An autosome is a non-sex chromosome. A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and Protein that is found in cells. It is an ordinarily paired^[1] type of chromosome that is the same in both sexes of a species. An organism's sex is defined by the gametes it produces males produce male gametes (spermatozoa or Sperm) while females produce female gametes (ova or Egg cells; individual In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. For example, in humans, there are 22 pairs of autosomes. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus The X and Y chromosomes are not autosomal. Non-autosomal chromosomes are usually referred to as sex chromosomes, allosomes or heterosomes. A sex-determination system is a biological system that determines the development of sexual characteristics in an Organism.

Like other chromosomes, autosomes display STR and SNP mutations which can be observed and have been used in genetic testings for ancestry, ethnicity, race and genealogical purposes. A short tandem repeat (STR in DNA is a class of polymorphisms that occurs when a pattern of two or more Nucleotides are repeated and the repeated sequences A single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP, pronounced snip) is a DNA sequence variation occurring when a single Nucleotide - A, T Private testing companies which do autosomal STR tests include FamilyTreeDNA and DNAtribes. FamilyTreeDNA is a commercial Genetic genealogy company based in Houston Texas. Whereas companies testing autosomal SNPs include AncestryByDNA and deCODEme. DNAPrint Genomics ( is a Genetics company with a wide range of products related to genetic profiling

Notes

1. ^ In the case of higher ploidy levels than the usual diploid, there will be the same number of an autosome as the ploidy level itself. "Haplo" redirects here For the fictional character see The Death Gate Cycle. For example, in a pentaploid, there will be five copies of each autosome.

See also

• Autosomal dominant
• Autosomal recessive
• CODIS
• Homologous chromosome
• OmniPop

External links

• Discussion thread on the potential use of autosomal 'Haploblocks' in advanced methods of genetic genealogical testing
• ENFSI autosomal DNA database allele population frequency calculator
• CSFS autosomal DNA database allele population frequency calculator
• MSNBC article on autosome testing companies including 23andme, deCODEme & Navigenics

The Combined DNA Index System (CODIS is a DNA database funded by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI Homologous chromosomes are Chromosomes in a Biological cell that pair ( synapse) during Meiosis, or alternatively non-identical chromosomes that OmniPop is a program used to class populations by autosomal DNA results

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic