Auto racing (also known as automobile racing, motor racing or car racing) is a motorsport involving racing cars. Types of racing Unassisted human racing Using only the Human body 's own Muscles Running: Cross country It is one of the world's most watched television sports. Sport is an Activity that is governed by a set of rules or Customs and often engaged in competitively [1]
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History
The beginning of racing
Racing began soon after the construction of the first successful petrol-fueled autos. Before that time people raced in other "vehicles" such as, horse pulled buggys. In 1894, the first contest was organized by Paris magazine Le Perit Journal, a reliability test to determine best performance. But the race was changed to Paris to Rouen 1894. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital Competitors included factory vehicles from Karl Benz's Benz & Cie. Karl Friedrich Benz, sometimes spelled Carl, ( November 25, 1844, Karlsruhe, Germany – April 4, 1929, Ladenburg and Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach's DMG. Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler ( March 17, 1834 - March 6, 1900) was an Engineer, Industrial designer and Industrialist Wilhelm Maybach ˈmaibax ( February 9, 1846 &ndash December 29, 1929) was an early German engine designer and industrialist
In 1895, one year later, the first real race was staged in France, from Paris to Bordeaux. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city ( Gascon: Bordèu) is a port city in southwest France, with one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area at a 2008 estimate First over the line was Émile Levassor but he was disqualified because his car was not a required four-seater.
An international competition began with the Gordon Bennett Cup in auto racing. Jenatzy 1903 Gordon Bennettjpg|right|thumb|205px|Jenatzy 1903 winner]]As one of three Gordon Bennett Cups established by James Gordon Bennett Jr
The first auto race in the United States took place in Evanston, Illinois on November 28, 1895 over an 87. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Evanston Illinois is an affluent suburban Chicago Municipality on Lake Michigan on the North Shore in Cook County, Illinois directly For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events Year 1895 ( MDCCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year 48-km (54. 36 mile) course, with Frank Duryea winning in 10 hours and 23 minutes, beating three petrol-fueled and two electric cars. The Duryea brothers, Charles (1861- 1938 and Frank Duryea (1869-1967 were the first to build an Automobile in the U [1] The first trophy awarded was the Vanderbilt Cup. The Vanderbilt Cup was the first major trophy in American Auto racing.
City to city racing
With auto construction and racing dominated by France, the French automobile club ACF staged a number of major international races, usually from or to Paris, connecting with another major city in Europe or France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.
These very successful races ended in 1903 when Marcel Renault was involved in a fatal accident near Angouleme in the Paris-Madrid race. Marcel Renault (1871 or '72 -1903 was a French car racing driver and industrialist co-founder of the car maker Renault, and the brother of Louis and Angoulême is a commune in western France, capital of the Charente department. Nine fatalities caused the French government to stop the race in Bordeaux and ban open-road racing. ( Gascon: Bordèu) is a port city in southwest France, with one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area at a 2008 estimate
1910-1950
The 1930s saw the transformation from high-priced road cars into pure racers, with Delage, Auto Union, Mercedes-Benz, Delahaye, and Bugatti constructing streamlined vehicles with engines producing up to 450 kW (612 hp), aided by multiple-stage supercharging. The Delage Automobile company was established in January 1905 at 62 rue Chaptal (62 Chaptal street in Levallois, a northwesterly suburb of Paris Auto Union was an amalgamation of four German Automobile manufacturers established in 1932 in Zwickau, Saxony, during the Great Depression Mercedes-Benz is a German manufacturer of luxury Automobiles Buses coaches and Trucks It is currently a division of the The Delahaye Automobile manufacturing company was started by Emile Delahaye in 1894 in Tours, France. Bugatti was founded in Molsheim, France, as a manufacturer of high performance automobiles by Ettore Bugatti, an Italian A supercharger is an air compressor used for Forced induction of an Internal combustion engine. From 1928-1930 and again in 1934-1936, the maximum weight permitted was 750 kg, a rule diametrically opposed to current racing regulations. In the Physical sciences weight is a Measurement of the gravitational Force acting on an object Extensive use of aluminium alloys was required to achieve light weight, and in the case of the Mercedes, the paint was removed to satisfy the weight limitation, producing the famous Silver Arrows. Silver Arrows (in German Silberpfeile) was the name given by the press to Germany's dominant Mercedes-Benz and Auto Union Grand Prix motor racing
Categories
Single-seater racing
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Single-seater (open-wheel) racing is one of the most popular forms of motorsport, with cars designed specifically for high-speed racing. Open-wheel car (Often single-seater car, in UK English describes cars with the wheels outside the car's main body and in most cases one seat The wheels are not covered, and the cars often have aerofoil wings front and rear to produce downforce and enhance adhesion to the track. In Europe and Asia, open wheeled racing is commonly referred to as "Formula", with appropriate hierarchical suffixes. In North America, the "Formula" terminology is not followed (with the exception of F1). The sport is usually arranged to follow an "international" format (such as F1), a "regional" format (such as the Formula 3 Euro Series), or a "domestic", or county-specific format (such as the German Formula 3 championship, or the British Formula Ford).
