Arun Manilal Gandhi (born April 14, 1934, Durban, South Africa) is the fifth grandson of Mohandas Gandhi through his second son Manilal. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Durban (eThekwini is the third most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the EThekwini metropolitan municipality. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January Manilal Mohandas Gandhi ( October 28, 1892 – April 4, 1956) was the second son of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Kasturba Gandhi Following the footsteps of his grandfather, he is also a socio-political activist, although he eschews the ascetic lifestyle of his grandfather. In January 2008, Gandhi resigned as director of the M. K. Gandhi Institute for Non-Violence, which he founded, following publication by the Washington Post of an essay "calling Jews and Israel 'the biggest players' in a global culture of violence"^[1], an act that sparked criticism of Gandhi, as well as criticism of his detractors. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D

Contents 1 Early life 2 Principles 3 Family 4 The present 5 Controversy 6 Quotations 7 References 8 See also 9 External links

Early life

Born to Sushila and Manilal Gandhi, Arun's childhood days under South Africa's apartheid for someone of Indian heritage was considerably difficult, humiliating, and often violently abusive. Manilal Mohandas Gandhi ( October 28, 1892 – April 4, 1956) was the second son of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Kasturba Gandhi Like many Indians, he was demeaned by Europeans for not being white, and ostracized by Africans for not being black, and subject to racially-motivated violence from extremists in both groups. This led to a series of resentful and angry teenaged years.

While living with his grandfather Mahatma Gandhi from 1946 until his assassination in 1948, Arun experienced the most tumultuous period in India's struggle to free itself from British rule. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country He saw the first-hand effects of a national campaign for liberation which was carried out through both violent and nonviolent means. Both the events and Mahatma Gandhi's teachings strongly influenced Arun.

When Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated in 1948, Arun felt such anger that he wanted to take revenge upon the assassin. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January Then he remembered his grandfather’s words: Never react immediately in anger. Following that, he returned to South Africa. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa

After the death of his father, Arun returned to India in 1958 to work as a trainee journalist and reporter for The Times of India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Times of India ( TOI) is a leading English-language Broadsheet Daily newspaper in India. It was while in an Indian hospital that he came to know his future wife, the late Sunanda Gandhi. Sunanda Gandhi (1932-2007 was an author researcher nurse and along with her widower Arun Gandhi, co-founder of the M

Principles

Gandhi considers himself to be a Hindu but expresses his Unitarian views. ^[2] Gandhi has worked closely with the Christian priests and his philosophies are strongly influenced by Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim and Catholic Christian concepts. Like his grandfather, he also believes in the concept of 'non-violence' (ahimsa). Nonviolence is a philosophy and strategy for social change that rejects the use of physical Violence. In 2003 he was one of the signatories to Humanism and Its Aspirations (Humanist Manifesto III). Humanism and Its Aspirations subtitled Humanist Manifesto III a successor to the Humanist Manifesto of 1933 is the most recent of the Humanist Manifestos Humanist Manifesto is the title of three Manifestos laying out a Humanist worldview

Family

Arun's late wife, Sunanda (1932-2007), whom he married in 1958, was also a partner in Arun's non-violent campaigns. The couple had a son, Tushar, who is also an activist, and a daughter, Archana, and four grandchildren. Tushar Arun Gandhi (तुषार गांधी (born 17 January 1960 near Mumbai, India) is a great-grandson

The present

In 1987, along with his entire family, Arun Gandhi moved to the United States to work on a study at the University of Mississippi. Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States This study examined and contrasted the sorts of prejudices that existed in India, the U. S. , and South Africa. Afterward they moved to Memphis, Tennessee and founded the M. Memphis is a City in the southwest corner of Tennessee, and the County seat of Shelby County. K. Gandhi Institute for Non-Violence hosted by the Christian Brothers University, a Catholic academic institution. Christian Brothers University is the oldest collegiate degree-granting institution in the City of Memphis. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". This institute was dedicated to applying the principles of nonviolence at both local and global scales. Nonviolence is a philosophy and strategy for social change that rejects the use of physical Violence.

In 2007, the institute moved to Rochester, New York, and is currently located on the University of Rochester River Campus. Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York State, south of Lake Ontario in the United States. The University of Rochester ( U of R UR) is a private, nonsectarian Coeducational Research University located in Rochester ^[3]

Arun has given many speeches about non-violence in many countries. During his tour to Israel, he urged the Palestinians to resist Israeli occupation peacefully to assure their freedom.

In August 2004, Gandhi proposed to the Palestinian Parliament a peaceful march of 50,000 refugees across the Jordan River to return to their homeland, and said MPs should lead the way. Gandhi also claimed that the fate of Palestinians is ten times worse than that of blacks in South African Apartheid. He asked: "What would happen? Maybe the Israeli army would shoot and kill several. They may kill 100. They may kill 200 men, women and children. And that would shock the world. The world will get up and say, 'What is going on?'. "^[4]

In fall of 2007, Gandhi co-taught a course entitled "Gandhi on Personal Leadership and Nonviolence" at Salisbury University in Salisbury, Maryland. Salisbury University is a public university in Maryland Currently Salisbury University offers 45 distinct Undergraduate and graduate degree programs Salisbury (ˈsælzbəri or /sɔːɫzbəɹi/ is the County seat of Wicomico County Maryland. ^[5]

On November 12, 2007, Gandhi gave a lecture for the Salisbury University Center for Conflict Resolution’s “One Person Can Make a Difference” Lecture Series, entitled “Nonviolence in the Age of Terrorism”. ^[6]

Controversy

On January 7, 2008, in an article entitled "Jewish Identity Can’t Depend on Violence," published in the Washington Post online "On Faith" section, Mr. Gandhi wrote that the "Jewish identity in the past has been locked into the holocaust experience," which he considered "a very good example of a community can overplay (sic) a historic experience to the point that it begins to repulse friends. " He concluded that "Israel and the Jews are the biggest players" in creating a "Culture of Violence. "^[7]

Efraim Zuroff, the Simon Wiesenthal Center's Israel director, commented that Arun Gandhi's thoughts on "Jewish identity" are "exceptionally strange, especially in light of the fact that there's never been any history of anti-Semitism in India and among Hindus. The Simon Wiesenthal Center (often abbreviated SWC) with headquarters in Los Angeles For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical "^[8]

In response to criticism, on January 10 Gandhi offered an apology for implying "that the policies of the Israeli government are reflective of the views of all Jewish people" but reaffirming his belief "that when a people hold on to historic grievances too firmly" it can lose friends. ^[9] Online "On Faith" section editors Sally Quinn and Jon Meacham apologized because the Gandhi post failed to comply with their mission to "shed light on a subject - religion - that too often generates heat. Sally Sterling Quinn (born January 7, 1941) is an American Author and Journalist. Jon Meacham (born 1969 in Chattanooga Tennessee) is the editor of Newsweek, a Bestselling "^[10] Noting that Gandhi had been asked to write on "Jewish identity," and his article had not been edited, the Post refused to remove either the article or Gandhi as an editor. ^[11]

The ADL welcomed the apology but criticized it as "a classic attempt to blame the victim". ^[12]

Joel Seligman, President of the University of Rochester, said he was "deeply disappointed" by Gandhi's remarks and considered the apology Gandhi later posted inadequate. ^[13] Gandhi offered his resignation from the M. K. Gandhi Institute at the University of Rochester on January 17, 2008. ^[14] His resignation was accepted on Jan. 25. ^[15][16] However, university president Seligman said the university will host a forum "to provide Arun Gandhi, a leader of the Jewish community and other speakers the opportunity to address the issues raised by Mr. Gandhi's statements and related issues. "^[1]

Gandhi's resignation sparked criticism of the power of the Israel lobby in the United States. The Israel lobby in the United States is a term used to describe the loose coalition of groups and individuals who attempt to influence American foreign policy in support of Israel and Outlook India reported that most Indian academics, and several American ones, "accept that Gandhi didn't make his arguments with adequate intellectual sophistication—and was guilty of stereotyping the Jews—they believe he is the latest 'victim' of the pro-Israeli lobby whose inordinate clout has again become a matter of intense debate. Outlook is an Indian weekly English Newsmagazine in publication since October 1995. The Israel lobby in the United States is a term used to describe the loose coalition of groups and individuals who attempt to influence American foreign policy in support of Israel and "^[17] Muriel Mirak-Weissbach of the Centre for Research on Globalization wrote that "his forced resignation seemed to confirm the fear that anyone in the United States who dared criticize Israeli policy as aggressive, would be dubbed a 'bigot' or 'anti-semite,' and forced to withdraw from public life. Michel Chossudovsky is a Canadian economist. He is a Professor of economics at the University of Ottawa. "^[18] Dr. Donald Wagner, the founder of the Palestine Human Rights Campaign, has alleged that since 1991 the pro-Israeli lobby has criticized Gandhi for speaking out for Palestinian rights. ^[19] Eileen Flynn of the Austin American-Statesman asked: “Can people speak critically about how Jews — and the Israeli government in particular — handle the memory of the Holocaust? Or is the issue too sensitive?”^[20]

On Tuesday, February 26, 2008, Arun Gandhi was briefly held in custody for violating prohibitory orders before staging a protest in front of a statue of his grandfather at the State Secretariat in Mumbai, India. The Austin American-Statesman is the major daily Newspaper for Austin, the capital city of Texas. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country After being released, he stated his forced resignation had "implications for freedom of thought and speech" and that it "indicates the power people have because of money and this had made a mockery of democratic principles". ^[21]

Quotations

“

“We want to create world peace. But peace is not merely the absence of war. There is so much internal strife and that prejudice feeds into the national aspect. We have to change ourselves if we want to change the world. I tried to present things in that perspective in my article but it generated a lot of anger instead. ”[21]

”

References

See also

• Living Enrichment Center
• Gandhism

External links

• M.K. Gandhi institute (Founded by Arun Gandhi)
• "In the Name of the Father" a Memphis Flyer article on Arun Gandhi. The Hindu is a single-edition English-language Indian newspaper Living Enrichment Center, often referred to as LEC, was a New Thought Megachurch and retreat center Gandhism (or Gandhianism) is a collection of inspirations principles beliefs and philosophy of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (known as Mahatma Gandhi who was The Memphis Flyer is a free weekly Alternative newspaper serving the greater Memphis Tennessee area
• "The Gandhi Tour" music tour supported by Arun Gandhi

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