Ruined temple to Apollo, Avernus.

Avernus was an ancient name for a crater near Cumae (Cuma), Italy in the Region of Campania north of Naples. There is also a small modern Greek Euboean city called Κυμη, near the ruins of the ancient Cuma Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Campania is a region of Southern Italy in Europe. The region has a population of around 5 Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Within the crater is Lake Avernus (Lago d'Averno). Lake Avernus (or Lago d'Averno in Italian) is a volcanic Crater lake located in the Campania region of southern Italy, It was believed to be the entrance to the underworld, and is portrayed as such in the Aeneid of Virgil. Roman mythology, or more appropriately Latin mythology, refers to the mythological beliefs of the Italic people inhabiting the region of Latium and its Hades (from Greek, Hadēs, originally, Haidēs or, Aidēs, probably from Indo-European *n̥-wid- 'unseen' refers both to the ancient For the group of nine Ancient Egyptian deities see Ennead. The Aeneid (əˈniːɪd in Publius Vergilius Maro ( October 15, 70 BCE &ndash September 21, 19 BCE later called Virgilius, and known in English as Virgil or In later times, the word was simply an alternate name for the underworld. Hades (from Greek, Hadēs, originally, Haidēs or, Aidēs, probably from Indo-European *n̥-wid- 'unseen' refers both to the ancient On the shores of the Lake is the grotto of the Cumaean Sybil and the entrance to a long tunnel (Grotta di Cocceio, ca. The ageless Cumaean Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian Oracle at Cumae, a Greek colony located near Naples, Grotta di Cocceio, also known as the Cocceius Tunnel is a straight-line subterranean gallery nearly a kilometer in length connecting Lake Avernus with Cumae north 800 meters) leading toward Cumae, where her sanctuary was located. There are also the remains of temples to Apollo and Jupiter. In Roman mythology, Jupiter was the king of the gods and the god of Sky and Thunder. During the civil war between Octavian and Antony, Agrippa tried to turn the lake into a military port, the Portus Julius. List of Civil wars involving Rome. There were several Roman civil wars, especially during the time of the late Republic. Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Agrippa redirects here For other uses of the name see Agrippa (disambiguation. Portus Julius (alternately spelled in the Latin "Iulius" was the home port for the Roman western imperial fleet the classis Misenensis, named for nearby Cape A waterway was dug from Lake Lucrino to Avernus to this end. Lucrinus Lacus, or Lucrine Lake, a lake of Campania, Italy about three kilometers (two miles to the south of Lake Avernus, and only separated from The Port's remains may still be seen under the Lake's surface.

The term Avernus (plural Averni) was also used by ancient naturalists for certain lakes, grottos, and other places which infect the air with poisonous steams or vapors. They were also called mephites. They were said to be frequent in Hungary on account of the abundance of mines therein. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic The Grotto dei Cani in Italy was a famous example. The most celebrated of these, however, is Lake Avernus. Lake Avernus (or Lago d'Averno in Italian) is a volcanic Crater lake located in the Campania region of southern Italy, The fumes it emitted were represented by the ancients as of so malignant a nature, that birds could not fly over it, but fell down dead. ^[1] In addition, Mephitis was the Roman goddess of noxious vapors, who protects against malaria. The adjective "mephitic" means "foul-smelling" or "malodorous".

References

1. ^{^} This article incorporates content from the 1728 Cyclopaedia, a publication in the public domain. Cyclopaedia or A Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences ( folio, 2 vols The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone [1]