The best-known variety of single-seater racing, Formula One, involves an annual World Championship for drivers and constructors of around 18 races a year featuring major international car and engine manufacturers, and independent constructors, such as Ferrari, McLaren, Williams, BMW Sauber, Toyota, Honda, Renault, Red Bull Racing - in an ongoing battle of technology and driver skill and talent. Ferrari SpA is an Italian Sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy McLaren, founded in 1963 by New Zealander Bruce McLaren (1937&ndash1970 is a Formula One team based in Woking, Surrey, UK Not to be confused with Frank Williams Racing Cars, formed by Frank Williams 1967 BMW Sauber F1 are a Formula One team with bases in Hinwil, Switzerland and Munich, Germany. (pronounced) is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Japan, and is currently the world's largest Automaker. () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan. This is about the company for other uses see Renault (disambiguation. Red Bull Racing is one of two Formula One teams owned by Austrian Beverage company Red Bull. The sport is one of the top five watched sporting events in the world, alongside the FIFA World Cup, the Olympic Games, the Super Bowl and the UEFA European Football Championship. The FIFA World Cup, occasionally called the Football World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the World Cup, is an international Association football The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL The UEFA European Football Championship is the main football competition of the men's national football teams governed by UEFA (the Union of European Formula One is, by any measure, the most expensive sport in the world, with some teams spending in excess of $400 million per year. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Formula One is widely considered to be the pinnacle of motorsports, with the F1 Drivers' Championship being one of, and the oldest among, only three World Championships awarded each year by the FIA (the others being the World Touring Car Championship and the World Rally Championship). The World Touring Car Championship ( WTCC) is an international Touring Car championship organized by the FIA. History Early The World Rally Championship was formed from well-known international rallies nine of which were previously part of the International Championship What separates Formula 1 from all other forms of open wheel racing, is the basic premise of F1 revolves around the very important issue that each team is a "constructor". That is, the chassis of the car must be designed and manufactured in-house, and chassis can not be supplied to competitors on a "customer" basis. Engines are usually funded and/or developed by established major motor manufacturers, and can be supplied exclusively to just one team, or may be offered as "customer" engines, often to the smaller, lower-ranked teams.
In North America, the cars used in the National Championship (currently the Indy Racing League IndyCar Series, and previously CART) have traditionally been similar though less sophisticated than F1 cars, with more restrictions on technology aimed controlling costs. Since 1916 there has been a recognized United States national Automobile racing National Championship for drivers of professional-level single-seat Open wheel The Indy Racing League, better known as IRL, is the sanctioning body of a predominantly American based Open-wheel racing series. The IndyCar Series is the premier series of the Indy Racing League. Champ Car, was the name for a class and specification of cars used in American Championship Car Racing for many decades primarily for use in the Indianapolis A modern Formula One car is a single-seat open cockpit open wheel race car with substantial front and rear wings and engine positioned behind the driver
Other international single-seater racing series are the A1 Grand Prix (unofficially often referred to as the "world cup of motorsport"), and the GP2 (formerly known as Formula 3000 and Formula Two). History The nation-based A1GP concept was founded by Sheikh Maktoum Hasher Maktoum Al Maktoum of Dubai, initially in 2004 For the article about the Asian version of the GP2 series see GP2 Asia Series. Formula Two, abbreviated to F2, was a type of Formula racing. Regional series include Formula Nippon (specifically in Asia), Formula Renault 3.5 (also known as the World Series by Renault, succession series of World Series by Nissan), Formula Three, Formula Palmer Audi and Formula Atlantic. Formula Nippon is a type of Formula racing and the top level of single-seater racing in Japan. Renault_World_Series_Donington_2007jpg|left|thumb|World Series by Renault at Donington Park in 2007 Renault_World_Series_Donington_2007jpg|left|thumb|World Series by Renault at Donington Park in 2007 Formula Three, also called Formula 3 or F3, is a class of open-wheel formula racing. Formula Palmer Audi, commonly known as Palmer Audi or FPA, is a form of Open wheel racing founded in 1998 by former Formula One driver The Cooper Tires presents the Atlantic Championship Powered by Mazda is a Formula racing series with races throughout North America Domestic, or country-specific series include Formula Three, Formula Renault, Formula Ford with the leading introductory series being Formula BMW. Formula Ford is a single seater open wheel class in Motorsport which exists in some form in many countries around the world Origins BMW has prior experience of junior Formula racing, as a successful engine supplier in Formula Two and more briefly Formula Three in the
There are other categories of single-seater racing, including kart racing, which employs a small, low-cost machine on small tracks. For other meanings see Kart (disambiguation Kart racing or karting is a variant of Open-wheel Motor sport with Many of the current top drivers began their careers in karts. Formula Ford once represented a popular first open-wheel category for up-and-coming drivers stepping up from karts and now the Formula BMW series is the preferred option as it has introduced an areo package and slicks, allowing the junior drivers to gain experience in a race car with dynamics closer F1. Formula Ford is a single seater open wheel class in Motorsport which exists in some form in many countries around the world Origins BMW has prior experience of junior Formula racing, as a successful engine supplier in Formula Two and more briefly Formula Three in the The Star Mazda Series is another entry level series. The Star Mazda Series is a stand alone series of open-wheel race cars of a single formula conducted by Star Race Cars that started in the early 1990s with the current car released
Students at colleges and universities can also take part in single seater racing through the SAE Formula Student competition, which involves designing and building a single seater car in a multidisciplinary team, and racing it at the competition. Formula Student is a student engineering competition held annually in the UK This also develops other soft skills such as teamwork whilst promoting motorsport and engineering.
