Audrey Hepburn
from the trailer for the film Roman Holiday (1953)
Born	Audrey Kathleen Ruston May 4, 1929(1929-05-04) Brussels, Belgium
Died	January 20, 1993 (aged 63) Tolochenaz, Switzerland
Other name(s)	Edda van Heemstra
Years active	1948–1989
Spouse(s)	Mel Ferrer (1954–1968) Andrea Dotti (1969–1982)
Official website

Audrey Hepburn (May 4, 1929(1929-05-04) – January 20, 1993) was an English Academy Award-, Tony Award-, Grammy Award-, and Emmy Award-winning film and stage actress, fashion icon, and humanitarian. Roman Holiday is a 1953 Romantic comedy. The film introduced American audiences to Belgian-born actress Audrey Hepburn, who won the Academy Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Tolochenaz is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges. The year 1948 in film involved some significant events Events Laurence Olivier 's Hamlet becomes the Events Actress Kim Basinger and her brother Mick purchase Braselton Georgia for $20 million Mel Ferrer ( August 25 1917 – June 2 2008) was an American Actor, Film director and Film producer Andrea Dotti (born 1938 died October 2007 was an Italian Psychiatrist, however he was better know as the second husband of Audrey Hepburn. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences In 1999, she was ranked as the third greatest female star of all time by the American Film Institute. Part of the AFI 100 Years series, AFI's 100 Years 100 Stars is a list of the top 50 stars of American cinema The American Film Institute ( AFI) is an independent Non-profit organization created by the National Endowment for the Arts, which was established in 1967 She also served as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador and was honoured with the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her work. This is a list of UNICEF Goodwill Ambassadors, who work on behalf of the United Nations Children's Fund. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is a decoration bestowed by the President of the United States and is along with the equivalent Congressional Gold Medal bestowed

Early life

Born Audrey Kathleen Ruston^[1] on Rue Keyenveld/Keienveldstraat in Ixelles/Elsene, a municipality in Brussels, Belgium, she was the only child of the Englishman Joseph Victor Anthony Ruston^[2] and his second wife, the former Baroness Ella van Heemstra, a Dutch aristocrat, who was a daughter of a former governor of Dutch Guiana. Elsene ( Dutch) or Ixelles ( French) is one of the nineteen municipalities located in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium Elsene ( Dutch) or Ixelles ( French) is one of the nineteen municipalities located in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those An only child is a child with no Siblings, either Biological or adopted. Van Heemstra may refer to Baroness Ella van Heemstra, mother of actress Audrey Hepburn. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. Aristocracy is a form of Government, where rule is established through an internal struggle over who has the most status and influence over society and internal relations Suriname ( Dutch: Suriname; Sranan Tongo: Sranan) officially the Republic of Suriname (traditionally spelled Surinam by ^[2]

Her father later prepended the surname of his maternal grandmother, Kathleen Hepburn, to the family's and her surname became Hepburn-Ruston. ^[2]

She had two half-brothers, Jonkheer Arnoud Robert Alexander "Alex" Quarles van Ufford and Jonkheer Ian Edgar Bruce Quarles van Ufford, by her mother's first marriage to a Dutch nobleman, Jonkheer Hendrik Gustaaf Adolf Quarles van Ufford. Jonkheer (female equivalent Jonkvrouw is a Dutch Honorific of nobility ^[2]

She was a descendant of King Edward III of England^[3] and Mary Queen of Scots' consort, James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell,^[2] from whom Katharine Hepburn may have also descended. Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland James Hepburn 1st Duke of Orkney (c 1534 – 14 April 1578) better known by his inherited title as 4th Earl of Bothwell, was Hereditary Lord High Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12 1907 – June 29 2003 was an American actress of film television and stage ^[4] This also made her related to the other notable distant cousins including Humphrey Bogart and Prince Rainier III of Monaco. Rainier III Prince of Monaco (Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi 31 May 1923 &ndash 6 April 2005) styled His Serene Highness

Hepburn's father's job with a British insurance company meant the family travelled often between Brussels, England, and The Netherlands. Insurance, in Law and Economics, is a form of Risk management primarily used to hedge against the Risk of a contingent loss Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands From 1935 to 1938, Hepburn attended a boarding school for girls in Kent. KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format

In 1935, her parents divorced and her father, a Nazi sympathizer,^[5] left the family. ^[6] (Both parents were members of the British Union of Fascists in the mid-1930s according to Unity Mitford, a friend of Ella van Heemstra and a follower of Adolf Hitler. The British Union of Fascists (BUF was a Political party in the United Kingdom formed in 1932 by a Labour government minister and former MP Unity Valkyrie Mitford ( 8 August, 1914 – 28 May, 1948) was one of the noted Mitford sisters. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately )^[7]

She later called her father's abandonment the most traumatic moment of her life. Years later, she located him in Dublin through the Red Cross. Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an International humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers worldwide who stated Although he remained emotionally detached, she stayed in contact with him and supported him financially until his death. ^[8]

In 1939, her mother moved her and her two half-brothers to their grandfather's home in Arnhem in the Netherlands. Arnhem ( ( South Guelderish: Èrnem) is a city and Municipality, situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands. Ella believed the Netherlands would be safe from German attack. Hepburn attended the Arnhem Conservatory from 1939 to 1945, where she trained in ballet along with the standard school curriculum.

In 1940, the Germans invaded the Netherlands. The Battle of the Netherlands (Slag om Nederland was part of Case Yellow (Fall Gelb the German invasion of the Low Countries ( Belgium During the Nazi occupation, Hepburn adopted the pseudonym Edda van Heemstra, modifying her mother's documents because an 'English sounding' name was considered dangerous. This was never her legal name. Legal name is often the Name which an individual is called at birth or which appears on their Birth certificate (see Birth name) or The name Edda was a version of her mother's name Ella^[9]

By 1944, Hepburn had become a proficient ballerina. She secretly danced for groups of people to collect money for the Dutch resistance. Dutch Resistance to the Nazi occupation during World War II developed relatively slowly but its counterintelligence domestic sabotage and communications networks She later said, "the best audience I ever had made not a single sound at the end of my performance. "^[10]

After the Allied landing on D-Day, living conditions grew worse. During the Dutch famine over the winter of 1944, the Germans confiscated the Dutch people's limited food and fuel supply for themselves. The Dutch famine of 1944 (known as hongerwinter ("Hunger winter" in Dutch was a Famine that took place in the Netherlands during the winter People starved and froze to death in the streets.

