Arthur Ashe

Country	United States
Residence	Richmond, Virginia
Date of birth	July 10, 1943
Place of birth	Richmond, Virginia, USA
Date of death	February 6, 1993 (aged 49)
Place of death	New York City, New York, U.S.
Height	6. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the This article is about the city of Richmond the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the city of Richmond the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 1 ft 0 in (1. 86 m)
Weight	160 lb (73 kg/11 st)
Turned Pro	1969
Retired	1980
Plays	Right
Career Prize Money	US$2,584,909
Singles
Career record:
Career titles:	33
Highest ranking:	No. The pound or pound-mass (abbreviation lb, lbm, or sometimes in the United States #) is a unit of Mass The stone is a unit of Weight. It is part of the Imperial system of weights and measures used in the British Isles, and formerly used in most Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 1 (in 1968 and 1975)
Grand Slam results
Australian Open	W (1970)
French Open	QF (1970, 1971)
Wimbledon	W (1975)
US Open	W (1968)
Doubles
Career record:
Career titles:	18
Highest ranking:
Infobox last updated on: July 24, 2007. The Australian Open is one of the four Grand Slam Tennis Tournaments held each year The French Open ( Les Internationaux de France de Roland Garros or Tournoi de Roland-Garros) is a major Tennis tournament held over The Championships Wimbledon, or simply Wimbledon, is the oldest Tennis tournament in the world and is widely considered as the most prestigious The US Open Tennis tournament is one of the oldest tennis championships in the world first contested in 1881 Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Arthur Robert Ashe, Jr. (July 10, 1943 – February 6, 1993) was a prominent African American tennis player who was born and raised in Richmond, Virginia. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles) This article is about the city of Richmond the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state During his playing career, he won three Grand Slam titles. Statistics play an important role in summarizing Tennis performance and evaluating players in the sport both present and past Ashe is also remembered for his efforts to further social causes.

Contents 1 Biography 2 Personal life 3 Civil rights leader 4 Quotes 5 Honors 6 Notes 7 Grand Slam singles finals 7.1 Wins (3) 7.2 Runner-ups (4) 8 All finals 8.1 Singles 8.1.1 Wins (33) 9 References and external links 10 Further reading 11 Video

Biography

He was coached by Ronald Charity and later coached by Walter Johnson. Dr Robert Walter Johnson (1899 - 1971 was a physician and tennis coach in Lynchburg Virginia. Tired of having to travel great distances to play caucasian youths in segregated Richmond, Virginia, Ashe accepted an offer from a Saint Louis, Missouri tennis official to move there and attend Sumner High School. This article is about the city of Richmond the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Sumner High School, also known as Charles E Sumner High School, is a four-year Public high school in St ^[1] Young Ashe was recognized by Sports Illustrated for his playing. Sports Illustrated is an American Sports Magazine owned by media conglomerate Time Warner. ^[2]

Ashe was awarded a tennis scholarship to the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) in 1963. A scholarship is an award of access to an institution or a financial aid award for an individual student scholar for the purpose of furthering their Education The University of California Los Angeles (generally known as UCLA) is a public research university located in Westwood Los Angeles, California, United Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. That same year, Ashe became the first African American ever selected to the United States Davis Cup team. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa The United States Davis Cup Team represents the United States in Davis Cup Tennis competition and is governed by the United States Tennis Association

In 1965, Ashe won the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) singles title and contributed to UCLA's winning the team NCAA tennis championship. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations While at UCLA, Ashe was initiated as a member of the Upsilon chapter of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity. Kappa Alpha Psi ( KAΨ) is a collegiate Greek-letter fraternity with a predominantly African American membership

In 1968, Ashe won the United States Amateur Championships and the inaugural U.S. Open and aided the U. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The US Open Tennis tournament is one of the oldest tennis championships in the world first contested in 1881 S Davis Cup team to victory. He is the only player to have won both of these amateur and open national championships in the same year. ^[3] Concerned that tennis professionals were not receiving winnings commensurate with the sport's growing popularity, Ashe supported formation of the Association of Tennis Professionals. The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP was formed in 1972 to protect the interests of male professional Tennis players That year would prove even more momentous for Ashe when he was denied a visa by the South African government, thereby keeping him out of the South African Open. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Ashe used this denial to publicize South Africa's apartheid policies. In the media, Ashe called for South Africa to be expelled from the professional tennis circuit.

In 1969, Ashe turned professional. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1970, Ashe won his second Grand Slam singles title at the Australian Open. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The four Grand Slam tournaments are the most important Tennis events of the year The Australian Open is one of the four Grand Slam Tennis Tournaments held each year

In 1975, Ashe won Wimbledon, unexpectedly defeating Jimmy Connors in the final. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Championships Wimbledon, or simply Wimbledon, is the oldest Tennis tournament in the world and is widely considered as the most prestigious James Scott "Jimmy" Connors (born September 2 1952 in East St He played for several more years, but after being slowed by heart surgery in 1979, Ashe retired in 1980. Cardiac surgery is Surgery on the Heart and/or Great vessels performed by a Cardiac surgeon. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar)

Ashe remains the only African American player ever to win the men's singles at Wimbledon, the U. S. Open, or Australian Open. He is one of only two men of black African ancestry to win a Grand Slam singles title (the other being France's Yannick Noah, who won the French Open in 1983). The term black people usually refers to a racial group of Humans with dark Skin color, but the term has also been used to categorise a number of diverse This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Yannick Noah (born May 18 1960, Sedan, Ardennes, France) is a former professional Tennis player from both France and The French Open ( Les Internationaux de France de Roland Garros or Tournoi de Roland-Garros) is a major Tennis tournament held over Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar)

In his 1979 autobiography, Jack Kramer, the long-time tennis promoter and great player himself, ranked Ashe as one of the 21 best players of all time. John Albert Kramer (born August 1, 1921, in Las Vegas, Nevada) was a champion U ^[4]

After his retirement, Ashe took on many new tasks, including writing for Time magazine, commentating for ABC Sports, founding the National Junior Tennis League, and serving as captain of the U. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and S. Davis Cup team. In 1983, Ashe underwent a second heart surgery. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) He was elected to the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1985. The International Tennis Hall of Fame is a non-profit Tennis Hall of fame and Museum at the Newport Casino in Newport Rhode Island Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar)

Personal life

Ashe served in the U. S. Army from 1966–68, reaching the rank of second lieutenant.

On February 20, 1977, Ashe married Jeanne Moutoussamy, a photographer he had met four months earlier. Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Andrew Young, the U. This page is about Congressman and Ambassador Andrew Young For other men with the same name see Andrew Young (disambiguation. S. ambassador to the United Nations, performed the ceremony at the U. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security N. chapel in New York. Arthur and Jeanne adopted one child together, a daughter, who was born on December 21, 1986. Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) She was named Camera after her mother's profession. Camera was only six years old when her father died.

In 1979, Ashe suffered a heart attack, an event that surprised the public in view of his high level of fitness as an athlete. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply His condition drew attention to the hereditary aspect of heart disease. Ashe underwent a quadruple coronary-bypass operation, performed by Dr. John Hutchinson on December 13, 1979. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) ^[5] Ashe reported that Dr. Hutchinson removed veins from his legs and implanted them in his chest to take over the functions of his clogged arteries. ^[6] A few months after the operation, Ashe was on the verge of making his return to professional tennis. While on a family trip in Cairo, Egypt, Ashe saw his dreams of returning quickly fade away. Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. He was running one afternoon when chest pain struck again. Ashe stopped running and returned to see physician and close friend Douglas Stein, who had accompanied the family on the trip. Stein urged Ashe to return to New York City so he could be close to his cardiologist and surgeon. The City of New York ^[7]

The story of Ashe's life turned from success to tragedy in 1988 when Ashe discovered he had contracted HIV during the blood transfusions he had received during one of his two heart surgeries. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) is a Lentivirus (a member of the Retrovirus family that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Blood transfusion is the process of transferring Blood or blood-based products from one person into the Circulatory system of another He and his wife kept his illness private until April 8, 1992, when reports that the newspaper USA Today was about to publish a story about his condition forced him to make a public announcement that he had the disease. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) USA TODAY is a national American daily Newspaper published by the Gannett Company. In the last year of his life, Ashe did much to call attention to AIDS sufferers worldwide. Two months before his death, he founded the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health to help address issues of inadequate health care delivery and was named Sports Illustrated magazine's Sportsman of the Year. Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing Sports Illustrated is an American Sports Magazine owned by media conglomerate Time Warner. Since its inception in 1954, Sports Illustrated magazine has annually presented the " He also spent much of the last years of his life writing his memoir Days of Grace, finishing the manuscript less than a week before his death. for other uses see Memoir (disambiguation As a literary Genre, a memoir (from the French: mémoire A manuscript is any Document that is Written by hand as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way

Ashe died from complications from AIDS on February 6, 1993. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar)

Civil rights leader

Arthur, the first African-American male to win a Grand Slam event, was an active civil rights supporter. The four Grand Slam tournaments are the most important Tennis events of the year He was a member of a delegation of 31 prominent African-Americans who visited South Africa to observe political change in the country as it approached racial integration. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa

He was arrested on January 11, 1985, for protesting outside the South African embassy in Washington D.C during an anti-apartheid rally. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) A diplomatic mission is a group of people from one State or an international Inter-governmental organization (such as the United Nations) present in Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D He was also arrested again on September 9, 1992, outside the White House for protesting on the recent crackdown on Haitian refugees. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar)

