Artaxerxes II Mnemon (Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠^[1] Artaxšaçrā, Ancient Greek: Αρταξέρξης) (ca. The following is a comprehensive list of kings of Persia, which includes all of the empires ruling over geographical Iran Events By place Greece The Athenian leader Cleophon continues to urge resistance against the Peloponnesians but the situation Events By place Persian Empire Artaxerxes III ("Ochus" succeeds Artaxerxes II as King of Persia and restores Circa (often abbreviated c, ca, ca or cca and sometimes Italicized to show it is Latin) means "about" Events By place Greece Following Pericles ' visit to the Black Sea, a large Athenian Colony is founded at Events By place Persian Empire Artaxerxes III ("Ochus" succeeds Artaxerxes II as King of Persia and restores Darius II ( Dārayavahuš) originally called Ochus and often surnamed Nothus (from Greek νοθος meaning 'bastard' was king of the An heir apparent is an Heir who (short of a fundamental change in the situation cannot be displaced from inheriting the term is used in contrast to Heir presumptive Artaxerxes III of Persia ( Ca 425 BC &ndash 338 BC ( Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 transliterated as Artaxšaçrā) was the Great Artaxerxes III of Persia ( Ca 425 BC &ndash 338 BC ( Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 transliterated as Artaxšaçrā) was the Great Artaxerxes III of Persia ( Ca 425 BC &ndash 338 BC ( Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 transliterated as Artaxšaçrā) was the Great The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenid Persian Empire ( haχɒmaneʃijɒn (558–330 BC was the first of the Persian Empires to rule over significant portions of Parysatis was the 5th century BCE illegitimate daughter of Artaxerxes I, Emperor of Persia and Andia of Babylon. The Old Persian language is one of the two attested Old Iranian languages (besides Avestan) The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c 436 – 358 BC) was king of Persia from 404 BC until his death. Events By place Greece Following Pericles ' visit to the Black Sea, a large Athenian Colony is founded at Events By place Persian Empire Artaxerxes III ("Ochus" succeeds Artaxerxes II as King of Persia and restores The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Events By place Greece The Athenian leader Cleophon continues to urge resistance against the Peloponnesians but the situation He was a son of Darius II of Persia and Parysatis. Darius II ( Dārayavahuš) originally called Ochus and often surnamed Nothus (from Greek νοθος meaning 'bastard' was king of the Parysatis was the 5th century BCE illegitimate daughter of Artaxerxes I, Emperor of Persia and Andia of Babylon.

Reign

He defended his position against his brother Cyrus the Younger, who was defeated and killed at the Battle of Cunaxa in 401 BC, and against a revolt of the provincial governors, the satraps (366 – 358 BC). Cyrus (Kuruš the Younger, son of Darius II of Persia (Dārayavahuš and Parysatis, was a Persian prince and General. The Battle of Cunaxa was fought in 401 BC between Cyrus the Younger and his elder brother Arsaces who had inherited the Persian throne as Artaxerxes Events By place Persian empire Cyrus the Younger uses a quarrel with Tissaphernes over the Ionian cities as a pretext See also the related deity Satrapes. Satrap (Persian ساتراپ was the name given to the governors of the Provinces of ancient Events By place Persian empire In Persia, a number of Satraps of King Artaxerxes II begin a revolt in alliance with He also became involved in a war with Persia's erstwhile allies, the Spartans, who, under Agesilaus, invaded Asia Minor. The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη Agesilaus ( Greek) was a Greek historian who wrote a work on the early history of Italy fragments of which are preserved in Plutarch 's "Parallel Lives" Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black In order to redirect the Spartans attention to Greek affairs Artaxerxes subsidized their enemies: in particular the Athenians, Thebans, and Corinthians. The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Thebes ( Classic Greek Θῆβαι, Mod Θήβα) is a city in Greece, situated to the north of the Cithaeron range which divides Corinth, or Korinth ( Greek Κόρινθος ( is a city in Greece. These subsidies helped to engage the Spartans in what would become known as the Corinthian War. The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη The Corinthian War was an ancient Greek conflict lasting from 395 BC until 387 BC pitting Sparta against a coalition of four allied states Thebes In 386 BC, Artaxerxes II betrayed his allies and came to an arrangement with Sparta, and in the Treaty of Antalcidas he forced his erstwhile allies to come to terms. Events By place Persian Empire Freed from Spartan attacks by the King's Peace of the previous year Persia turns to The Peace of Antalcidas ( 387 BC) also known as the King's Peace, was a Peace treaty that ended the Corinthian War in Ancient Greece This treaty restored control of the Greek cities of Ionia and Aeolis on the Anatolian coast to the Persians, while giving Sparta dominance on the Greek mainland. Geography Physical Ionia was of small extent not exceeding 90 geographical miles in length from north to south with a breadth varying from 40 to 55 miles but to this Alternative meaning the Aeolis region of Mars. Geography Aeolis was an ancient district on the western coast of Asia Minor

