Autoionization is a process by which atoms or molecules spontaneously transition from an electrically neutral state to a lower-energy ionized state. History See also Atomic theory, Atomism The concept that matter is composed of discrete units and cannot be divided into arbitrarily tiny In Chemistry, a molecule is defined as a sufficiently stable electrically neutral group of at least two Atoms in a definite arrangement held together by A spontaneous process is the time-evolution of a system in which it releases free energy (most often as heat and moves to a lower more thermodynamically stable energy state Ionization is the physical process of converting an Atom or Molecule into an Ion by adding or removing charged particles such as Electrons .

Atoms can autoionize when the two outer electrons are both excited and, through electrostatic interactions, one of the electrons is ejected, ionizing the atom. The electron is a fundamental Subatomic particle that was identified and assigned the negative charge in 1897 by J Excitation is an elevation in energy level above an arbitrary baseline energy state Electrostatics is the branch of Science that deals with the Phenomena arising from what seems to be stationary Electric charges Since Classical

For an example of molecular autoionization, see self-ionization of water. The self-ionization of water (also autoionization of water, and autodissociation of water) is the chemical reaction in which two water molecules react to produce a

Other examples are given by the autoionization of core-excited molecules, see Auger effect, or of Rydberg atoms. The Auger effect (ˈɔːʒɚ or Oh' jeh is a phenomenon in Physics in which the emission of an Electron from an Atom causes the emission of a second A Rydberg atom is an excited atom with one or more Electrons that have a very high Principal quantum number.

Autoionizing states are resonances. In Physics, resonance is the tendency of a system to Oscillate at maximum Amplitude at certain frequencies, known as the system's

More specifically, autoionization refers to non-redox ionization of a molecular substance. Redox (shorthand for reduction-oxidation reaction describes all Chemical reactions in which atoms have their Oxidation number ( Oxidation state See molecular autoionization

See also

• Resonance
• Ionization

References

External links

Molecular autoionization is a reaction between molecules of the same substance to produce Ions The Oxidation number on all atoms in such a reaction remains unchanged In Physics, resonance is the tendency of a system to Oscillate at maximum Amplitude at certain frequencies, known as the system's Ionization is the physical process of converting an Atom or Molecule into an Ion by adding or removing charged particles such as Electrons

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