| Lancastrian | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Type | Passenger and mail transport |
| Manufacturer | Avro |
| Designed by | Roy Chadwick |
| Maiden flight | 1943 |
| Introduced | 1945 (BOAC) |
| Retired | 1960s |
| Primary users | BOAC Trans Canada Airlines Alitalia Royal Air Force |
| Produced | 1943-1945 |
| Number built | 91 (including conversions) |
| Developed from | Avro Lancaster |
The Avro 691 Lancastrian was a British passenger and mail transport aircraft of the 1940s and 1950s developed from the Avro Lancaster bomber (an inhabitant of Lancaster city is a Lancastrian). An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts Avro was a British Aircraft manufacturer, with numerous landmark designs such as the Avro 504 trainer in the First World War, the Avro Roy Chadwick, CBE, FRAeS ( April 30 1893 &ndash August 23 1947) was an aircraft designer for Avro. The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1943: Events January January 27 - the USAAF makes its first This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1945: Events January January 1 - the Luftwaffe begins targeting The British Overseas Airways Corporation ( BOAC) was the British state airline from 1939 until 1946 and the long-haul British state airline from 1946 The British Overseas Airways Corporation ( BOAC) was the British state airline from 1939 until 1946 and the long-haul British state airline from 1946 Trans-Canada Air Lines (also TCA in English and Air Canada in French was a Canadian Airline and operated as the country's flag carrier AlitaliaLinee Aeree Italiane SpA ( Italian for Alitalia - Italian Air Lines) ( is the Flag carrier Airline of Italy. This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1943: Events January January 27 - the USAAF makes its first This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1945: Events January January 1 - the Luftwaffe begins targeting "Lanc" redirects here Distinguish from Lank (adjective and from Amon Lanc (a place in Tolkien's fiction The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A mailplane is an Aircraft used for carrying Mail. Aircraft that were purely mailplanes existed almost exclusively prior to World War II. The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949 Events and trends The 1940s was a period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s which also leads the period to be The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive "Lanc" redirects here Distinguish from Lank (adjective and from Amon Lanc (a place in Tolkien's fiction Lancaster (pronounced ˈlæŋˌkæstə or ˈlænˌkæstə is a City in Lancashire, England.
The Lancastrian was very similar to the Lancaster, differing primarily in having all of the armament removed and faired over, and a streamlined non-glazed metal nose. The Avro York was a similar conversion with a redesigned fuselage. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
Contents |
Design and development
In 1943, Avro through its wartime Victory Aircraft Canadian subsidiary converted a Lancaster X bomber for civil transport duties with Trans-Canada Airlines (TCQ). This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1943: Events January January 27 - the USAAF makes its first Avro was a British Aircraft manufacturer, with numerous landmark designs such as the Avro 504 trainer in the First World War, the Avro Victory Aircraft Limited was a Canadian manufacturing company that during the Second World War, built mainly British-designed aircraft under license "Lanc" redirects here Distinguish from Lank (adjective and from Amon Lanc (a place in Tolkien's fiction Trans-Canada Air Lines (also TCA in English and Air Canada in French was a Canadian Airline and operated as the country's flag carrier This conversion was a success resulting in eight additional Lancaster Xs being converted. The "specials" were powered by Packard-built Merlin 38 engines and featured a lengthened, streamlined nose and tail cone. Packard was an American luxury Automobile marque built by the Packard Motor Car Company of Detroit Michigan, and later by the Studebaker-Packard Corporation Range was enhanced by two 400-gallon Lancaster long-range fuel tanks fitted as standard in the bomb bay. These Lancastrians were used by TCA on its Montreal–Prestwick route. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec Prestwick is a town located in South Ayrshire on the south west coast of Scotland, approximately to the south-west of Glasgow.
Operational history
In 1945, deliveries commenced of 30 British-built Lancastrians for BOAC. This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1945: Events January January 1 - the Luftwaffe begins targeting The British Overseas Airways Corporation ( BOAC) was the British state airline from 1939 until 1946 and the long-haul British state airline from 1946 On a demonstration flight on 23 April 1945, G-AGLF flew 13,500 miles (21,700 km) from England to Auckland, New Zealand in three days, 14 hours at an average speed of 220 mph (354 km/h). Events 215 BC - A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar An aircraft registration is a unique Alphanumeric string that identifies an Aircraft, in similar fashion to a licence plate on an automobile The Auckland metropolitan area or Greater Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island
Since the Lancastrian had rather limited cubic capacity yet was fast and had a long range, it was most suited for transport of mail and VIP passengers. BOAC used it for flights between England and Australia from 31 May 1945. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar It also served with the RAF, one of whose planes named Aries completed the first airborne circumnavigation of the globe, as well as serving with QANTAS and Flota Aerea Mercante Argentina. Qantas Airways Limited (ˈkwɔntəs ( is the National airline of Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics.
Lancastrians were also used during the Berlin Airlift to transport petrol; 15 aircraft made over 5,000 trips. The Berlin Blockade (24 June 1948 – 11 May 1949 was one of the first major international crises of the Cold war.
Lancastrians were also used for tests of various turboprop and jet engines. A turboprop engine is a type of aircraft powerplant that uses a Gas turbine engine to drive a Propeller. specific --->A jet engine is a Reaction engine that discharges a fast moving jet of Fluid to One powered with Rolls-Royce Nene turbojets is credited with the first international passenger jet flight from London to Paris on 23 November 1946; the flight time was just 41 minutes. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Star Dust
On 2 August 1947, Lancastrian G-AGWH Star Dust of British South American Airways crashed in the Argentinean Andes after sending a cryptic radio message, what became known as the "Stendec incident". Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Star Dust was a British South American Airways airliner that mysteriously disappeared on 2 August British South American Airways (BSAA or British South American Airways Corporation was a British state-run airline of the 1940s For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. The wreckage was found 50 years later but the radio message remains a puzzle. Stendec was later adopted as the name of a UFO magazine.
The probable cause of the crash was a navigation error due to the then unknown effect of fast-moving, high altitude airstreams. Headwinds meant that dead reckoning of their position was inaccurate and the pilot started the descent while the plane was still over and not past the crest of the Andes mountains. Dead reckoning ( DR) is the process of estimating one's current position based upon a previously determined position or fix, and advancing that position based upon
Variants
- Lancaster XPP
- Nine built by converting Lancasters at Victory Aircraft Ltd Canada.
- Lancastrian C. 1
- Nine-seat transport aircraft for BOAC and Qantas. The British Overseas Airways Corporation ( BOAC) was the British state airline from 1939 until 1946 and the long-haul British state airline from 1946 Qantas Airways Limited (ˈkwɔntəs ( is the National airline of Australia. Royal Air Force designation Lancastrian C. 1 to Specification 16/44. This is a partial list of the British Air Ministry (AM specifications for Aircraft. A total of 23 built by Avro
- Lancastrian C. 2
- Nine-seat military transport aircraft for the RAF. A total of 33 built by Avro
- Lancastrian 3
- 13-seat transport aircraft for British South American Airways. British South American Airways (BSAA or British South American Airways Corporation was a British state-run airline of the 1940s A total of 18 built by Avro
- Lancastrian C. 4
- Ten to 13-seat military transport aircraft for the RAF. Eight built by Avro
Operators
Civil Operators
- Flota Aerea Mercante Argentina
- British European Airways
- British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC)
- British South American Airways
- Flight Refuelling Limited
- Silver City
- Skyways Limited
Military Operators
- Royal Air Force
- No. 24 Squadron RAF
- No. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Qantas Airways Limited (ˈkwɔntəs ( is the National airline of Australia. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Trans-Canada Air Lines (also TCA in English and Air Canada in French was a Canadian Airline and operated as the country's flag carrier Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest AlitaliaLinee Aeree Italiane SpA ( Italian for Alitalia - Italian Air Lines) ( is the Flag carrier Airline of Italy. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located British European Airways ( BEA) or British European Airways Corporation was a British Airline which existed from 1946 until 1974 The British Overseas Airways Corporation ( BOAC) was the British state airline from 1939 until 1946 and the long-haul British state airline from 1946 British South American Airways (BSAA or British South American Airways Corporation was a British state-run airline of the 1940s Silver City Airways was a British airline between 1946 and 1962 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The Argentine Air Force ( Fuerza Aérea Argentina or FAA) is the national aviation branch of the Armed forces of Argentina. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located PLEASE SCROLL DOWN IN ORDER TO EDIT THE ARTICLE--> No XXIV' or 24 Squadron of the Royal Air Force operates the C-130J Hercules C 231 Squadron RAF
- No. 232 Squadron RAF
Specifications (Lancastrian C. 1)
General characteristics
- Crew: 5
- Capacity: 9 passengers
- Payload: 3,560 kg of mail ()
- Length: 76 ft 10 in (23. In military aircraft or space exploration the payload is the carrying capacity of an aircraft or space ship including as Cargo, Munitions scientific instruments 4 m)
- Wingspan: 102 ft (31. The wingspan (or just span) of an airplane or a Bird, is the distance from the left wingtip to the right wingtip 1 m)
- Height: 19 ft 6 in (5. 9 m)
- Wing area: 1,297 ft² (120. 5 m²)
- Empty weight: 30,426 lb (13,800 kg)
- Loaded weight: 65,000 lb (29,480 kg)
- Powerplant: 4× Rolls Royce Merlin 12 piston, 1,250 hp (930 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 310 mph at 5,000 ft (500 km/h at 1,520 m)
- Range: 4,150 miles (6,680 km)
- Service ceiling 23,000 ft (7,000 m)
- Rate of climb: 750 ft/min (230 m/min)
See also
List of aircraft of the RAF
Related development
References
Notes
Bibliography
- Franks, Richard A. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout In Aviation, V-speeds or Velocity-speeds are standard terms used to define Airspeeds important or useful to the operation of Aircraft, such The maximal total range is the distance an Aircraft can fly between Takeoff and Landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft or cross-country In Aeronautics, a ceiling is the maximum Density altitude an aircraft can reach under a set of conditions In Aerodynamics, the rate of climb RoC is the speed at which an Aircraft increases its Altitude. Many aircraft types have served in the Royal Air Force since it was formed in 1918 by the merger of the Royal Flying Corps and Royal Naval Air Service. "Lanc" redirects here Distinguish from Lank (adjective and from Amon Lanc (a place in Tolkien's fiction WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Avro Lancaster, Manchester and Lincoln: A Comprehensive Guide for the Modeller. London: SAM Publications, 2000. ISBN 0-9533465-3-6.
- Holmes, Harry. Avro Lancaster (Combat Legend series). Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd. , 2002. ISBN 1-84037-376-8.
- Jackson, A. J. Avro Aircraft since 1908, 2nd edition. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-834-8.
- Mackay, R. S. G. Lancaster in action. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc. , 1982. ISBN 0-89747-130-X.
- Milberry, Larry. The Canadair North Star. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1982. ISBN 0-07-549965-7.
- Taylor, John W. R. "Avro Lancaster. " Combat Aircraft of the World from 1909 to the present. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1969. ISBN 0-425-03633-2.
External links
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic