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Coordinates: 42°26′26″N 98°08′53.1″W / 42.44056, -98.148083
Ashfall Fossil Beds State Historical Park
Protected Area
none The hills surrounding the fossil beds
The hills surrounding the fossil beds
Country United States
State Nebraska
Counties Antelope County
Coordinates 42°26′26″N 98°08′53.1″W / 42.44056, -98.148083
Area 360 acres (145. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Nebraska ( is a state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States and Antelope County is a County located in the US state of Nebraska, and was formed in 1871 The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U 7 ha)
Founded 1991
Management Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
IUCN category III - Natural Monument
Location of Ashfall State Historical Park in Nebraska
Location of Ashfall State Historical Park in Nebraska
Website: Ashfall Fossil Beds State Historical Park

The Ashfall Fossil Beds of Antelope County in northeastern Nebraska are among the rare preservation sites called lagerstätte, which preserve ecological "snapshots" from a brief moment in time, due to extraordinary local conditions that have preserved a range of fossilized organisms undisturbed. Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The Nebraska Game and Parks Commission ( NGPC) is a public agency of the government of the State of Nebraska in the United States. Antelope County is a County located in the US state of Nebraska, and was formed in 1871 Nebraska ( is a state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States and A Lagerstätte ( German; literally place of storage; plural Lagerstätten) is a sedimentary deposit that exhibits extraordinary fossil

Contents

Bruneau-Jarbidge event

Main article: Bruneau-Jarbidge caldera

The Ashfall deposit preserves the fossilized remains of 10- to 12-million-year-old (Miocene) animals that perished in a dense volcanic ashfall; the animals had come to a waterhole seeking relief. The Bruneau-Jarbidge caldera (sometimes called a Supervolcano) is located in present-day southwest Idaho The Miocene is a geological epoch of the Neogene period and extends from about 23 The fall of ash drifted downwind from the Bruneau-Jarbidge supervolcano eruption (in present-day Idaho), nearly 1,000 miles (1600 km) west of the Ashfall site. A supervolcano or super volcanic eruption is a Volcanic eruption which is Orders of magnitude greater than any volcano in historic times (generally accepted to be The State of Idaho ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States of America. A large number of very well-preserved fossil rhinos, small three-toed horses, camels, and birds have been excavated. Many animals were preserved with their bones articulated; one rhino still bears her unborn fetus, while others retain the contents of their last meal.

The fossil of a horse locked in volcanic ash.
The fossil of a horse locked in volcanic ash.

The bones of the animals show features that indicate that the animals died of lung failure induced by inhaling volcanic ash. The smaller animals with smaller lung capacity were the first to die, and the larger animals were the last. Bite-marks on some bones show that local predators (the carnivorous bone-crunching dog Aelurodon) scavenged some of the carcasses, but no predator remains have yet surfaced. Aelurodon ("cat tooth" is an extinct Genus of the subfamily Borophaginae. There are also abundant clues to the region's ecology, indicating a savanna of grassland interspersed with trees that luxuriated in a warmer, milder climate than today's. A savanna or savannah is a Tropical or Subtropical Grassland or Woodland Ecosystem.

The rapidly-accumulating ash, windblown into deep drifts at low places like the waterhole site, remained moderately soft. The ash preserved the animals in three dimensions; not even the delicate bones of birds or the carapaces of turtles were crushed. Above the layer of ash, a stratum of more erosion-resistant sandstone has acted as "caprock" to preserve the strata beneath.

Preservation

The first hint of the site's richness was the skull of a juvenile rhinoceros noticed in 1971 eroding out of a gully at the edge of a cornfield. The Ashfall site became Ashfall Fossil Beds State Historical Park in 1991. Newly uncovered fossils are being left exactly as they are found: specially constructed walkways afford visitors an unobstructed close-up view of paleontologists at work during the summer field season. The site was declared a National Natural Landmark on May 9, 2006[1]

Species

The most common animal is Teleoceras.
The most common animal is Teleoceras. The National Natural Landmark (NNL program recognizes and encourages the conservation of outstanding examples of the United States ' natural history Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Teleoceras is an extinct Genus of grazing Rhinoceros that lived in North America during the Miocene epoch, which ended

The remains of Teleoceras are so numerous and concentrated that the main section of Ashfall is dubbed the "Rhino Barn". Other fossils at the "Rhino Barn" include the remains of horses and camels. Taxa discovered in the Ashfall deposits include:

See also

References

  1. ^ Acting Interior Secretary Scarlett Designates Ashfall Fossil Beds A National Natural Landmark. The evolution of the horse involves the gradual development of the modern Horse from the fox-sized forest-dwelling Hyracotherium Cormohipparion is a Genus of extinct Horse from the Miocene and Pliocene. The evolution of the horse involves the gradual development of the modern Horse from the fox-sized forest-dwelling Hyracotherium Hipparion (Greek "pony" is an extinct genus of horse It resembled the modern Horse, but still had vestigal outer toes (in addition to its Hipparion (Greek "pony" is an extinct genus of horse It resembled the modern Horse, but still had vestigal outer toes (in addition to its The evolution of the horse involves the gradual development of the modern Horse from the fox-sized forest-dwelling Hyracotherium Camelids are members of the biological family Camelidae, the only living family in the suborder Tylopoda. Procamelus is an extinct genus of Camelid that lived during the Miocene epoch Aepycamelus is an extinct species of Camelid, formerly called Alticamelus in scientific literature The Canidae (ˈkænədiː ′kanə′dē family is a part of the order Carnivora within the Mammals (Class Mammalia Leptocyon is an extinct ancient Canine ancestor of today's Foxes and Dogs that lived during the Early Miocene 23 Mya with Cynarctus is an extinct genus of borophagine Dog from the Miocene of North America. Aelurodon ("cat tooth" is an extinct Genus of the subfamily Borophaginae. Rhinoceros (raɪˈnɒsərəs often colloquially abbreviated rhino, is a name used to group five extant species of Odd-toed ungulates in the family Teleoceras is an extinct Genus of grazing Rhinoceros that lived in North America during the Miocene epoch, which ended A deer is a Ruminant Mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. Longirostromeryx is an extinct genus of saber-toothed Deer. Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. The Bird genus Balearica consists of two species in the crane family Gruidae: the Black-crowned Crane ( B The Bird genus Balearica consists of two species in the crane family Gruidae: the Black-crowned Crane ( B The rails, or Rallidae, are a large cosmopolitan family of small to medium-sized Birds The family exhibits considerable diversity The Secretary Bird, Sagittarius serpentarius, is a large mostly terrestrial Bird of prey. Turtles are Reptiles of the Order Testudines (all living turtles belong to the Crown group Chelonia) most of Hesperotestudo is an Extinct Genus of Turtle that lived from the Miocene to the Pleistocene. Clemmys is a Genus of Turtle, comprised of one North American species the Spotted turtle ( C The Gray Fossil Site is a Late Miocene-epoch assemblage of Fossils located near the unincorporated town of Gray in Washington County, Northeast Pipe Creek Sinkhole near Swayzee in Grant County Indiana, is one of the most important paleontological sites in the interior of the eastern half of This is a worldwide list of important and/or well-known localities where Fossils have been found United States Department of the Interior (2006-05-09). The United States Department of the Interior ( DOI) is a Cabinet department of the United States government that manages and conserves most federally Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Retrieved on 2006-06-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes.

External links

The University of Nebraska State Museum, also known as Elephant Hall, is a natural history museum featuring Nebraska biodiversity paleontology and cultural diversity
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