Hepburn and many others resorted to making flour out of tulip bulbs to bake cakes and biscuits. ^[5][11]

Arnhem was devastated by Allied artillery fire that was part of Operation Market Garden. Artillery (from French artillerie) is a military Combat Arm which employs any apparātus machine Operation Market Garden ( September 17, 1944 – September 25, 1944) was an Allied military operation fought in the Netherlands Hepburn's uncle and her mother's cousin were shot in front of Hepburn for being part of the Resistance. Resistance during World War II occurred in every occupied country by a variety of means ranging from non-cooperation disinformation and propaganda to hiding crashed pilots

Hepburn's half-brother Ian van Ufford spent time in a German labour camp. Arbeitslager is a German language word which means Labor camp. Suffering from malnutrition, Hepburn developed acute anemia, respiratory problems, and oedema. Malnutrition is a general term for a medical condition caused by an improper or insufficient diet. Anemia ( AmE) or anæmia/anaemia ( BrE) (from the Ancient Greek grc-Latn anaîmia, meaning “without blood” is defined as a qualitative Oedema (or Edema in American English formerly known as dropsy or hydropsy, is the increase of Interstitial fluid in any organ &mdash swelling ^[12]

In 1991, Hepburn said "I have memories. More than once I was at the station seeing trainloads of Jews being transported, seeing all these faces over the top of the wagon. I remember, very sharply, one little boy standing with his parents on the platform, very pale, very blond, wearing a coat that was much too big for him, and he stepped on to the train. I was a child observing a child. "

Hepburn also noted the similarities between herself and Anne Frank: "I was exactly the same age as Anne Frank. Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank ( (12 June 1929 – early March 1945 was a Jewish girl born in the city of Frankfurt am Main in Weimar Germany We were both ten when war broke out and fifteen when the war finished. I was given the book in Dutch, in galley form, in 1946 by a friend. I read it – and it destroyed me. It does this to many people when they first read it but I was not reading it as a book, as printed pages. This was my life. I didn't know what I was going to read. I've never been the same again, it affected me so deeply. "

"We saw reprisals. We saw young men put against the wall and shot and they'd close the street and then open it and you could pass by again. If you read the diary, I've marked one place where she says 'five hostages shot today'. That was the day my uncle was shot. And in this child's words I was reading about what was inside me and is still there. It was a catharsis for me. This child who was locked up in four walls had written a full report of everything I'd experienced and felt. "

These times were not all bad and she was able to enjoy some of her childhood. Again drawing parallels to Anne Frank's life, Hepburn said "This spirit of survival is so strong in Anne Frank's words. One minute she says 'I'm so depressed'. The next she is longing to ride a bicycle. She is certainly a symbol of the child in very difficult circumstances, which is what I devote all my time to. She transcends her death. "

One way in which Audrey Hepburn passed the time was by drawing. Some of her childhood artwork can be seen today. ^[13]

When the country was liberated, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration trucks followed. The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA was proposed to the United States Congress by president Franklin Delano Roosevelt on June ^[14] Hepburn said in an interview she ate an entire can of condensed milk and then got sick from one of her first relief meals because she put too much sugar in her oatmeal. Condensed milk, also known as sweetened condensed milk, is cow's milk from which Water has been removed and to which Sugar has been added yielding ^[15] This experience is what led her to become involved in UNICEF later in life. ^[5][11]

Early career

In 1945, after the war, Hepburn left the Arnhem Conservatory and moved to Amsterdam, where she took ballet lessons with Sonia Gaskell. Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance ^[16] In 1948, Hepburn went to London and took dancing lessons with the renowned Marie Rambert. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Dame Marie Rambert ( 20 February 1888 &ndash 12 June 1982) was a Polish-Jewish dancer and dance pedagogue who exerted a great influence

Hepburn eventually asked Rambert about her future. Rambert assured her that she could continue to work there and have a great career, but the fact she was relatively tall (1. 7 m, or 5'7") coupled with her poor nutrition during the war would keep her from becoming a prima ballerina. Hepburn trusted Rambert's assessment and decided to pursue acting, a career in which she at least had a chance to excel. ^[17]

After Hepburn became a star, Rambert said in an interview, "she was a wonderful learner. If she had wanted to persevere, she might have become an outstanding ballerina. "^[18]

Hepburn's mother was working menial jobs to support them and Hepburn needed to find a paying job. Since she had trained all her life to be a performer, acting seemed a sensible career. She said "I needed the money; it paid ₤3 more than ballet jobs. "^[19]

Her acting career started with the educational film Dutch in Seven Lessons. An educational film is a Film or movie whose primary purpose is to Educate. Dutch in Seven Lessons, originally entitled Nederlands in 7 lessen is a film produced in the Netherlands in 1948. She then played in musical theatre in productions such as High Button Shoes and Sauce Piquante. Musical theatre is a form of Theatre combining Music, Songs spoken Dialogue and Dance. High Button Shoes is a musical with music by Jule Styne, lyrics by Sammy Cahn and book by George Abbott and Stephen Longstreet

Hepburn's first role in a motion picture was in the British film One Wild Oat in which she played a hotel receptionist. The United Kingdom has been influential in the technological, commercial and artistic development of cinema. One Wild Oat is a 1951 British film starring Stanley Holloway, Robertson Hare and Sam Costa with a notable appearance by She played several more minor roles in Young Wives' Tale, Laughter in Paradise, The Lavender Hill Mob, and Monte Carlo Baby. Young Wives' Tale is a 1951 British film directed by Henry Cass. Laughter in Paradise is the title of a noted British comedy film with a stellar cast released in 1951. The Lavender Hill Mob is a 1951 Comedy film from Ealing Studios, written by T Monte Carlo Baby is the title of a British comedy film first released in 1951 co-directed by Jean Boyer and Lester Fuller.

During the filming of Monte Carlo Baby Hepburn was chosen to play the lead character in the Broadway play Gigi that opened on 24 November 1951, at the Fulton Theatre and ran for 219 performances. Monte Carlo Baby is the title of a British comedy film first released in 1951 co-directed by Jean Boyer and Lester Fuller. Gigi (1951 was a popular Broadway play based on Colette 's 1945 novel of the same name, starring Audrey Hepburn in the Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January The Fulton Theatre was a Broadway Theatre located at 210 W 46th Street in New York which was opened in 1911 and subsequently re-named the Helen Hayes Theatre in 1955

The writer Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette upon first seeing Hepburn reportedly said 'voilà! There's our Gigi!'^[20] She won a Theatre World Award for her debut performance and it had a successful six month run. Colette was the pen name of the French Novelist Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette ( January 28 1873 &ndash August 3 The Theatre World Award, first awarded for the 1945-46 season is an American honor presented annually to actors and actresses in recognition of an outstanding New York

From Hepburn's Roman Holiday screentest which was also used in the promotional trailer for the film. Roman Holiday is a 1953 Romantic comedy. The film introduced American audiences to Belgian-born actress Audrey Hepburn, who won the Academy

Her first significant film performance was in the 1952 film Secret People, in which she played a prodigy ballerina. The Secret People is the title of a 1952 film starring Audrey Hepburn in her first major starring role in a film (just prior to her discovery by Hollywood Naturally, Hepburn did all of her own dancing scenes.

Hepburn's first starring role and first American film was opposite Gregory Peck in the Hollywood motion picture Roman Holiday. Gregory Peck (April 5 1916 &ndash June 12 2003 was an Academy Award -winning and four-time Golden Globe Award-winning American Film Roman Holiday is a 1953 Romantic comedy. The film introduced American audiences to Belgian-born actress Audrey Hepburn, who won the Academy Producers initially wanted Elizabeth Taylor for the role, but director William Wyler was so impressed by Hepburn's screen test (the camera was left on and candid footage of Hepburn relaxing and answering questions, unaware that she was still being filmed, displayed her talents), that he cast her in the lead. Dame Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor, DBE (born 27 February 1932) is a two-time Academy Award -winning English-American actress William Wyler ( July 1, 1902 – July 27, 1981) was a four-time Academy Award -winning motion picture director For the BBC TV series see Screen Test. A screen test is a method of determining the suitability of an Actor or actress for

Wyler said, "She had everything I was looking for: charm, innocence and talent. She also was very funny. She was absolutely enchanting, and we said, 'That's the girl!'"^[21]

The movie was to have had Gregory Peck's name above the title in large font with "introducing Audrey Hepburn" beneath. After filming had been completed, Peck called his agent and, predicting correctly that Hepburn would win the Oscar for Best Actress, had the billing changed so that her name also appeared before the title in type as large as his. Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to

Hepburn and Peck bonded during filming, and there were rumors that they were romantically involved; both denied it. Hepburn, however, added, "actually, you have to be a little bit in love with your leading man and vice versa. Leading man or leading gentleman is an informal term for the Actor who plays a love interest to the Leading actress in a film or play If you're going to portray love, you have to feel it. You can't do it any other way. But you don't carry it beyond the set. "^[22]

Because of the instant celebrity that came with Roman Holiday, Hepburn's illustration was placed on the September 7, 1953, cover of TIME. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and

Hepburn's performance received much critical praise. A. H. Weiler noted in The New York Times, "Although she is not precisely a newcomer to films, Audrey Hepburn, the British actress who is being starred for the first time as Princess Ann, is a slender, elfin, and wistful beauty, alternately regal and childlike in her profound appreciation of newly-found, simple pleasures and love. Although she bravely smiles her acknowledgment of the end of that affair, she remains a pitifully lonely figure facing a stuffy future. "^[23] Hepburn would later call Roman Holiday her dearest movie, because it was the one that made her a star.

After filming Roman Holiday for four months, Hepburn went back to New York and did eight months of Gigi. The play was performed in Los Angeles and San Francisco in its last month. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city

She was given a seven-picture contract with Paramount with twelve months in between films to allow her time for stage work. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. ^[24].

Hollywood stardom

Hepburn in War and Peace (1956)

After Roman Holiday, she filmed Billy Wilder's Sabrina with Humphrey Bogart and William Holden. Billy Wilder ( June 22, 1906 – March 27, 2002) was an Austrian born Jewish - American Journalist Sabrina is a 1954 film directed by Billy Wilder, adapted for the screen by Wilder Samuel A William Holden ( April 17, 1918 &ndash November 12, 1981) was an Academy Award -winning American film Actor Hepburn was sent to fashion designer Hubert de Givenchy to decide on her wardrobe. Fashion design is the Applied art dedicated to Clothing and lifestyle Accessories created within the cultural and social influences of a specific time Count Hubert James Marcel Taffin de Givenchy (born February 20, 1927) is a French aristocrat and Fashion designer who founded the The

When told that "Miss Hepburn" was coming to see him, Givenchy famously expected to see Katharine. Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12 1907 – June 29 2003 was an American actress of film television and stage He was not disappointed with Audrey, however, and they formed a lifelong friendship and partnership.

During the filming of Sabrina, Hepburn and the already married Holden became romantically involved and she hoped to marry him and have children. She broke off the relationship when Holden revealed that he had had a vasectomy. Vasectomy is a surgical procedure in which the vasa deferentia of a man are cut for the purpose of sterilization. ^[25][26]

In 1954, Audrey went back to the stage to play the water sprite in Ondine in a performance with Mel Ferrer, whom she would wed later that year. For the plant species see Ceratopteris thalictroides (given an honourable name for its purpose in Hydroculture. Mel Ferrer ( August 25 1917 – June 2 2008) was an American Actor, Film director and Film producer During the run of the play, Hepburn was awarded the Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture Actress and the Academy Award, both for Roman Holiday. The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to

Six weeks after receiving the Oscar, Hepburn was awarded the Tony Award for Best Actress for Ondine. The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented Hepburn is one of only three actresses to receive a Best Actress Oscar and Best Actress Tony in the same year (the other two being Shirley Booth and Ellen Burstyn). Shirley Booth ( August 30 1898 – October 16 1992) was an American Actress. Ellen Burstyn (born December 7, 1932) is an American Academy Award -winning actress

By the mid-1950s, Hepburn was not only one of the biggest motion picture stars in Hollywood, but also a major fashion influence. Her gamine and elfin appearance and widely recognized sense of chic were both admired and imitated. See also List of chics. Chic is an element of fashion and the counterpart of posh. In 1955, she was awarded the Golden Globe for World Film Favorite - Female.

Having become one of Hollywood's most popular box-office attractions, Hepburn co-starred with actors such as Humphrey Bogart in Sabrina, Henry Fonda in War and Peace, Fred Astaire in Funny Face, Maurice Chevalier and Gary Cooper in Love in the Afternoon, Anthony Perkins in Green Mansions, Burt Lancaster and Lillian Gish in The Unforgiven, Shirley MacLaine and James Garner in The Children's Hour, George Peppard in Breakfast at Tiffany's, Cary Grant in Charade, Rex Harrison in My Fair Lady, Peter O'Toole in How to Steal a Million and Sean Connery in Robin and Marian. A box office is a place where tickets are sold to the public for Admission to a venue Sabrina is a 1954 film directed by Billy Wilder, adapted for the screen by Wilder Samuel A Henry Jaynes Fonda ( May 16, 1905 – August 12, 1982) was an American Academy Award -winning Film and War and Peace is the first English film version of the novel War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy. Fred Astaire (born Frederick Austerlitz; May 10, 1899 &ndash June 22, 1987) was an American Academy Award This article is about the musical film For an unrelated 1971 CBS sitcom see Funny Face (TV series. Maurice Auguste Chevalier ( September 12, 1888 &ndash January 1, 1972) was a French Actor, Singer, and Frank James “Gary” Cooper (May 7 &ndashMay 13) was an American film actor and iconic star Love in the Afternoon is a 1957 romantic comedy starring Audrey Hepburn, Gary Cooper, and Maurice Chevalier, and directed by Billy Wilder Anthony Perkins ( April 4, 1932 – September 12, 1992) was an Academy Award -nominated Golden Globe -winning American For the 1959 Audrey Hepburn film of this title see Green Mansions (film. Burton Stephen "Burt" Lancaster ( 2 November &ndash 20 October) was an American film Actor and star noted for his athletic physique Lillian Diana Gish ( October 14 1893 – February 27 1993) was an American stage screen and television actress whose Shirley MacLaine (born April 24, 1934) is an American Academy Award -winning Film and Theater Actress, well-known James Garner (born April 7 1928 is an American Film and Emmy -award winning Television Actor. George Peppard Jr (October 1 1928 – May 8 1994) was an American Film and Television Actor. Breakfast at Tiffany's is a 1961 American film starring Audrey Hepburn and George Peppard, and featuring Patricia Neal, Charade is a film written by Peter Stone and Marc Behm, directed by Stanley Donen, and starring Cary Grant and Audrey Hepburn Sir Reginald “Rex” Carey Harrison (5 March 1908 - 2 June 1990 was an English Academy Award and Tony Award -winning Theatre and My Fair Lady is a musical Film adaptation of the Lerner and Loewe stage musical My Fair Lady, based in turn on the play Peter O'Toole (born 2 August 1932) is an Irish and British actor who achieved instant stardom in 1962 playing T How to Steal a Million ( 1966) is an art-heist movie, directed by William Wyler, starring Peter O'Toole as Simon Dermott caught Sir Thomas Sean Connery (born August 25 1930) is an Academy Award - Golden Globe - and BAFTA Award -winning Scottish Robin and Marian is a 1976 British and American co-produced romantic adventure period film starring Sean Connery as Robin

Many of her leading men became very close to her. Rex Harrison called Audrey his favourite leading lady (many accounts indicate that she became great friends with British actress and dancer Kay Kendall, who was Harrison's wife); Cary Grant loved to humor her and once said, "All I want for Christmas is another picture with Audrey Hepburn;"^[27] and Gregory Peck became a lifelong friend. Kay Kendall ( May 21, 1926 - September 6, 1959) was a Golden Globe Award -winning English actress

After her death, Peck went on camera and tearfully recited her favorite poem, "Unending Love" by Rabindranath Tagore. ^[28]

Some believe Bogart and Hepburn did not get along, but this is untrue. Bogart got along better with Hepburn than anyone else on set. She later said, "Sometimes it's the so-called 'tough guys' that are the most tender hearted, as Bogey was with me. "^[29]

Funny Face in 1957 was one of Hepburn's favorites because she got to dance with Fred Astaire. Then in 1959's The Nun's Story came one of her most daring roles. The Nun's Story is the title of a dramatic film that was released by Warner Bros Films in Review stated: "Her performance will forever silence those who have thought her less an actress than a symbol of the sophisticated child/woman. Her portrayal of Sister Luke is one of the great performances of the screen. "^[30].

Otto Frank even asked her to play his daughter Anne onscreen counterpart in the 1959 film The Diary of Anne Frank but Hepburn, who was born the same year as Anne, felt too old to play a teenager. Otto Heinrich Frank ( May 12, 1889 &ndash August 19, 1980) was the father of Anne Frank and Margot Frank. Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank ( (12 June 1929 – early March 1945 was a Jewish girl born in the city of Frankfurt am Main in Weimar Germany The role was eventually given to Millie Perkins. Millie Perkins (born May 12, 1938 in Passaic New Jersey) is an American film and television Actress.

Hepburn's Holly Golightly in 1961's Breakfast at Tiffany's became an iconic character in American cinema. United States cinema has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century She called the role "the jazziest of my career". ^[31]

Asked about the acting challenge of the role, she replied, "I'm an introvert. Playing the extroverted girl was the hardest thing I ever did. "^[32] She wore trendy clothing in the film designed by her and Givenchy and added blonde streaks to her brown hair, a look that she would keep off-screen as well. Brown hair is the second most common Hair color, with black being the most common

Hepburn had established herself as one of Hollywood's most popular actresses. Marilyn Monroe was not the only one to sing "Happy Birthday, Mr. Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson, June 1 1926 &ndash August 5 1962 baptized Norma President" to President John F Kennedy on his birthday. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of

For Kennedy's next (and last) birthday on May 29, 1963, Hepburn, the President's favorite actress, sang "Happy Birthday, Dear Jack" to him. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[33] She preferred a quiet life with family and nature. She lived in houses, not mansions, and loved to garden.

Hepburn in a scene from the comic thriller Charade (1963). Charade is a film written by Peter Stone and Marc Behm, directed by Stanley Donen, and starring Cary Grant and Audrey Hepburn

In 1963, Hepburn starred in Charade, her first and only film with Cary Grant, who had previously withdrawn from the starring roles in Roman Holiday and Sabrina. He was sensitive as to their age difference and requested a script change so that Hepburn's character would aggressively pursue his.

In 1964, Hepburn starred in My Fair Lady which was said to be the most anticipated movie since Gone with the Wind. Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American dramatic - romantic - War film adapted from Margaret Mitchell 's 1936 ^[34]

Hepburn was cast as Eliza Doolittle instead of then-unknown Julie Andrews, who had originated the role on Broadway. Dame Julie Elizabeth Andrews, DBE (born Julia Elizabeth Wells on October 1 1935) is an award-winning English Actress " On Broadway " is a song written by Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil in collaboration with the team of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. The decision not to cast Andrews was made before Hepburn was chosen. Hepburn initially refused the role and asked Jack Warner to give it to Andrews, but when informed that it would either be her or Elizabeth Taylor, who was also vying for the part, she accepted the role. This article is about Jack Warner the head of Warner Brothers Dame Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor, DBE (born 27 February 1932) is a two-time Academy Award -winning English-American actress

According to an article in Soundstage magazine, "Everyone agreed that if Julie Andrews was not to be in the film, Audrey Hepburn was the perfect choice. "^[34] Julie Andrews had yet to make Mary Poppins, which was released within the same year as My Fair Lady. Mary Poppins is a 1964 American Musical film starring Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke and produced by

Hepburn recorded vocals, but subsequently discovered a professional "singing double" Marni Nixon had overdubbed all of her songs. Marni Nixon (born February 22 1930) is an American Soprano whose renown for dubbing the singing voices of featured actresses in well known Movie She walked off the set after being told, but returned early the next day to apologize for her behavior.

Footage of several songs with Hepburn's original vocals still exist and have been included in documentaries and the DVD release of the film, though to date, only Nixon's renditions have been released on LP and CD.

Some of her original vocals remained in the film, such as "Just You Wait" and snippets from "I Could Have Danced All Night". When asked about the dubbing of an actress with such distinctive vocal tones, Hepburn frowned and said, "You could tell, couldn't you? And there was Rex, recording all his songs as he acted. . . next time-" She bit her lip to keep from saying any more. ^[32]

Aside from the dubbing, many critics agreed that Hepburn's performance was excellent. Gene Ringgold said, "Audrey Hepburn is magnificent. She is Eliza for the ages. "^[34]

The controversy over Hepburn's casting reached its height at the 1964–65 Academy Awards season, when Hepburn was not nominated for best actress while Andrews was, for Mary Poppins. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The media tried to play up a rivalry between the two actresses as the ceremony approached, even though both women denied any such bad feelings existed and got along well. Andrews won the award.

Two for the Road was a non-linear and innovative movie about divorce. Two for the Road is a 1967 movie directed by Stanley Donen about the twelve-year relationship between an architect ( Albert Finney) Director Stanley Donen said that Hepburn was more free and happy than he had ever seen her, and he credited that to Albert Finney. Stanley Donen (born April 13, 1924) is an American film director and Choreographer hailed by David Quinlan as "the King of the Hollywood Albert Finney Jr (born 9 May 1936 is a five-time Academy Award -nominated and Emmy Award -winning English Actor. ^[35]

Wait Until Dark in 1967 was a difficult film. Wait Until Dark is a play by Frederick Knott. The mystery thriller 's Heroine is Susy Hendrix a blind Greenwich Village It was an edgy thriller in which Hepburn played the part of a blind woman being terrorized. In addition, it was produced by Mel Ferrer and filmed on the brink of their divorce. Hepburn is said to have lost fifteen pounds under the stress. On the bright side, she found co-star Richard Crenna to be very funny, and she had a lot to laugh about with director Terence Young. Richard Donald Crenna ( November 30, 1926 – January 17, 2003) was an American Film, Television and Terence Young is the name of Terence Young (director (1915-1994 British film director Terence Young (politician, Canadian Conservative

They both joked that he had shelled his favorite star 23 years before; he had been a British Army tank commander during the Battle of Arnhem. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. Operation Market Garden ( September 17, 1944 – September 25, 1944) was an Allied military operation fought in the Netherlands Hepburn's performance was nominated for an Academy Award.