In 2006, producer Todd Baker was responsible for creating the world's first all-female Formula racing team. Todd Baker is an American film and television producer who heads the Production company, T The group was an assemblage of drivers from different racing disciplines, and formed for an MTV reality pilot which was shot at Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca. MTV ( Music Television) is an American Cable television network based in New York City. Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca (previously known as Laguna Seca Raceway) is a paved road Racing track used for both Auto racing and motorcycle racing
In December, 2005 the FIA gave approval to Superleague Formula racing, set to debut in 2008. Superleague Formula is a new motor racing formula, which started in 2008, at Donington Park. This will be open-wheel, single-seat stock car racing around Grand Prix racetracks. The teams will be owned and run by prominent sports clubs such as AC Milan and FC Porto. Associazione Calcio Milan, commonly referred to by the abbreviation Milan, is an Italian professional football club based in Milan, Lombardy Futebol Clube do Porto ( pron futɨ'bɔɫ 'klub(ɨ du 'poɾtu - short FC Porto or FCP - is a Portuguese Sports club best known The race weekend will follow the GP2 format of Saturday qualifying and two Sunday races, one featuring a reverse grid.
Touring car racing
Touring car racing is a style of road racing that is run with production derived race cars. It often features exciting, full-contact racing due to the small speed differentials and large grids.
The V8 Supercars originally from Australia, British Touring Car Championship, Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters originally from Germany, and the World Touring Car Championship held with 2 non-European races (previously the European Touring Car Championship) are the major touring car championships conducted worldwide, along with a European Touring Cup, a one day event open to Super 2000 specification touring cars from Europe's many national championships. V8 Supercars is a Touring car racing category operated under the regulations of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The British Touring Car Championship is a Touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom. The Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters ( DTM, German Touring Car Masters is a Touring car racing series based in Germany, but also with rounds elsewhere Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The World Touring Car Championship ( WTCC) is an international Touring Car championship organized by the FIA. The European Touring Car Championship was an international Touring car racing series organized by the FIA. Super 2000, also known as S2000, is an FIA specification and classification for production based race cars
The Sports Car Club of America's SPEED World Challenge Touring Car and GT championships are dominant in North America while the venerable British Touring Car Championship continues in the United Kingdom. The Sports Car Club of America ( SCCA) is a club and sanctioning body supporting Road racing, rally, and Autocross in the United States The SPEED World Challenge is an American Auto racing series that is sanctioned by the Sports Car Club of America. The British Touring Car Championship is a Touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located America's historic Trans-Am Series is undergoing a period of transition, but is still the longest-running road racing series in the U. The Trans-Am Series was created in 1966 by the SCCA as the Trans-American Sedan Championship. S. The National Auto Sport Association also provides a venue for amateurs to compete in home-built factory derived vehicles on various local circuits. The National Auto Sport Association ( NASA) is an American Motorsports organization promoting Road racing and high-performance driver education
Production car racing
Production car racing or known in the US as showroom stock, is an economical and rules restricted version of touring car racing, mainly to restrict costs.
Many series follow the Group N regulation with a few exceptions. In relation to Motorsport governed by the FIA, Group N refers to a set of regulations providing 'standard' production vehicles for competition often referred to as There are several different series that are run all over the world, most notably, Japan's Super Taikyu and IMSA's Firehawk Series which ran between the 1980s to 1990s all over the United States. The International Motor Sports Association (generally referred to as IMSA) is an American Auto racing sanctioning body based in Braselton Georgia
One-make racing
- See also: One-Design
One-make, or single marque, championships often employ production-based cars from a single manufacturer or even a single model from a manufacturer's range. One-Design is a Racing method where all Vehicles or Boats have identical or very similar designs or models There are numerous notable one-make formulae from various countries and regions, some of which – such as the Porsche Supercup and, previously, IROC – have fostered many distinct national championships. The Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup (known as Porsche Michelin Supercup prior to 2007) is the international motor racing series supporting the FIA Single marque series are often found at club level, to which the production-based cars, limited modifications, and close parity in performance are very well suited. There are also single-chassis single seater formulae, such as Formula Ford, Formula Saab, Formula BMW, and defunct Formula Vee, usually as "feeder" series for "senior" race formula (in the fashion of farm teams). Open-wheel car (Often single-seater car, in UK English describes cars with the wheels outside the car's main body and in most cases one seat Formula Ford is a single seater open wheel class in Motorsport which exists in some form in many countries around the world Origins BMW has prior experience of junior Formula racing, as a successful engine supplier in Formula Two and more briefly Formula Three in the Formula Vee is a popular single-seater junior motor racing formula, with relatively low-costs in comparison to Formula Ford or Formula BMW. In sports a farm team, feeder team or nursery club, generally refers to a team or club whose role is to provide experience and training for young players with an
Stock car racing
Stock car racing, the North American equivalent to touring car racing, is that continent's most-popular form of auto racing in terms of viewership. Stock car racing is a form of Automobile racing found mainly in the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Great Britain Stock car racing is a form of Automobile racing found mainly in the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Great Britain Usually conducted on ovals, the cars may slightly resemble production cars but are in fact purpose-built racing machines which are built to tight specifications. An oval track is a dedicated motorsport circuit primarily in the USA, which differs from a road course in that it only has turns in one direction which is almost Early stock cars were actual production vehicles; the car to be raced was often driven from track to track. The modern car however is far removed from the production model which it represents, making the term "stock car" somewhat incorrect.
The largest stock car racing governing body is NASCAR. The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing ( NASCAR) is the largest sanctioning body of Stock cars in the United States. NASCAR's premier series is the Sprint Cup Series, its most famous races being the Daytona 500 and the Brickyard 400. The Daytona 500 is a 200-lap long NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held annually at the Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach Florida. The Allstate 400 at The Brickyard, introduced as the Brickyard 400 in 1994, is an annual 400-mile (644 km NASCAR Sprint Cup points race NASCAR also runs several feeder series. The Nationwide Series, and Craftsman Truck Series (a pickup truck racing series) conduct races across the entire continental United States. The NASCAR Nationwide Series is a Stock car racing series owned and operated by the National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing. A pickup truck is a light Motor vehicle with an open-top rear cargo area which is almost always separated from the cab to allow for chassis flex when carrying or pulling The term continental United States refers to the 48 contiguous states located on the North American continent south of the border with Canada plus the District The NASCAR Canadian Tire Series conducts races across Canada and the NASCAR Corona Series conducts races across Mexico. The NASCAR Canadian Tire Series is a NASCAR racing series in Canada. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The NASCAR Corona Series (formerly NASCAR Mexico Corona Series) is a NASCAR series in Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. NASCAR also governs several smaller regional series.
NASCAR also governs the Whelen Modified Tour. The NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour (NWMT (previously the NASCAR Winston Modified Tour and NASCAR Featherlite Modified Series) is a Stock car racing series Modified cars are best described as hybrids of stock cars and open-wheel cars. They are heavily altered from stock, with powerful engines, large tires, tubular chassis and light bodies. The Whelen Modified tour is NASCAR's oldest series.
There are also other stock car governing bodies, such as Automobile Racing Club of America and United Speed Alliance Racing. Automobile Racing Club of America (ARCA is an auto racing sanctioning body in the United States founded in 1953 by John Marcum.
British Stock car racing is a form of Short Oval Racing. This takes place on shale or tarmac tracks in either clockwise or anti-clockwise direction depending on the class, some of which allow contact. Races are organized by local promoters and all drivers are registered with BRISCA and have their own race number. What classes exist depends on the promoter, so events in Scotland at Cowdenbeath can be very different from an event at Wimbledon Stadium in London. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Wimbledon Greyhound Stadium is a dog racing track located in Wimbledon in southwest London, England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.
Rallying
Rallying, or rally racing, involves two classes of car. Rallying is a form of motor competition that takes place on public or private roads with modified production or specially built road-legal cars The modified Group A, but road legal, production based cars and the Group N Production cars compete on (closed) public roads or off-road areas run on a point-to-point format where participants and their co-drivers “rally” to a set of points, leaving in regular intervals from start points. A rally is typically conducted over a number of 'special stages' of any terrain, which entrants are often allowed to scout beforehand at reduced speeds compiling detailed shorthand descriptions of the track or road as they go. These detailed descriptions are known as 'pace notes'. During the actual rally, the co-driver reads the pace notes aloud (using an in-helmet intercom system) to the driver, enabling them to complete each stage as quickly as possible. Competition is based on lowest total elapsed time over the course of an event's special stages, including penalties.
The top series is the World Rally Championship (WRC), but there also regional championships and many countries have their own national championships. History Early The World Rally Championship was formed from well-known international rallies nine of which were previously part of the International Championship Some famous rallies include the Monte Carlo Rally, Rally Argentina, Rally Finland and Rally GB. The Monte Carlo Rally (officially Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo) is a Rallying event organized each year by the Automobile Club de Monaco who also organize The Rally Argentina is an Argentine rally competition and a stage of the World Rally Championship. The Neste Oil Rally Finland (formerly known as 1000 Lakes Rally) is a rally event driven in the Jyväskylä area in Central Finland. Wales Rally GB is the largest and most high profile motor rally in the United Kingdom. Another famous event (actually best described as a "rally raid") is the Paris-Dakar Rally. Rally Raid, also known as cross country rallying is a form of long distance Off-road racing that takes place over several days The Dakar Rally (or simply " The Dakar " formerly known as "The Paris Dakar" or "Paris to Dakar Rally" and now as "The Lisboa Dakar" is There are also many smaller, club level, categories of rallies which are popular with amateurs, making up the "grass roots" of motor sports. Rallying makes up the majority of the "grassroots" of amateur motorsport especially in the UK
Targa Racing (Targa Rally)
Targa is a tarmac-based road rally which is run all around the world. Rallying is a form of motor competition that takes place on public or private roads with modified production or specially built road-legal cars This began with the Targa Florio. The Targa Florio was an open road Endurance automobile race held near Palermo Sicily. There are many races including Targa Tasmania held on the island state of Tasmania, Australia, run annually since 1992. Targa Tasmania is a tarmac-based rally event held on the island state of Tasmania, Australia, annually since 1992. Tasmania is an Australian island and state of the same name It is located south of the eastern side of the Continent, being separated from it by Bass For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The event takes its name from the Targa Florio, a former motoring event held on the island of Sicily. The Targa Florio was an open road Endurance automobile race held near Palermo Sicily. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. The competition concept is drawn directly from the best features of the Mille Miglia, the Coupe des Alpes and the Tour de Corse. Other events around the world include the Targa Newfoundland based in Canada, Targa West based in Western Australia, Targa New Zealand and other smaller events. Targa Newfoundland is an annual long Road rally. It is held over a seven-day period in September of each year on the paved roads of the eastern and central parts of the island Targa West is a rally event held in and around Perth Western Australia. Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. The Targa New Zealand is a Road rally held annually on public roads throughout the North Island of New Zealand using around 1500km of touring and 750km of closed special
Drag racing
In drag racing, the objective is to complete a given straight-line distance, from a standing start, ahead of a vehicle in a parallel lane. Drag racing is a competition in which objects compete to be the first to cross a set finish mark usually from a dead stop and in a straight line This distance is traditionally ¼ mile (400 m), though 1/8 mile (200 m) has become popular since the 1990s. The vehicles may or may not be given the signal to start at the same time, depending on the class of racing. Vehicles range from the everyday car to the purpose-built dragster. Drag racing is a competition in which objects compete to be the first to cross a set finish mark usually from a dead stop and in a straight line Speeds and elapsed time differ from class to class. Average street cars cover the ¼ mile in from 15 to 20 seconds whereas a top fuel dragster takes 4. Top-Fuel Racing is a class of Drag racing in which the cars are run on a maximum of 90% Nitromethane and about 10% Methanol (also known as racing alcohol 5 seconds or less, reaching speeds of up to 530 km/h (330 mph). Drag racing was organized as a sport by Wally Parks in the early 1950s through the NHRA (National Hot Rod Association), the largest motorsports sanctioning body in the world. Wallace Gordon ("Wally" Parks ( January 23, 1913 &ndash September 28, 2007) was instrumental in establishing drag racing as "NHRA" redirects here For other uses see NHRA (disambiguation. The NHRA was formed to discourage street racing. Street racing is a form of unsanctioned and illegal Auto racing which takes place on Public roads Street racing can either be spontaneous or well-planned
Launching, a top fuel dragster will accelerate at 4. 5 g (44 m/s²), and when braking parachutes are deployed the deceleration is 4 g (39 m/s²), more than the Space Shuttle experiences. g-force (also G-force, g-load) is a measurement of an object's Acceleration expressed in g s NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called the Space Transportation System ( STS) is the Spacecraft currently used by the United States A top fuel car can be heard over 8 miles (13 km) away and generates a reading of 1. 5 to 2 on the Richter scale. The Richter magnitude scale, or more correctly local magnitude M L scale assigns a single number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released [2]
Drag racing is two cars head-to-head, the winner proceeding to the next round. Professional classes are all first to the finish line wins. Sportsman racing is handicapped (slower car getting a head start) using an index (a lowest e. t. allowed), and cars running under (quicker than) their index "break out" and lose. The slowest cars, bracket racers, are also handicapped, but rather than an index, they use a "dial-in". Bracket racing has been viewed as the main cause of the loss of public interest in drag racing. People don't understand why the slower car wins or why somebody needs to hit the brakes to avoid going too fast. Many local tracks have also complained that bracket racers will also go out of their way to spend as little as possible while at the track by bringing their own food, beverages, fuel and supplies thus, making it more difficult for tracks to make money on these events. This causes gate prices to rise and tracks losing interest in having such events.
