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Army Group North (German: 'Heeresgruppe Nord') was a strategic echelon formation commanding a grouping of Field Armies subordinated to the OKH during World War II. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces The Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH was Germany 's Army High Command from 1936 to 1945 World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The army group coordinated the operations of attached separate army corps, reserve formations, rear services and logistics. An army group is a Military organization consisting of several field armies, which is self-sufficient for indefinite periods This article is about a military unit For alternative meanings see Corps (disambiguation.

Contents

Formation

The Army Group North was created on the 2 September 1939 by reorganization of the 2nd Army Headquarters.
Commander in Chief 27 August 1939: GFM Fedor von Bock

Campaign and operation history

Invasion of Poland

The first employment of Army Group Nord was in the Invasion of Poland of 1939, where in September it controlled:

The Army Group was commanded by Fedor von Bock for the operation. Fedor von Bock ( December 3, 1880 &ndash May 4, 1945) was an officer in the German Military from 1898 to

After completion of the Poland Campaign it was transferred to the Western Theatre and on the 10 October 1939 was renamed as the Army Group B, and consisted of:

Operation Barbarossa

During Operation Barbarossa) Army Group North, commanded by Field Marshal Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb staged in East Prussia. Operation Barbarossa ( Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the Codename for Nazi Germany 's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb ( September 5, 1876 - April 29, 1956) was a German Field Marshal during World War II East Prussia (Ostpreußen; Rytų Prūsija or Rytprūsiai; Prusy Wschodnie Восточная Пруссия or Vostochnaya Prussiya) refers to the main part Its strategic goal was Leningrad, with operational objectives being the territories of the Baltic republics and securing the northern flank of Army Group Centre in Northern Russia between Western Dvina river and Daugavpils-Kholm Army Group boundary. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River The Baltic states (Balti riigid Baltijas valstis Baltijos valstybės or Baltic countries are three countries in Northern Europe, all members of the Army Group Center (Heeresgruppe Mitte was the name of two distinct German strategic Army groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II Daugavpils (daugavpils) is the second largest City in Latvia. Kholm (Холм is a town in the southern part of Novgorod Oblast, Russia, the administrative center of Kholmsky District. On commencement of the Wehrmacht's Baltic offensive operation the Army Group deployed into Lithuania and northern Belorussia.

On the 20 June 1941 it was renamed again in preparation for the beginning of the Russia campaign into Army Group C. It served mainly in Baltic territories and north Russia until 1944.

Commander in Chief 20 June 1941: GFM Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb

Its subordinate Armies were deployed with the following immediate objectives:

The Baltic offensive operation

All operational objectives such as Tallinn were achieved despite stubborn Red Army resistance and several unsuccessful counter-offensives such as the Battle of Raseiniai, and the Army Group approached Leningrad, commencing the Siege of Leningrad. Events 451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius ' defeats Attila the Hun. Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb ( September 5, 1876 - April 29, 1956) was a German Field Marshal during World War II The 18th Army (German 18 Armee) was a World War II Field army. The 4th Panzer Army (German 4Panzer-Armee) was before being designated a full army the Panzer Group 4 ( Panzergruppe 4) a German Panzer The Soviet evacuation of Tallinn in August 1941 was a Naval operation which consisted of 165 ship and evacuated 28000 passengers and 66000 ton of equipment A counterattack The Battle of Raseiniai (23–27 June 1941 was a tank battle fought between the elements of the 4th Panzer Army and two Soviet Mechanized Corps in Lithuania The Siege of Leningrad, also known as The Leningrad Blockade ( Russian: блокада Ленинграда ( transliteration: blokada Leningrada However, while the Baltic states were over-run, the Siege of Leningrad continued until 1944, when it was lifted as a result of the Red Army Leningrad-Novgorod strategic offensive operation. The Siege of Leningrad, also known as The Leningrad Blockade ( Russian: блокада Ленинграда ( transliteration: blokada Leningrada

In September of 1941, the Spanish Blue Division was assigned to Army Group North. The Blue Division (División Azul Blaue Division or 250 Infanterie-Division in the German Army, was a unit of Spanish volunteers

Northern Russia offensive operation

Composition:
October 1941

Nevsky Pyatachok
Operation Nordlicht

Northern Russia defensive Campaign

Commander in Chief 17 January 1942: GFM Georg von Küchler

Composition:
September 1942

December 1942

Demyansk Pocket
Soviet Toropets-Kholm Operation
Battle of Velikiye Luki
Battle of Krasny Bor

Wotan Line Campaign

Commander in Chief 9 January 1944: GFM Walter Model

Battle of Porkuni
Battle of Narva (1944)
Battle of Narva - Battle of the Tannenberg Line (1944)

The Baltic defensive Campaign

Commander in Chief 31 March 1944: Generaloberst Georg Lindemann
Commander in Chief 4 July 1944: Generaloberst Johannes Frießner
Commander in Chief 23 July 1944: GFM Ferdinand Schörner