From 1967 onward, after fifteen highly successful years in film, Hepburn acted only occasionally. After her divorce from Ferrer, she married Italian psychiatrist Dr. A psychiatrist (also archaically called an alienist) is a Physician who specializes in Psychiatry and is certified in treating Mental disorders Andrea Dotti and had a second son, after a difficult pregnancy that required near-total bed rest. Bed rest is a Doctor's prescription to spend a longer period of time in bed

After her eventual separation from Dotti, she attempted a comeback, co-starring with Sean Connery in the period piece Robin and Marian in 1976, which was moderately successful. " Period piece " is phrase that is used to describe creative works

She reportedly turned down the tailor-made role of a world-famous ballerina in The Turning Point. The Turning Point ( 1977) was written by Arthur Laurents and directed by Herbert Ross. (Anne Bancroft got the part. Anne Bancroft ( September 17 1931 – June 6 2005) was an American method Actress. )

Hepburn finally returned to cinema in 1979, taking the leading role of Elizabeth Roffe in the international production of Bloodline, directed again by Terence Young, sharing top billing with Ben Gazzara -- with whom purportedly she had an affair on-set -- James Mason and Romy Schneider. Bloodline is a thriller motion picture released in 1979. Based upon the novel Bloodline by Sidney Sheldon, it was produced by Terence Young is the name of Terence Young (director (1915-1994 British film director Terence Young (politician, Canadian Conservative Biagio Anthony “Ben” Gazzara (born August 28, 1930) is an American Actor in Television and Motion pictures. James Neville Mason ( 15 May 1909 – 27 July 1984) was a three-time Academy Award -nominated British Actor who Romy Schneider (September 23 1938–May 29 1982 was an Austrian actress.

Author Sidney Sheldon revised his novel when it was reissued to tie into the film, making her character a much older woman to better match the actress' age. Sidney Sheldon ( February 11 1917 &ndash January 30 2007) was an Academy Award -winning American writer who won awards in The film, an international intrigue amid the jet-set, was a critical and box office failure. Jet Set was a Television programme in the UK It was presented by Eamonn Holmes, and it first started in 2001, on BBC television channel

Hepburn's last starring role in a cinematic film was with Ben Gazzara in the comedy They All Laughed, directed by Peter Bogdanovich. Biagio Anthony “Ben” Gazzara (born August 28, 1930) is an American Actor in Television and Motion pictures. For the 1937 song by George and Ira Gershwin see They All Laughed (song They All Laughed is a 1981 film directed by Peter Bogdanovich Peter Bogdanovich ( Serbian Cyrillic: Петар Богдановић Latin: Petar Bogdanović (born July 30, 1939, is an American The film was overshadowed by the murder of one of its stars, Bogdanovich's girlfriend, Dorothy Stratten; the film was released after Stratten's death but only in limited runs. Dorothy Stratten (28 February 1960 – 14 August 1980 was a Canadian model and actress

In 1987, she co-starred with Robert Wagner in a tongue-in-cheek made-for-television caper film, Love Among Thieves which borrowed elements from several of Hepburn's films, most notably Charade and How to Steal a Million. Robert John Wagner (born February 10, 1930) is a Golden Globe - nominated prolific American Film and Television Tongue-in-cheek is a term used to refer to humor in which a statement or an entire fictional work is not meant to be taken seriously but its lack of seriousness is subtle A heist film is a Film that has an intricate plot woven around a group of people trying to steal something Love Among Thieves was a made-for-television romantic-adventure motion picture that was produced by the ABC network in 1987 The TV film, which also starred Jerry Orbach as a villain, was only a moderate success, with Hepburn being quoted that she appeared in it just for fun. Jerome Bernard Orbach ( October 20 1935 – December 28 2004) was an American Tony Award -winning Actor,

Hepburn at age fifty-nine in Always

Hepburn's last role, a cameo appearance, was as an angel in Steven Spielberg's Always, filmed in 1988. Steven Allan Spielberg, KBE (Hon (born December 18 1946 is an American Film director, Screenwriter and producer. This film was only moderately successful. In the final months of her life, Hepburn completed two entertainment-related projects: she hosted a television documentary series entitled Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn, which debuted on PBS the day of her death, and she recorded a spoken word album, Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales featuring readings of classic children's stories, which would win her a posthumous Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt in one fashion or another to " Document " reality Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn was a nine-episode documentary television series first broadcast in 1993 debuting on January 21, 1993 The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the Spoken word is a form of literary Art or artistic performance in which Lyrics, Poetry, or stories are spoken rather than sung Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales is a 1992 album featuring classic children's stories read by actress Audrey Hepburn. The Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children has been awarded since 1994

Personal life

In 1952 she was engaged to the young James Hanson. James Edward Baron Hanson (born in Huddersfield on January 20 1922 &ndash November 1 2004) was an English conservative ^[36] She called it "love at first sight"; however, after having her wedding dress fitted and the date set, she decided the marriage would not work, because of the demands of their careers that would keep them apart most of the time. A wedding dress or wedding gown is Clothing worn by a Bride during a Wedding ceremony ^[37]

Hepburn married twice, first to American actor Mel Ferrer, and then to an Italian doctor, Andrea Dotti. An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works Mel Ferrer ( August 25 1917 – June 2 2008) was an American Actor, Film director and Film producer She had a son with each – Sean in 1960 by Ferrer, and Luca in 1970 by Dotti. Her elder son's godfather is the novelist A.J. Cronin, who resided near Hepburn in Lucerne. Archibald Joseph Cronin (19 July 1896–6 January 1981 was Lucerne ( Italian Lucerna) is a city in Switzerland. It is the capital of the Canton of Lucerne

Hepburn met Mel Ferrer at a party hosted by Gregory Peck. Gregory Peck (April 5 1916 &ndash June 12 2003 was an Academy Award -winning and four-time Golden Globe Award-winning American Film She had seen him in the film Lili and was captivated by his performance. Lili ( 1953) is an American film Considered one among many classic MGM releases it stars Leslie Caron as a touchingly naïve French ^[38] Ferrer later sent Hepburn the script for the play Ondine and Hepburn agreed to play the role. Rehearsals started in January 1954 and Hepburn and Ferrer were married on September 24. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. ^[39] Hepburn claimed that they were inseparable and were very happy together, despite the insistence from gossip columns that the marriage would not last. She did, however, admit that he had a bad temper. ^[40] Ferrer was rumored to be too controlling of Hepburn and was called her Svengali. Svengali is the name of a fictional character in George du Maurier 's 1894 novel Trilby. ^[41] William Holden was quoted as saying, "I think Audrey allows Mel to think he influences her. William Holden ( April 17, 1918 &ndash November 12, 1981) was an Academy Award -winning American film Actor "