Although successful against the Greeks, Artaxerxes had more trouble with the Egyptians, who had successfully revolted against him at the beginning of his reign. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. An attempt to reconquer Egypt in 373 BC was completely unsuccessful, but in his waning years the Persians did manage to defeat a joint Egyptian–Spartan effort to conquer Phoenicia. Events By place Persian Empire The Persian King Artaxerxes II launches an invasion of Egypt to bring that country Phoenicia ( Phoenician: Phoenician nunsvg|12px|נ]]Phoenician nun

He is reported to have had a number of wives, chief among whom was a Greek woman of Phocaea named Aspasia (not the same as the concubine of Pericles). This article is about the ancient city For the modern city see Foça Phocaea, or Phokaia, (Φώκαια (modern-day Foça Pericles (also spelled Perikles) (c 495 – 429 BC Greek:, meaning "surrounded by glory" was a prominent and influential Statesman, orator He also is said to have loved a young eunuch by the name of Tiridates, who died "as he was emerging from childhood. A eunuch (ˈjuːnək is a Castrated man in particular one castrated early enough to have major hormonal consequences the term usually refers to those castrated in order to " His death caused Artaxerxes enormous grief, and there was public mourning for him throughout the empire as an offering to the king from his subjects. ^[2] Artaxerxes II is said to have more than 115 sons from 350 wives. ^[3]

He is thought to be one of the prime candidates for the Persian king Ahasuerus of the Purim story. Ahasuerus ( Latin: Xerxes, Persian: Khashayarshah, commonly transliterated Achashverosh) is a name used several times in the

Building projects

Much of Artaxerxes's wealth was spent on building projects. He restored the palace of Darius I at Susa, and also the fortifications; including a strong redoubt at the southeast corner of the enclosure and gave Ecbatana a new apadana and sculptures. He seems not to have built much at Persepolis.

See also

• Artaxerxes I
• History of Persia
• The Anabasis
• Ten Thousand (Greek)

References

1. ^ Moradi Ghiasabadi, Reza (2004). Artaxerxes I (Latin Greek Ἀρταξέρξης Persian اردشیر یکم (Ardeshir corruption of Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎭𐎧𐎨𐏁𐎨 Artaxšacā The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia This article is about the The Ten Thousand were a group of Mercenary units mainly Greek, drawn up by Cyrus the Younger to attempt to wrest the throne of the Persian Empire Achaemenid Inscriptions (کتیبه‌های هخامنشی)‎, 2nd edition (in Persian Persian Studies), Tehran: Shiraz Navid Publications, page 138. ISBN 964-358-015-6.  
2. ^ Aelian, Varia Historia, 12. Aelian or Aelianus may refer to Aelianus Tacticus, Greek military writer of the 2nd century who lived in Rome Casperius Aelianus 1
3. ^ History of Iran

External links

• Internet Classics Archive - Artaxerxes by Plutarch