Arzawa was the name of a region or kingdom in Western Anatolia, which later to be known as Lydia (Assyrian Luddu, Greek Λυδία) in the post-Hittite era. Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black Defining Lydia Aside from a legend related by Herodotus, who states that the name Lydia came from king Lydus at the time of the fall of Troy It was the western neighbour and sometimes vassal of the Hittites, and probably bordered on the Assuwa league to the north. The Hittites were an ancient Anatolian people who spoke a language of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family and established The Assuwa league was a confederation of states in western Anatolia, defeated by the Hittites under an earlier Tudhaliya I around 1400 BC. Its capital was Apasa (or Abasa), according to Hittite sources, which may correspond to the later Lydian capital, Ephesus. Ephesus ( Hittite Apasa; Ancient Greek; Turkish Efes) was a city of ancient Anatolia.
The language spoken in Arzawa during the Bronze Age and early Iron Age was Luwian, a member of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European family. The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age for the mythological Iron Age see Ages of Man. Luwian (sometimes spelled Luvian) is an extinct language of the Anatolian branch of the The Anatolian languages are a group of extinct Indo-European languages which were spoken in Asia Minor, the best attested of them being the Hittite language In the oldest texts, eg. the Hittite Code, the area of Arzawa, together with Kizzuwatna, was named Luwia. The Hittite laws have been preserved on a number of Hittite cuneiform tablets found at Hattusa ( CTH 291-292 listing 200 laws Kizzuwatna (or Kizzuwadna) is the name of an ancient Anatolian kingdom in the Second millennium BC.
The height of the kingdom was in the 15th and 14th century BC. The Hittites were then weakened, and Arzawa was an ally of Egypt, as recorded in the Amarna letters. The Amarna letters (sometimes "Amarna correspondence" or "Amarna tablets" are an archive of correspondence on Clay tablets mostly diplomatic The Hittite kings Suppiluliuma I and Mursili II, however, finally managed to defeat Arzawa, which was split into vassal kingdoms called Mira, Seha and Hanballa. Suppiluliuma I was king of the Hittites (ca 1344 – 1322 BC ( Short chronology) Mursili II (also spelled Mursilis II) was a king of the Hittite Empire (New kingdom ca Independent "Neo-Hittite" states re-emerged in the region after the collapse of the Hittite Empire from the 12th century. The states that are called Neo-Hittite, or more recently Syro-Hittite, were Luwian, Aramaic and Phoenician -speaking political entities of
Contents |
Kings of Arzawa in the 14th century
- Kupanta-Kurunta
- Madduwatta of Zippasla (conquered Arzawa, may or may not have been king of Arzawa)
- Tarhundaradu
- Anzapahhadu
- Uhhazidi or Uhha-Ziti - defeated by Mursili II around 1320 BCE
See also
References
- Melchert, H. Kupanta-Kurunta was the first recorded king of Arzawa, in the late 15th century BC Madduwatta (sometimes given as Madduwattas) was a king of Arzawa, in Anatolia about 14th or 13th century BC Uhha-Ziti was the last independent king of Arzawa, a Bronze Age kingdom of western Anatolia. Mursili II (also spelled Mursilis II) was a king of the Hittite Empire (New kingdom ca The Lukka lands are often mentioned in Hittite texts from the second millennium BC Hittites is the conventional English-language term for an ancient people who spoke an Indo-European language and established a kingdom centered in Hattusa Craig (ed. ) (2003). The Luwians. Leiden: Brill
External links
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