Before having their first child, Hepburn had two miscarriages, the first in March 1955. In 1959, while filming The Unforgiven, she broke her back after falling off a horse onto a rock. The Unforgiven is an American Western film released in 1960. The troubled film was directed by John Huston and starred Burt She spent weeks in the hospital and later had a miscarriage that was said to have been induced by physical and mental stress. While she was resting at home, Mel Ferrer brought her the fawn from the movie Green Mansions to keep as a pet. Green Mansions is a 1959 American romantic Adventure film directed by Mel Ferrer. They called him Ip, short for Pippin. In 1965, she had another miscarriage. Hepburn was much more careful when she was pregnant with Luca in 1969; she rested for months and passed the time by painting before delivering Luca by caesarean section. A Caesarean section (or Cesarean section in American English) also known as C-section, is a form of Childbirth in which a surgical Hepburn had her final miscarriage in 1974. ^[42] Hepburn is famous for the poem "Time Tested Beauty Tips", which she used to recite to her sons. The poem includes verses such as, "For beautiful hair, let a child run his or her fingers through it once a day", and, "For a slim figure, share your food with the hungry. " The poem is popularly attributed to her, but it was in fact written by Sam Levenson. Sam Levenson ( December 28, 1911 - August 27, 1980) was an American humorist writer Television host and Journalist

Hepburn had several pets, including a Yorkshire Terrier named Mr. The Yorkshire Terrier (or known as a Yorkie) is a breed of small Dog in the Famous, who was hit by a car and killed. To cheer her up, Mel Ferrer got her another Yorkshire named Assam of Assam. She also kept Ip; they made a bed for him out of a bathtub. Sean Ferrer had a Cocker Spaniel named Cokey. When Hepburn was older, she had two Jack Russell Terriers.

The marriage to Ferrer lasted 14 years, until 5 December 1968; their son was quoted as saying that Hepburn had stayed in the marriage too long. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In the later years of the marriage, Ferrer was rumored to have had a girlfriend on the side, while Hepburn had an affair with her younger, Two for the Road co-star Albert Finney. She denied the rumours, but director Stanley Donen said, "with Albert Finney, she was like a new woman. Stanley Donen (born April 13, 1924) is an American film director and Choreographer hailed by David Quinlan as "the King of the Hollywood She and Albie have a wonderful thing together; they are like a couple of kids. When Mel wasn't on set, they sparkled. When Mel was there, it was funny. Audrey and Albie would go rather formal and a little awkward. ^[43] The couple separated before divorcing. During their separation, Hepburn lost weight.

She met Italian psychiatrist Andrea Dotti on a cruise and fell in love with him on a trip to some Greek ruins. A psychiatrist (also archaically called an alienist) is a Physician who specializes in Psychiatry and is certified in treating Mental disorders She believed she would have more children, and possibly stop working. She married him on 18 January 1969. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Although Dotti loved Hepburn and was well-liked by Sean, who called him "fun", he began having affairs with younger women. The marriage lasted thirteen years and ended in 1982, when Hepburn felt Luca and Sean were old enough to handle life with a single mother. Though Hepburn broke off all contact with Ferrer (she would only speak to him twice in the remainder of her life; at Sean's graduation and first wedding), she remained in touch with Dotti for the benefit of Luca. Andrea Dotti died in October 2007 from complications of a colonoscopy. Mel Ferrer died in June 2008 at age ninety.

At the time of her death, she was involved with Robert Wolders, a Dutch actor who was the widower of film star Merle Oberon. Robert Wolders (b 28 September 1936, Rotterdam) was a Dutch Television Actor. For other uses including various songs titled "Movie Star" see Movie star (disambiguation. Merle Oberon ( 19 February 1911 &ndash 23 November 1979) born Estelle Merle O'Brien Thompson, was an Academy Award She had met Wolders through a friend, in the later stage of her marriage to Dotti. After Hepburn's divorce was final, she and Wolders started their lives together, although they never married. In 1989, after nine years with him, she called them the happiest years of her life. "Took me long enough", she said in an interview with Barbara Walters. Barbara Jill Walters (born September 25 1929) is an American Journalist, writer and media Walters then asked why they never married. Hepburn replied that they were married, just not formally.

Death

In 1992, when Hepburn returned to Switzerland from her visit to Somalia, she began to feel abdominal pains. Abdominal pain can be one of the Symptoms associated with transient disorders or serious disease She went to specialists and received inconclusive results, so she decided to have it examined while on a trip to Los Angeles in October.

On November 1, doctors performed a laparoscopy and discovered abdominal cancer that had spread from her appendix. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi Laparoscopic surgery, also called Minimally invasive surgery (MIS, bandaid surgery, Keyhole surgery, or pinhole surgery Appendix cancer or appendiceal Cancer is a malignancy of the Vermiform appendix, accounting for about 1 in 200 of all gastrointestinal malignancies It had grown slowly over several years, and metastasized not as a tumor, but as a thin encasing over her small intestine. Metastasis ( Greek: displacement μετά=next + στάσις=placement, plural metastases) sometimes abbreviated mets, In Biology the small Intestine is the part of the Gastrointestinal tract (gut between the Stomach and the Large intestine, and comprises The doctors performed surgery and then put Hepburn through 5-fluorouracil Leucovorin chemotherapy. Fluorouracil (5-FU or f5U is a Pyrimidine analog, which is used as a drug in the treatment of Cancer. Folinic acid ( INN) or leucovorin ( USAN) generally administered as calcium folinate (or leucovorin calcium) is an Adjuvant

A few days later, she had an obstruction. Medication was not enough to dull the pain, so on December 1, she had a second surgery. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican After one hour, the surgeon decided that the cancer had spread too far and could not be removed.

Audrey Hepburn died of the cancer on January 20 1993 , in Tolochenaz, Vaud, Switzerland, and was interred there. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Tolochenaz is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges. The Canton of Vaud ( French pronunciation) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and is located in Romandy, the southwestern part of the Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation She was 63 years old.

Work for UNICEF

Soon after Hepburn's final film role, she was appointed a goodwill ambassador to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The United Nations Children's Fund (or UNICEF) was created by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946 Grateful for her own good fortune after enduring the German occupation as a child, she dedicated the remainder of her life to helping impoverished children in the poorest nations. Hepburn's travels were made easier by her wide knowledge of languages; she spoke French, Italian, English, Dutch, and Spanish.