Quotes

• "From what we get, we can make a living; what we give, however, makes a life. "
• "For every hour spent on the playing field, two should be spent with a book. "
• "Let me put it this way: I think Republicans tend to keep the ball in play, Democrats go for broke. "
• "True heroism is remarkably sober, very undramatic. It is not the urge to surpass all others at whatever cost, but the urge to serve others at whatever the cost. "
• During his battle with AIDS, one of his fans asked, "Why does God have to select you for such a bad disease?" Ashe replied, "The world over — 50,000,000 children start playing tennis, 5,000,000 learn to play tennis, 500,000 learn professional tennis, 50,000 come to the circuit, 5,000 reach the Grand Slam, 50 reach Wimbledon, 4 to the semifinals, 2 to the finals. When I was holding a cup, I never asked God 'Why me?' And today in pain I should not be asking God, 'Why me?'"
• "Clothes and manners do not make the man; but when he is made, they greatly improve his appearance. "
• "You are never really playing an opponent. You are playing yourself, your own highest standards, and when you reach your limits, that is real joy. "^[8]
• "If one's reputation is a possession, then of all my possessions, my reputation means most to me. "
• "Start where you are. Use what you have. Do what you can. "

Honors

• After Ashe's death, his body lay in State at the Governor's Mansion in his home state of Virginia. The last time this was done was for Stonewall Jackson of the Confederate Army during the Civil War. Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21 1824 &ndash May 10 1863 was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and probably the
• The city of Richmond posthumously honored Ashe's life with a statue on Monument Avenue, a place that was traditionally reserved for statues of key figures of the Confederacy. Monument Avenue, in Richmond Virginia, memorializes Virginian native Confederate participants of the Civil War and one 20th century Richmond native The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 This decision led to some controversy in a city that was the capital of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South
  

  The Arthur Ashe Stadium in 2005.
• The main stadium at the USTA National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows Park, where the U. Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, often referred to as Flushing Meadow Park or Flushing Meadows Park, is located in northern Queens, New York City S. Open is played, is named Arthur Ashe Stadium in his honor. Arthur Ashe Stadium, located within Flushing Meadows Park in Flushing Queens New York at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, is the This is also the home of the annual Arthur Ashe Kids Day. Arthur Ashe Kids' Day is an annual Tennis /children’s event that takes place in the end of August at the United States Tennis Association at Arthur Ashe Stadium
• In 2002, Arthur's achievement at Wimbledon in 1975 was voted 95th in Channel 4's 100 Greatest Sporting Moments.
• In 2005, the United States Postal Service announced the release of an Arthur Ashe commemorative postal stamp, the first stamp ever to feature the cover of a Sports Illustrated magazine. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sports Illustrated is an American Sports Magazine owned by media conglomerate Time Warner.
• Also in 2005, TENNIS Magazine put him in 30th place in its list of 40 Greatest Players of the TENNIS era.
• His wife wrote a book, Daddy and Me, a photographic journey told from the perspective of his young daughter. Another book, Arthur Ashe and Me, also gives young readers a chance to learn about his life.
• ESPN's annual sports awards, the ESPY Awards, hands out the Arthur Ashe for Courage Award to a member of the sports world who best exhibits courage in the face of adversity. ESPN, originally an acronym for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, is an American Cable television network dedicated to The ESPY Awards is an annual Sports awards event created and broadcast by American Cable television network ESPN. The Arthur Ashe Courage Award (sometimes called the Arthur Ashe Award for Courage or Arthur Ashe for Courage Award) is an award that is part of the
• Philadelphia's Arthur Ashe Youth Tennis and Education Center and Richmond's Arthur Ashe, Jr. Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Athletic Center are named for Ashe.
• The Arthur Ashe Student Health and Wellness Center at Ashe's alma mater, UCLA, is named for him. The University of California Los Angeles (generally known as UCLA) is a public research university located in Westwood Los Angeles, California, United The center opened in 1997.

Notes

Grand Slam singles finals

Wins (3)

Year	Championship	Opponent in Final	Score in Final
1968	U.S. Open	Tom Okker	14–12, 5–7, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3
1970	Australian Open	Dick Crealy	6–4, 9–7, 6–2
1975	Wimbledon	Jimmy Connors	6–1, 6–1, 5–7, 6–4

Runner-ups (4)

Year	Championship	Opponent in Final	Score in Final
1966	Australian Championships	Roy Emerson	6–4, 6–8, 6–2, 6–3
1967	Australian Championships	Roy Emerson	6–4, 6–1, 6–4
1971	Australian Open	Ken Rosewall	6–1, 7–5, 6–3
1972	U.S. Open	Ilie Năstase	3–6, 6–3, 6–7, 6–4, 6–3