March 1944

After becoming trapped in the Courland Cauldron after 25 January 1945 the Army Group was renamed into Courland Army Group. Nevsky Pyatachok (Не́вский пятачо́к is the name of the Neva Bridgehead 50 km east south-east of Leningrad and 15km south of Shlisselburg, and was Operation Nordlicht ("Operation Northern Lights" refers to two German military operations during the World War II Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Georg Karl Friedrich Wilhelm von Küchler ( May 30 1881 &ndash May 25 1968) was a German Field marshal during Demyansk Pocket ( German: Festung Demjansk or Kessel von Demjansk; Демя́нский котёл is a name for the encirclement of German troops The Velikiye Luki offensive operation (Великолукская наступательная операция was executed by the forces of the Red Army 's Kalinin The Battle of Krasny Bor was fought between the German Wehrmacht 's 250th Infantry Division, composed of Spanish volunteers and the Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Otto Moritz Walter Model ('modəl (24 January 1891 – 21 April 1945 was a German general and later field marshal during World War II. Battle of Porkuni or Porkuni battle (in Estonian Porkuni lahing was the largest engagement between Estonians serving in the Red Army and Estonian volunteers in Wehrmacht The Battle of Narva was a battle spanning combat in the Battle for the Narva Bridgehead, Battle of the Tannenbergstellung and the completion of the Baltic Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Georg Lindemann ( 8 March 1884 &ndash 25 September 1963) was a German Cavalry officer and Field Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Johannes Frießner ( March 22, 1892 &ndash June 26, 1971) was a German General during World War II. Events 1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe France. Ferdinand Schörner ( 12 June, 1892 - July 2, 1973; also Schoerner) was a General and later Field Marshal ( Generalfeldmarschall On the same day in East Prussia a new Army Group North was created by renaming Army Group Center. On the 2 April 1945 it was dissolved, and the Staff formed 12th Army headquarters of the Wehrmacht Heer. The Heer was the land forces component of the German armed forces ( Wehrmacht) from 1935 to 1945, which also included the Navy (
Soviet Baltic Offensive
Battle of Vilnius (1944)
Battle of Memel

Campaign in East Prussia

Army Group North (old Army Group Centre), was driven into an ever smaller pocket around Königsberg in East Prussia. The Battle of Memel or the Siege of Memel took place when the Soviets launched their Memel Offensive Operation (Мемельская наступательная The Battle of Königsberg, better known as the Königsberg Offensive Operation, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian Strategic Offensive operation East Prussia (Ostpreußen; Rytų Prūsija or Rytprūsiai; Prusy Wschodnie Восточная Пруссия or Vostochnaya Prussiya) refers to the main part On April 9, 1945 Königsberg finally fell to the Red Army, although remnants of Army Group units continued to resist on the Heiligenbeil & Danzig beachheads until the end of the war in Europe. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Gdańsk ( Polish pronunciation; 'Danzig', Gduńsk Gedania Dantiscum is the City at the centre of the fourth-largest Metropolitan area in Poland

October 1944

November 1944

December 1944

Soviet East Prussian Offensive
Battle of Königsberg
Heiligenbeil pocket

Campaign in West Prussia

Commander in Chief 27 January 1945: Generaloberst Dr. Lothar Rendulic
Commander in Chief 12 March 1945: Walter Weiss
Composition:
February 1945

Soviet East Pomeranian Offensive
Battle of Kolberg
Courland Pocket
On the 25 January 1945 Hitler renamed three army groups. The East Prussian Offensive, known officially to the Soviets as the East Prussian Strategic Offensive Operation (Восточно-Прусская стратегическая The Battle of Königsberg, better known as the Königsberg Offensive Operation, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian Strategic Offensive operation The Heiligenbeil Pocket or Heiligenbeil Cauldron (Heiligenbeiler Kessel was the site of a major Encirclement battle on the Eastern Front during the Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Generaloberst Dr Lothar Rendulic ( November 23, 1887 &ndash January 18, 1971) was an Austro-Hungarian and Austrian Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Colonel-General Walter Weiß was a German army officer in World War II. The 4th Army (4 Armee Oberkommando was a field army that fought in World War II. The East Pomeranian Strategic Offensive operation (Восточно-Померанская наступательная операция was an offensive by the Red This is an article about the 1945 battle For the 1807 siege see Siege of Kolberg (1807. The Courland Pocket referred to the Red Army 's blockade or encirclement of Axis forces on the Courland peninsula during the closing months of World War II Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Army Group North became Army Group Courland, more appropriate as it had been isolated from Army Group Centre and was trapped in Courland, Latvia; Army Group Centre became Army Group North and Army Group A became Army Group Centre. Army Group Courland (Heeresgruppe Kurland was a German Army Group on the Eastern Front which was created from remnants of the Army Group North, Army Group Center (Heeresgruppe Mitte was the name of two distinct German strategic Army groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II Army Group A was the name of a number of German Army Groups during World War II.

Surrender

Myths

Memorials

A German military cemetery by Lake Ilmen.
A German military cemetery by Lake Ilmen. Ilmen (Ильмень is a historically important Lake in the Novgorod Oblast of Russia, formerly a vital part of the Trade route from the Varangians

Popular culture

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

See also

Online resources

Further reading

This article details the order of battle of German army units invading Poland in 1939. The List of World War II military units of Germany contains all Military units to serve with the Armed forces of Germany during World War II.
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