Though she had done work for UNICEF in the 1950s, starting in 1954 with radio presentations, this was a much higher level of dedication. Those close to her say that the thoughts of dying, helpless children consumed her for the rest of her life. Her first Field Mission was to Ethiopia in 1988. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page She visited an orphanage in Mek'ele that housed 500 starving children and had UNICEF send food. Mekelle is a city and Woreda in northern Ethiopia Of the trip, she said, "I have a broken heart. I feel desperate. I can't stand the idea that two million people are in imminent danger of starving to death, many of them children, [and] [sic] not because there isn't tons of food sitting in the northern port of Shoa. It can't be distributed. Last spring, Red Cross and UNICEF workers were ordered out of the northern provinces because of two simultaneous civil wars. . . I went into rebel country and saw mothers and their children who had walked for ten days, even three weeks, looking for food, settling onto the desert floor into makeshift camps where they may die. Horrible. That image is too much for me. The 'Third World' is a term I don't like very much, because we're all one world. I want people to know that the largest part of humanity is suffering. "^[44]

In August 1988, Hepburn went to Turkey on an immunization campaign. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches She called Turkey "the loveliest example" of UNICEF's capabilities. Of the trip, she said, "the army gave us their trucks, the fishmongers gave their wagons for the vaccines, and once the date was set, it took ten days to vaccinate the whole country. Not bad. "

In October, Hepburn went to South America. In Venezuela and Ecuador, Hepburn told Congress, "I saw tiny mountain communities, slums, and shantytowns receive water systems for the first time by some miracle – and the miracle is UNICEF. Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Ecuador topics. I watched boys build their own schoolhouse with bricks and cement provided by UNICEF. "

Hepburn toured Central America in February 1989, and met with leaders in Honduras, El Salvador, and Guatemala. Honduras in Spanish, República de Honduras) is a democratic republic in Central America. El Salvador ( República de El Salvador,) is a country in Central America. Guatemala (República de Guatemala) is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west the Pacific Ocean to the southwest In April, Hepburn visited Sudan with Wolders as part of a mission called "Operation Lifeline". Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. Because of civil war, food from aid agencies had been cut off. An aid agency is an organisation dedicated to distributing Aid. The mission was to ferry food to southern Sudan. Southern Sudan is a region of Sudan, comprising ten of that country's states Hepburn said, "I saw but one glaring truth: These are not natural disasters but man-made tragedies for which there is only one man-made solution – peace. A natural disaster is the consequence of a Natural hazard (eg "

In October, Hepburn and Wolders went to Bangladesh. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially John Isaac, a UN photographer, said, "Often the kids would have flies all over them, but she would just go hug them. John Edmund Valentine Isaac ( 14 February 1880 &ndash 9 May 1915) DSO, was an English Cricketer: a right-handed I had never seen that. Other people had a certain amount of hesitation, but she would just grab them. Children would just come up to hold her hand, touch her – she was like the Pied Piper. The Pied Piper of Hamelin is a legend about the abduction of many children from the town of Hamelin ( Hameln) Germany. "

In October 1990, Hepburn went to Vietnam in an effort to collaborate with the government for national UNICEF-supported immunization and clean water programs. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Water of sufficient quality to serve as drinking water is termed potable water whether it is used for drinking or not

In September 1992, four months before she died, Hepburn went to Somalia. Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known Hepburn called it "apocalyptic" and said, "I walked into a nightmare. I have seen famine in Ethiopia and Bangladesh, but I have seen nothing like this – so much worse than I could possibly have imagined. I wasn't prepared for this. " "The earth is red – an extraordinary sight – that deep terra-cotta red. Terra cotta ( Italian: "baked earth" is a Ceramic. Its uses include vessels water & waste water pipes and surface embellishment in Building construction And you see the villages, displacement camps and compounds, and the earth is all rippled around them like an ocean bed. And those were the graves. There are graves everywhere. Along the road, around the paths that you take, along the riverbeds, near every camp – there are graves everywhere. "

Though scarred by what she had seen, Hepburn still had hope. "Taking care of children has nothing to do with politics. I think perhaps with time, instead of there being a politicization of humanitarian aid, there will be a humanization of politics. Humanitarian aid (also called succour) is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes typically in response to humanitarian crises " "Anyone who doesn't believe in miracles is not a realist. I have seen the miracle of water which UNICEF has helped to make a reality. Where for centuries young girls and women had to walk for miles to get water, now they have clean drinking water near their homes. Water is life, and clean water now means health for the children of this village. " "People in these places don't know Audrey Hepburn, but they recognize the name UNICEF. When they see UNICEF their faces light up, because they know that something is happening. In the Sudan, for example, they call a water pump UNICEF. For information on Wikipedia project-related discussions see WikipediaVillage pump. "

In 1992, President George Bush presented her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of her work with UNICEF, and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences awarded her The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award for her contribution to humanity. George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12 1924 served as the forty-first President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 The Presidential Medal of Freedom is a decoration bestowed by the President of the United States and is along with the equivalent Congressional Gold Medal bestowed The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS) is a professional honorary organization ostensibly dedicated to the advancement of the arts and sciences of Motion This was awarded posthumously, with her son accepting on her behalf.

In 2006, the Sustainable Style Foundation inaugurated the Style & Substance Award in Honor of Audrey Hepburn to recognize high profile individuals that work to improve the quality of life for children around the world. The Sustainable Style Foundation (SSF is a Seattle-based international nonprofit organization that promotes sustainable design and sustainable living The first award was given to Hepburn posthumously and received by the Audrey Hepburn Children's Fund.

Enduring popularity

Audrey Hepburn to this day is a beauty and fashion icon. She has often been called one of the most beautiful women of all time. ^[45][46] Her fashion styles also continue to be popular among women. ^[47] Contrary to her recent image, although Hepburn did enjoy fashion, she did not place much importance on it. She preferred casual, comfortable clothes. ^[48] In addition, she never considered herself to be very attractive. She said in a 1959 interview, "you can even say that I hated myself at certain periods. I was too fat, or maybe too tall, or maybe just plain too ugly. . . you can say my definiteness stems from underlying feelings of insecurity and inferiority. I couldn't conquer these feelings by acting indecisive. I found the only way to get the better of them was by adopting a forceful, concentrated drive. "^[49]

To date, only one biographical film based upon Audrey Hepburn's life has been attempted. A biographical motion picture &mdash often shortened to biopic &mdash is a film that dramatizes the life of an actual person or people The 2000 American made-for-television film, The Audrey Hepburn Story, starred Jennifer Love Hewitt as the actress. The Audrey Hepburn Story was a 2000 Television movie Biography of actress and Humanitarian Audrey Hepburn. Jennifer Love Hewitt (born February 21, 1979) is an American Actress and Singer-songwriter. Hewitt also co-produced the film. It received poor reviews due to numerous factual errors and Hewitt's performance. The film concluded with footage of the real Audrey Hepburn, shot during one of her final missions for UNICEF. Several versions of the film exist; it was aired as a mini-series in some countries, and in a truncated version on America's ABC television network, which is also the version released on DVD in North America. A miniseries (also mini-series) in a serial Storytelling medium is a production which tells a story in a pre-planned limited number of episodes The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. A television network is a distribution network for Television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many Television stations Emmy Rossum, in one of her first film roles, portrayed Hepburn as a young teen in the film. Emmanuelle Grey "Emmy" Rossum (born September 12, 1986) is a Golden Globe -nominated American actress and Singer-songwriter