Sports car racing
In sports car racing, production versions of sports cars and/or grand tourers, and sports prototype cars compete within their respective classes on closed circuits. Sports car racing is a form of circuit Auto racing with Automobiles that have two seats and enclosed wheels A sports car is a term used to describe a class of Automobile. A grand tourer ( Gran turismo) ( initialised GT) is a high-performance Automobile designed for long-distance driving A sports prototype is a form of racing car that is used as a top category in Sports car racing. The races are often conducted over long distances, at least 1000 km, and cars are driven by teams of two or three drivers (and sometimes more in the US), switching every few hours. Due to the performance difference between production-based sports cars and purpose-built sports prototypes, one race usually involves several racing classes. In the US the American Le Mans Series (ALMS) was organized in 1999, featuring GT1, GT2, and two prototype classes, LMP1 (Le Mans Prototype 1) and LMP2. The American Le Mans Series ( ALMS) is a Sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. The American Le Mans Series ( ALMS) is a Sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. Manufacturers such as Audi and Acura/Honda field or support entries in the Prototype class. Another series based on Le Mans began in 2004, the Le Mans Endurance Series, which included four 1000 km races at tracks in Europe. The Le Mans Series (LMS is a European Sports car racing endurance series based around the 24 Hours of Le Mans race and run by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest A competing body, Grand-Am, which began in 2000, sanctions its own endurance series the Rolex Sports Car Series. The Grand American Road Racing Association or Grand-Am is an Auto racing sanctioning body that was established in 1999 to organize Road racing competitions The Rolex Sports Car Series is the premiere series run by the Grand American Road Racing Association.
Famous sports car races include the 24 Hours of Le Mans, the 24 Hours of Daytona, 24 Hours of Spa-Franchorchamps, the 12 Hours of Sebring, and the 1,000-mile (1,600 km) Petit Le Mans at Road Atlanta. The 24 Hours of Le Mans ( 24 Heures du Mans) is a sports car endurance race held annually since near the town of Le Mans, Sarthe, The Rolex 24 at Daytona (frequently referred to by its historical title the 24 Hours of Daytona) is a 24-hour sports car Endurance race held annually at The Total 24 Hours of Spa is an Endurance racing event held annually in Belgium at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps. The Petit Le Mans ( French for little Le Mans) is a sports car endurance race held annually at Road Atlanta in Braselton Georgia Road Atlanta is a 254-mile (4088 km road course located in Braselton Georgia, USA, (Across the road from Lanier Raceway
Off-road racing
In off-road racing, various classes of specially modified vehicles, including cars, compete in races through off-road environments. Off-road racing is a format of racing where various classes of specially modified vehicles (including cars trucks motorcycles and buggies compete in races through Off-road Off-road racing is a format of racing where various classes of specially modified vehicles (including cars trucks motorcycles and buggies compete in races through Off-road In North America these races often take place in the desert, such as the famous Baja 1000. Baja 1000 is an off-road race that takes place on Mexico's Baja California Peninsula in the fall In Europe, "offroad" refers to events such as autocross or rallycross, while desert races and rally-raids such as the Paris-Dakar, Master Rallye or European "bajas" are called "cross-country rallies. The Dakar Rally (or simply " The Dakar " formerly known as "The Paris Dakar" or "Paris to Dakar Rally" and now as "The Lisboa Dakar" is " many people have died while trying to win the world cup.
Kart racing
Although often seen as the entry point for serious racers into the sport, kart racing, or karting, can be an economic way for amateurs to try racing and is also a fully fledged international sport in its own right. For other meanings see Kart (disambiguation Kart racing or karting is a variant of Open-wheel Motor sport with For other meanings see Kart (disambiguation Kart racing or karting is a variant of Open-wheel Motor sport with World-famous F1-drivers like Michael Schumacher or Fernando Alonso and most of the typical starting grid of a modern Grand Prix took up the sport at around the age of eight, with some testing from age three. Michael Schumacher (German pronunciation;) (born January 3, 1969, in Hürth-Hermülheim, Germany) is a former Formula Fernando Alonso Díaz (born July 29, 1981 in Oviedo, Spain) is a Spanish Formula One racing driver and a two-time Several former motorcycle champions have also taken up the sport, notably Wayne Rainey, who was paralysed in a racing accident and now races a hand-controlled kart. Wayne Wesley Rainey, born in Downey California, United States, is an American former Grand Prix Motorcycle road racer As one of the cheapest ways to go racing, karting is seeing its popularity grow worldwide.
Go-karts, or just "karts" - seem very distant from normal road cars, with diminutive frames and wheels, but a small engine combined with very light weight make for a quick machine. The tracks are also on a much smaller scale, making kart racing more accessible to the average enthusiast.