All finals

Singles

Wins (33)

1. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The US Open Tennis tournament is one of the oldest tennis championships in the world first contested in 1881 Tom Okker (born February 22 1944) nicknamed The Flying Dutchman and Tom the Twitch, is a former Dutch Tennis player Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Australian Open is one of the four Grand Slam Tennis Tournaments held each year Dick Crealy is a former Australian tennis player most notable for reaching the finals of the Australian Open in 1970 being a member of the 1970 Australian Davis Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Championships Wimbledon, or simply Wimbledon, is the oldest Tennis tournament in the world and is widely considered as the most prestigious James Scott "Jimmy" Connors (born September 2 1952 in East St Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The Australian Open is one of the four Grand Slam Tennis Tournaments held each year Roy Stanley Emerson (born November 3 1936) is a former Australian Tennis player who won 12 Grand Slam singles titles and 16 Grand Slam Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Kenneth Robert ("Ken" Rosewall AM MBE (born 2 November 1934, in Sydney, Australia) is a former amateur Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The US Open Tennis tournament is one of the oldest tennis championships in the world first contested in 1881 Ilie Năstase (born July 19, 1946, in Bucharest, Romania) is a former Romanian professional tennis player and one of the top players	1968	U. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. S. National Championships, USA
2. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the	29 August 1968	U.S. Open, New York City, USA	Grass	Tom Okker	14–12, 5–7, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3
3. Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The US Open Tennis tournament is one of the oldest tennis championships in the world first contested in 1881 The City of New York Tom Okker (born February 22 1944) nicknamed The Flying Dutchman and Tom the Twitch, is a former Dutch Tennis player	19 January 1970	Australian Open, Melbourne, Australia	Grass	Dick Crealy	6–4, 9–7, 6–2
4. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Australian Open is one of the four Grand Slam Tennis Tournaments held each year Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Dick Crealy is a former Australian tennis player most notable for reaching the finals of the Australian Open in 1970 being a member of the 1970 Australian Davis	1970	Berkeley, California
5. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in Northern California, in the United States.	1970	Paris, France
6. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The BNP Paribas Masters is an annual Tennis tournament for male professional players held in Paris, France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.	1971	Charlotte, USA
7. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar.	1971	Paris, France
8. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar.	1971	Stockholm, Sweden

• 1972 – Louisville WCT, Montreal WCT, Rome WCT, Rotterdam WCT
• 1973 – Chicago WCT, Washington
• 1974 – Barcelona WCT, Bologna WCT, Stockholm
• 1975 – Barcelona WCT, Dallas WCT, Los Angeles, Munich WCT, Rotterdam WCT, San Francisco, Stockholm - WCT, Wimbledon
• 1976 – Columbus WCT, Indianapolis WCT, Richmond WCT, Rome WCT, Rotterdam WCT
• 1978 – Colombus, Los Angeles, San Jose

References and external links

• International Tennis Hall of Fame profile
• ATP Tour profile for Arthur Ashe
• Sports Illustrated Arthur Ashe tribute website
• Official Arthur Ashe website
• Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health
• Arthur Ashe & Monument Avenue in Richmond, VA [1] alex[2][3]
• Arthur Ashe's Gravesite
• FBI files—Arthur Ashe is mentioned within six references of records maintained within FBIHQ main files concerning the Black Panther Party, the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, the Revolutionary Union and two newspaper articles. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. The If Stockholm Open is an Tennis event on the ATP Tour held in Stockholm, Sweden in the end of October or beginning of November each year "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament (known as the ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament for sponsorship reasons is a professional Tennis tournament played The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP was formed in 1972 to protect the interests of male professional Tennis players
• The Game — My 40 Years in Tennis (1979) — Jack Kramer with Frank Deford (ISBN 0-399-12336-9)
• Tv.com profile

Further reading

• Deford, Frank; Ashe, Arthur (1975). Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Arthur Ashe: Portrait in Motion. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-20429-1.  
• Rampersad, Arnold; Ashe, Arthur (1993). Days of Grace: A Memoir. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-679-42396-6.  
• Towle, Mike (2001). I Remember Arthur Ashe: Memories of a True Tennis Pioneer and Champion of Social Causes by the People Who Knew Him. Cumberland House Publishing. ISBN 1-58182-149-2.  

Video

• Wimbledon 1975 Final: Ashe vs. Connors Standing Room Only, DVD Release Date: October 30, 2007, Run Time: 120 minutes, ASIN: B000V02CTQ.

Persondata
NAME	Ashe, Arthur Robert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	American tennis player
DATE OF BIRTH	July 10, 1943
PLACE OF BIRTH	Richmond, Virginia, United States
DATE OF DEATH	February 6, 1993
PLACE OF DEATH	New York City, New York, United States

Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar)

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