Hepburn's image is still widely used in advertising campaigns across the world. In Japan, a series of commercials used colorized and digitally enhanced clips of Hepburn in Roman Holiday to advertise Kirin black tea. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Film colorization is any process that involves adding Color to Black and white, sepia or monochrome moving-picture images () is a Japanese company It is a member of the Mitsubishi core group of companies Black tea is a variety of Tea that is more oxidized than the Oolong, green, and white varieties In the US, Hepburn was featured in a Gap commercial which ran from September 7, 2006, to October 5, 2006. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Gap Incorporated ( is an American clothing and accessories retailer based in San Francisco California, and founded in 1969 by Donald Fisher Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 869 - The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. It used clips of her dancing from Funny Face, set to AC/DC's "Back in Black", with the tagline "It's Back - The Skinny Black Pant". AC/DC are an Australian Hard rock band formed in Sydney, Australia in 1973 by brothers Angus and Malcolm Young. " Back in Black " is a song by AC/DC (written mostly by Angus Young and with co-writer Malcolm Young) appearing as the sixth track on their 1980 To celebrate its "Keep it Simple" campaign, the Gap made a sizeable donation to the Audrey Hepburn Children's Fund. ^[50] The commercial was popular, with approximately 200,000 users viewing it on YouTube. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees

The "little black dress" from Breakfast at Tiffany's, designed by Givenchy, sold at a Christie's auction on December 5, 2006, for £467,200 (approximately $920,000), almost seven times its £70,000 pre-sale estimate. Count Hubert James Marcel Taffin de Givenchy (born February 20, 1927) is a French aristocrat and Fashion designer who founded the The Christie's is a leading art business and a fine arts Auction house Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. This is the highest price paid for a dress from a film. The proceeds went to the City of Joy Aid charity to aid underprivileged children in India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The head of the charity said, "there are tears in my eyes. I am absolutely dumbfounded to believe that a piece of cloth which belonged to such a magical actress will now enable me to buy bricks and cement to put the most destitute children in the world into schools. "^[51] The dress auctioned off by Christie's was not the one that Hepburn actually wore in the movie. ^[52] Of the two dresses that Hepburn did wear, one is held in the Givenchy archives, while the other is displayed in the Museum of Costume in Madrid. ^[51]

Notable appearances

Filmography

Television and theatre

Awards and honours

The handprints of Audrey Hepburn in front of The Great Movie Ride at Walt Disney World's Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park. Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn was a nine-episode documentary television series first broadcast in 1993 debuting on January 21, 1993 The Great Movie Ride is an attraction at Walt Disney World 's Disney's Hollywood Studios Theme park. Walt Disney World Resort is the most visited and largest recreational resort in the world containing four Theme parks two Water parks twenty-three themed hotels Disney's Hollywood Studios is a Theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort.

She won the 1953 Academy Award for Best Actress for Roman Holiday. Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to Roman Holiday is a 1953 Romantic comedy. The film introduced American audiences to Belgian-born actress Audrey Hepburn, who won the Academy She was nominated for Best Actress four more times; for Sabrina, The Nun's Story, Breakfast at Tiffany's, and Wait Until Dark. Sabrina is a 1954 film directed by Billy Wilder, adapted for the screen by Wilder Samuel A The Nun's Story is the title of a dramatic film that was released by Warner Bros Breakfast at Tiffany's is a 1961 American film starring Audrey Hepburn and George Peppard, and featuring Patricia Neal, Wait Until Dark is a play by Frederick Knott. The mystery thriller 's Heroine is Susy Hendrix a blind Greenwich Village She was not nominated for her performance as Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady, one of her most acclaimed performances. My Fair Lady is a musical Film adaptation of the Lerner and Loewe stage musical My Fair Lady, based in turn on the play

For her 1967 nomination, the Academy chose her performance in Wait Until Dark over her critically acclaimed performance in Two for the Road. Two for the Road is a 1967 movie directed by Stanley Donen about the twelve-year relationship between an architect ( Albert Finney) She lost to Katharine Hepburn (in Guess Who's Coming to Dinner). Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12 1907 – June 29 2003 was an American actress of film television and stage Guess Who's Coming to Dinner is a 1967 Comedy - Drama Film starring Spencer Tracy, Sidney Poitier, Katharine

Audrey Hepburn was one of the few people who have won an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony Award. This is a list of persons who have won Grammy, Academy, Tony, and Emmy Awards, "GATE", the four major entertainment awards

• Academy Award: Best Actress for Roman Holiday (1954) and posthumously The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award (1993). "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Roman Holiday is a 1953 Romantic comedy. The film introduced American audiences to Belgian-born actress Audrey Hepburn, who won the Academy
• Golden Globe award: Best Motion Picture Actress for Roman Holiday (1954). The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner Roman Holiday is a 1953 Romantic comedy. The film introduced American audiences to Belgian-born actress Audrey Hepburn, who won the Academy
• Tony Award: Best Actress for Ondine (1954) and Special Achievement award (1968). The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented
• Grammy Award: Best Spoken Word Album for Children (1993) for Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales (posthumous). The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences The Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children has been awarded since 1994
• Emmy Award: Outstanding Individual Achievement - Informational Programming (1993) for the "Flower Gardens" episode of her documentary series, Gardens of the World (posthumous).

In addition, Hepburn won the Henrietta Award in 1955 for the world's favorite actress, the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 1990 and the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award in 1992. Cecil Blount DeMille ( August 12, 1881 – January 21, 1959) was an Academy Award -winning American Film director The Screen Actors Guild ( SAG) is an American labor union representing over 120000 Film and television principal performers and background Hepburn was posthumously awarded the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award later in 1993. ^[53]

In December 1992, one month before her death, Hepburn received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her work in UNICEF. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is a decoration bestowed by the President of the United States and is along with the equivalent Congressional Gold Medal bestowed The United Nations Children's Fund (or UNICEF) was created by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946 ^[54] This is one of the two highest awards a civilian can receive in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the ^[55][56]

She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1652 Vine Street. The Hollywood Walk of Fame is a Sidewalk along Hollywood Boulevard and Vine Street in Hollywood Los Angeles California, USA, that

In 2003, the United States Postal Service issued a stamp illustrated by Michael J. Deas^[57] honoring her as a Hollywood legend and humanitarian. It has a drawing of her which is based on a publicity photo from the movie Sabrina. Hepburn is one of the few non-Americans to be so honored.

Bibliography

• Sean Hepburn Ferrer, Audrey Hepburn, An Elegant Spirit: A Son Remembers, New York: Atria, 2003.
• Barry Paris, Audrey Hepburn, New York: Putnam, 1996. Barry Paris (born February 6, 1948) is an Author and Journalist based in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania.
• Diana Maychick, Audrey Hepburn: An Intimate Portrait, Citadel Press, 1996.
• http://www.audreyhepburnlibrary.com
• Donald Spoto, Enchantment: The Life of Audrey Hepburn, Harmony Press, 2006. Donald Spoto (born June 28, 1941) is an American Celebrity biographer, Catholic theologian and former monk
• Alexander Walker, Audrey: Her Real Story, London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson, 1994. Alexander Walker ( 23 March 1930 - 15 July 2003) was a film critic born in Portadown, Northern Ireland.

See also

• List of persons who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards

References

External links

• Audrey Hepburn at the Internet Movie Database
• Audrey Hepburn at the TCM Movie Database
• Audrey Hepburn at the Internet Broadway Database
• Audrey Hepburn at Find A Grave
• Official web site by the Audrey Hepburn Children's Fund
• Audrey Hepburn at TV.com