Historical racing
As modern motor racing is centered on modern technology with a lots of corporate sponsors and politics involved, historical racing tends to be the opposite. Historic motorsport tends to be the opposite of modern motor racing that is centered on modern technology with a lots of corporate sponsors and politics involved Historic motorsport tends to be the opposite of modern motor racing that is centered on modern technology with a lots of corporate sponsors and politics involved As it relies on cars of a particular era it is more hobbyist oriented, reducing corporate sponsorship and politics. Events are regulated to only allow cars of a certain era to participate. The only modern equipment used is related to safety and timing. A historical event can be of various different motorsport disciplines. Notably some of the most famous events of them all are the Goodwood Festival of Speed and Goodwood Revival in Britain and Monterey Historic in the United States. The Goodwood Festival of Speed, commonly abbreviated as FoS and referred within the United Kingdom as the Festival of Speed, is an annual hill climb The Goodwood Revival is a 3-day festival held each September for the types of cars and motorcycles that would have competed during the circuit's original period - 1948-1966 The Rolex Monterey Historic Automobile Races presented by Toyota (or simply Monterey Historics) is an annual event held at Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca in Monterey The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Championships range from "grass root" Austin Seven racing to the FIA Thoroughbred Grand Prix Championship for classic Formula One chassis. The Historic Formula One Championship, previously known as the Thoroughbred Grand Prix Championship, is a championship for Formula One cars from the 1960s
While there are several professional teams and drivers in historical racing, this branch of auto sport tends to be contested by wealthy car owners and is thus more amateur and laid back in its approach. Historic motorsport tends to be the opposite of modern motor racing that is centered on modern technology with a lots of corporate sponsors and politics involved Auto racing (also known as automobile racing, motor racing or car racing) is a Motorsport involving Racing Cars It
Other categories
- See also Category:Auto racing by type
- Autocross
- Autograss
- Banger racing
- Board track racing
- Demolition derby
- Dirt speedway racing
- Dirt track racing
- Drifting
- Folkrace
- High Performance Drivers Education
- Hillclimbing
- Ice racing
- Legends car racing
- Midget car racing
- Truck racing
- Rallycross
- Road racing
- Short track motor racing
- Slalom
- Sprint car racing
- Sprinting
- Street racing
- Time Attack
Use of flags
In open-wheel, stock-car and other types of circuit auto races, flags are displayed to indicate the general status of a race and to communicate instructions to competitors in a race. This page is about the sport as practiced in the United States Autograss racing is Britain ’s most popular form of amateur Motor racing. Banger racing or enduro racing is a tarmac or Dirt track racing type of Motorsport event popularised in Europe and especially Great UniontownPennsylvaniaBoardTrack1916Constructionjpg|thumb|right|Construction of a board track in Uniontown Pennsylvania in 1916]] Board track, or motordrome, Demolition derby is a motor-sport usually presented at County fairs and festivals This article concerns auto racing motorcycles, horses, and dogs also race on dirt tracks This article concerns auto racing motorcycles, horses, and dogs also race on dirt tracks refers to a driving technique and to a motor sport where the driver intentionally skids the rear tires through turns preserving vehicle control and a high exit speed Folkrace is a popular inexpensive and entry-level form of Swedish Rallycross that originally came from Finland, where it was called jokamiesluokka The High Performance Drivers Education (HPDE refers to driving schools held on dedicated race tracks designed to teach drivers proper high speed driving techniques Hillclimbing (also known as hill climbing, speed hillclimbing or speed hill climbing) is a branch of Motorsport in which drivers compete against Ice racing is a form of motor racing It utilizes cars, Motorcycles Snowmobiles All-terrain vehicles or other motorized vehicles Legends car racing is a style of race car, designed primarily to promote exciting racing and to keep costs down Midget cars are very small Race cars with a very high Power-to-weight ratios and typically using Four-cylinder engines Despite their name they are fully Truck racing is a form of motor racing which involves modified versions of heavy trucks on racing circuits. For the PlayStation videogame based on this autosport see Rally Cross. Road racing can be a term involving Road running, road bicycle races, or Automobile races In North American Auto racing, particularly with regard to NASCAR, a short track is a Racetrack of less than one mile (1 Sprint cars are high-powered race cars designed primarily for the purpose of running on short oval or circular dirt or paved tracks Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as Street racing is a form of unsanctioned and illegal Auto racing which takes place on Public roads Street racing can either be spontaneous or well-planned A time attack is another term for Time trial. The term is commonly used in Japan for individual time trial events for motor vehicles that involves a vehicle running around the Racing flags are traditionally used in Auto racing and similar motorsports to communicate important messages to drivers While the flags have changed from the first years (e. g. red used to start a race), these are generally accepted for today.
