An artificial island is an island that has been constructed by humans rather than formed by natural means. Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico There are some towns in Mexico which are spelled "Tenochtitlán" like San Lorenzo Gerald Murillo ( October 3, 1875 – August 15, 1964) was a Mexican painter and writer who signed his works "Dr was a fan-shaped Artificial island in the bay of Nagasaki that was a Dutch Trading port during Japan 's self-imposed isolation ( Sakoku ( is the Capital and the largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan. Our Lady of the Rocks (Госпа од шкрпјела Croatian: Gospa od Škrpjela is one of the two Islets off the coast of Perast in Bay of Kotor Montenegro ( British English) Montenegrin / Serbian: PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE LANGUAGES WITHOUT CONSENSUS ON THE TALK PAGE! An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant They are created by expanding existing islets, construction on existing reefs, or amalgamating several natural islets into a bigger island. In nautical terminology a reef is a rock, sandbar, or other feature lying beneath the surface of the water (six fathoms or less at low water
Early artificial islands can be floating structures in still waters, or wooden or megalithic structures erected in shallow waters (e. A floating island is a mass of floating aquatic plants mud and peat ranging in thickness from a few inches to several feet Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs g. , crannógs and Nan Madol discussed below). For Canada's organic brewery see Crannóg Ales A crannóg is an artificial island usually originally built in lakes rivers and estuarine waters and most often Nan Madol is a ruined city that lies off the eastern shore of the island of Pohnpei (presently one of the four states in the Federated States of Micronesia) and used In modern times artificial islands are usually formed by land reclamation, but some are formed by the incidental isolation of an existing piece of land during canal construction (e. Land reclamation is either of two distinct practices One involves creating new land from sea- or riverbeds the other refers to restoring an area to a more natural state (such as after Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways g. Donauinsel and Dithmarschen), or flooding of valleys resulting in the tops of former knolls getting isolated by water (e. The Donauinsel ( Danube Island) is an island of 211 Kilometres length which is only 70-210 metres broad accompanying the river Danube along Dithmarschen (ˈdɪtmaʁʃən is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. g. Barro Colorado Island). Barro Colorado Island (BCI is located in the man-made Gatun Lake in the middle of the Panama Canal.
Some recent developments have been made more in the manner of oil platforms (e. An oil platform or oil rig is a large structure used to house workers and machinery needed to drill and/or extract oil and Natural gas through wells g. , Sealand and Republic of Rose Island). The Principality of Sealand is a Micronation located on HM Fort Roughs, a former World War II Maunsell Sea Fort in the North Sea The Republic of Rose Island ( Esperanto: Respubliko de la Insulo de la Rozoj) was a short-lived Micronation on a man-made platform in the Adriatic Sea
Artificial islands may vary widely in scale, from small islets reclaimed solely for supporting a single pillar of a building or structure, to those which support entire communities.
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History
Despite a popular image of modernity, artificial islands actually have a long history in many parts of the world, dating back to the crannogs of prehistoric Scotland and Ireland, the ceremonial centers of Nan Madol in Micronesia and the still extant floating islands of Lake Titicaca. For Canada's organic brewery see Crannóg Ales A crannóg is an artificial island usually originally built in lakes rivers and estuarine waters and most often Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Nan Madol is a ruined city that lies off the eastern shore of the island of Pohnpei (presently one of the four states in the Federated States of Micronesia) and used The Federated States of Micronesia is an Island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, north of Papua New Guinea. A floating island is a mass of floating aquatic plants mud and peat ranging in thickness from a few inches to several feet Lake Titicaca is a lake located on the border of Bolivia and Peru. The city of Tenochtitlan, the Aztec predecessor of Mexico City that was home to 250,000 people when the Spaniards arrived, stood on a small natural island in Lake Texcoco that was surrounded by countless artificial chinamitl islands. There are some towns in Mexico which are spelled "Tenochtitlán" like San Lorenzo Aztec is a term used to refer to certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who achieved political Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico Lake Texcoco (Lago de Texcoco was a natural Lake formation within the Valley of Mexico, a basin with an average Elevation of 2236 m Above Chinampa is a term describing a method of ancient Mesoamerican agriculture which used small Rectangle -shaped areas of Fertile Arable land
Many artificial islands have been built in urban harbors to provide either a site deliberately isolated from the city or just spare real estate otherwise unobtainable in a crowded metropolis. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored Real estate is a legal term (in some jurisdictions notably in the USA, United Kingdom An example of the first case is Dejima (or Deshima), built in the bay of Nagasaki in Japan's Edo period as a contained center for European merchants. was a fan-shaped Artificial island in the bay of Nagasaki that was a Dutch Trading port during Japan 's self-imposed isolation ( Sakoku ( is the Capital and the largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868 Trade is the willing exchange of goods, services, or both Trade is also called Commerce. During the isolationist era, Dutch people were generally banned from Nagasaki and Japanese from Dejima. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Similarly, Ellis Island, in Upper New York Bay beside New York City, a former tiny islet greatly expanded by land reclamation, served as an isolated immigration center for the United States in the late 19th and early 20th century, preventing an escape to the city of those refused entry for disease or other perceived flaw, who might otherwise be tempted toward illegal immigration. Ellis Island, at the mouth of the Hudson River in New York Harbor See also Geography and environment of New York City Upper New York Bay, sometimes called Upper New York Harbor or the Upper Bay, is The City of New York Immigration refers to the movement of people among countries While the movement of people has existed throughout human history at various levels modern immigration implies long-term The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Illegal immigration refers to Immigration across National Borders in a way that violates the Immigration laws of the destination Country One of the most well-known artificial islands is the Île Notre-Dame in Montreal, built for Expo 67. Île Notre-Dame ( is an Artificial island built in 10 months from 15 million tons of rock excavated for the Montreal Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec The 1967 International and Universal Exposition, or Expo 67 as it was commonly known was the World's Fair held in Montreal, Canada from April 27 to October
The Venetian Islands in Miami Beach, Florida, in Biscayne Bay added valuable new real estate during the Florida land boom of the 1920s. The Venetian Islands are a chain of Artificial islands in Biscayne Bay in the cities of Miami and Miami Beach, Florida. Biscayne Bay ( Bahía Vizcaina, in Spanish) is a Lagoon that is approximately 35 miles (56 km long and up to 8 miles (13 km wide located on the The Florida land boom of the 1920s was Florida 's first Real estate bubble, which burst in 1925 leaving behind entire new cities and the remains of failed development When the bubble that the developers were riding burst, the bay was left scarred with the remnants of their failed project. A boom town development company was building a sea wall for an island that was to be called Isola di Lolando but could not stay in business after the 1926 Miami Hurricane and the Great Depression, dooming the island-building project. A Miami real estate bubble burst in the mid 1920s as a land boom fueled by outside speculators was stricken by economic realities and unexpected hurricanes The 1926 Miami Hurricane (or Great Miami Hurricane) was an intense hurricane that devastated Miami Florida in September 1926 The concrete pilings from the project still stand as another development boom roars around them, 80 years later.
Modern projects
Some contemporary projects are much more ambitious. Kansai International Airport is the first airport to be built completely on an artificial island in 1994, followed by Chūbu Centrair International Airport in 2005 and the New Kitakyushu Airport and Kobe Airport in 2006. is an airport on an Artificial island in Ise Bay, Tokoname City in Aichi Prefecture, south of Nagoya in central Japan. has been built three kilometres offshore in the Suo Nada area of the Seto Inland Sea on an Artificial island (4th in Japan in the south of Kitakyushu is an Airport on an Artificial island just off the coast of Kobe, Japan.
Dubai is home to some of the largest artificial island complexes in the world, including the three Palm Islands projects, The World and the Dubai Waterfront, the last of which will be the largest in scale. Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE The Palm Islands are Artificial islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates on which major commercial and residential infrastructure will be constructed The World is a man-made Archipelago of 300 islands constructed in the shape of a world map and located 4 kilometres (2 The Dubai Waterfront (now known as Waterfront is expected to become the largest waterfront and largest man-made development in the world
The Israeli government is now planning for 4 artificial islands to be completed in 2013, off the coasts of Tel Aviv, Herzliya, Netanya and Haifa. Tel Aviv-Yafo (תֵּל ־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ تل أبيب Tal ʾAbīb) (usually Tel Aviv) is the second-largest city in Israel Herzliya (הֶרְצְלִיָּה is a city of 84100 residents located on the central coast of Israel. Haifa (חֵיפָה; حَيْفَا) is the largest City in Northern Israel, and the third-largest city in the country with Each island will house some 20,000 people and bring in 10,000 jobs. The islands should help with overcrowding in Israeli cities and even be employed to do the same in Gaza. The following list of Israeli cities is based on the current index of the Gaza (غزة, עַזָּה ʕazzā is the largest city in the Gaza Strip and the Palestinian territories.
A proposal has also been presented in The Netherlands to create artificial islands, perhaps in the shape of a tulip, in the North Sea. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Tulipa, commonly called tulip, is a Genus of about 150 species of bulbous Flowering plants in the family Liliaceae. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. [1]
Political status
Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea treaty (UNCLOS), artificial islands have little legal recognition[2]. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ( UNCLOS) also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty is the international agreement that resulted Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Such islands are not considered harbor works (Article 11) and are under the jurisdiction of the nearest coastal state if within 200 nautical miles (370 km) (Article 56). Artificial islands are not considered islands for purposes of having their own territorial waters or exclusive economic zones, and only the coastal state may authorize their construction (Article 60). However, on the high seas beyond national jurisdiction, any "state" may construct artificial islands (Article 87).
Some attempts to create micronations have involved artificial islands such as Sealand and Republic of Rose Island. Micronations &mdash sometimes also referred to as model countries and new country projects &mdash are entities that resemble independent Nations or The Principality of Sealand is a Micronation located on HM Fort Roughs, a former World War II Maunsell Sea Fort in the North Sea The Republic of Rose Island ( Esperanto: Respubliko de la Insulo de la Rozoj) was a short-lived Micronation on a man-made platform in the Adriatic Sea
See also
References
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