| Flag | Displayed from start tower | Displayed from observation post |
|---|---|---|
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The race has started or resumed after a full caution or stop, or the race is proceeding normally. | End of hazardous section of track. |
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Full course caution condition for ovals. On road courses, it means a local area of caution. Depending on the type of racing, either two yellow flags will be used for a full course caution or a sign with 'SC' (Safety car) will be used as the field follows the pace/safety car on track and no cars may pass. In Motorsport, a safety car or pace car is a car which limits the speed of competing cars on a racetrack in the case of a caution period such In Motorsport, a safety car or pace car is a car which limits the speed of competing cars on a racetrack in the case of a caution period such | Local caution condition — no cars may pass at the particular corner where being displayed. |
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Debris or slippery patches on the track. | |
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The car with the indicated number must pit for consultation. | The session is halted; all cars on course must return to pit lane. |
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The car with the indicated number has mechanical trouble. | |
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The driver of the car with the indicated number has been penalized for misbehaviour. | |
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The driver of the car with the indicated number is disqualified or will not be scored until they report to the pits. | |
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A car must allow another car to pass if the flag is blue only. With an orange or yellow stripe, it simply serves as a warning that faster traffic is behind. SCCA Check mirrors/ faster traffic coming | A car is being advised to give way to faster traffic approaching. |
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The race is stopped—all cars must halt on the track or return to pit lane. | |
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One lap remains. SCCA Slow vehicle on Track. | A slow vehicle is on the track. |
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The race has concluded. |
Accidents
For the worst accident in racing history see 1955 Le Mans disaster. The 1955 Le Mans disaster occurred during the 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans when a racing car involved in an accident flew into the crowd killing the driver ( Pierre Levegh (See also Deaths in motorsports)
Racing car setup
In auto racing, the racing setup or car setup is the set of adjustments made to the vehicle in order to optimize its behaviour (performance, handling, reliability, etc. As Auto racing is a dangerous sport many individuals (including drivers crew members officials and spectators have been killed in crashes related to the sport either in a race in In Auto racing, the racing setup or car setup is the set of adjustments made to the vehicle in order to optimize its behaviour (performance handling, reliability In Auto racing, the racing setup or car setup is the set of adjustments made to the vehicle in order to optimize its behaviour (performance handling, reliability Car handling and vehicle handling is a description of the way wheeled vehicles perform transverse to their direction of motion particularly during cornering and swerving ). Adjustments can occur in suspensions, brakes, transmissions, engines, tires, and many others. Suspension is the term given to the system of springs, Shock absorbers and linkages that connects a Vehicle to its Wheels Suspension A brake is a device for slowing or stopping the motion of a Machine or Vehicle, or alternatively a device to restrain it from starting to move again An engine is a mechanical device that produces some form of output from a given input This article is about tires used on road Vehicles including pneumatic tires and solid tires.
See also
- Car handling
- Composite materials
- Engine tuning
- Import scene
- List of auto racing tracks
- Race track
- Racing game
- Sim racing
- Trans-oriental Rally
References
- ^ "F1 World’s most watched TV sports events: 2006 Rank & Trends report", Initiative, 2007-01-19. Car handling and vehicle handling is a description of the way wheeled vehicles perform transverse to their direction of motion particularly during cornering and swerving Composite materials (or composites for short are engineered Materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical Engine tuning is the adjustment modification or design of Internal combustion engines to yield optimal performance either in terms of power output or economy The Import scene or Import racing scene refers to the Subculture that revolves around modifying imported brand cars (commonly referred to as imports especially This is a list of Auto racing tracks sorted by country Argentina Autódromo 9 de Julio, 9 de Julio, Buenos Aires A race track (or 'racetrack' or 'racing track' is a purpose-built facility for Racing of animals (eg Many Board games can be said to be racing games such as Snakes and Ladders, Cribbage, or Formula Dé. Sim ( simulated) racing is the collective term for Computer software (i The Trans-oriental Rally was a motor rally which started in St Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Retrieved on 2007-01-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain
- ^ NHRA Mile High Nationals 2001, and 2002 testing from the National Seismology Center.
External links
- RaceDrive.com - An Online Motorsports Directory Covering all areas of Motorsport
- WRC.com - Official site of World Rally Championship
- Motorsport team at grass roots level
- NJ Auto Racing Nostalgia/History
- Internet broadcast provider of IndyCar 2008
Sanctioning bodies
- The FIA - The Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile site
- Grand American Road Racing Association
- International Hot Rod Association
- International Motor Sports Association (IMSA)
- Indy Racing League (IRL)
- National Auto Sport Association
- National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR)
- National Hot Rod Association
- Sports Car Club of America
- United States Auto Club
Other
- Racetrack Database Racetrack information and locations.
- Revvs.net Motorsport Fans Networking.
Dictionary
auto racing
-noun
- (auto racing) Any of various sports in which automobiles (motor cars) are raced, either around a track, on roads or across country
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