State of Arizona
Flag of Arizona Seal Nickname(s): The Grand Canyon State, The Copper State Motto(s): Ditat Deus ("God enriches") Before Statehood Known as The Arizona Territory
Official language(s)	English
Spoken language(s)	English 74. The Flag of Arizona does not contain a state seal but consists of 13 rays of red and gold (the Conquistador colors and of the Flag of Spain The Great Seal of the State of Arizona is ringed by the words “Great Seal of the State of Arizona” on the top and 1912 the year of Arizona’s statehood on the bottom This is a list of US state nicknames, including officially adopted Nicknames and other traditional nicknames for individual states of the United States. The Grand Canyon Here is a list of state Mottos for the states of the United States of America. Ditat Deus ( Latin "God enriches" is the state motto of Arizona. The Territory of Arizona was an Organized territory of the United States that existed between 1863 and 1912 The United States does not have an Official language; however the majority of the population speaks English as a native language (about 82% English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The United States does not have an Official language; however the majority of the population speaks English as a native language (about 82% English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States 1%, Spanish 19. 5%, Navajo 1. Navajo or Navaho ( native name: Diné bizaad) is an Athabaskan language (of Na-Dené stock spoken in the southwest United States by 9%
Demonym	Arizonan
Capital	Phoenix
Largest city	Phoenix
Largest metro area	Phoenix Metropolitan Area
Area	Ranked 6th in the US
- Total	113,998 sq mi (295,254 km²)
- Width	310 miles (500 km)
- Length	400 miles (645 km)
- % water	0. A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place Washington DC has been the capital of the United States since 1800 Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, This is a list of the largest cities of US states by population Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced The Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, is a Metropolitan area that includes the City of Phoenix, much of the rest of Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a complete list of the states of the United States and its major territories ordered by total area, land area, and water area The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand 32
- Latitude	31° 20′ N to 37° N
- Longitude	109° 3′ W to 114° 49′ W
Population	Ranked 16th in the US
- Total	6,338,666
- Density	45. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology This is a list of states of the United States by population (with inhabited non-state jurisdictions included for comparison as of July 1, 2007, according to the This article is a list of the 50 US States ordered by Population density. 2/sq mi  17. 43/km² (36th in the US)
Elevation
- Highest point	Humphreys Peak[1] 12,633 ft  (3,851 m)
- Mean	4,100 ft  (1,250 m)
- Lowest point	Colorado River[1] 70 ft  (22 m)
Admission to Union	February 14, 1912 (48th)
Governor	Janet Napolitano (D)
Lieutenant Governor	None[2]
U.S. Senators	John McCain (R) Jon Kyl (R)
Congressional Delegation	List
Time zones
- Most of State	Mountain: UTC-7
- Navajo Nation	Mountain: UTC-7/-6
Abbreviations	AZ Ariz. US-AZ
Website	www.az.gov

Arizona State Symbols
Living Symbols
-Amphibian	Arizona Tree Frog
-Bird	Cactus Wren
-Butterfly	Two-tailed Swallowtail
-Fish	Apache trout
-Flower	Saguaro Cactus blossom
-Insect	Two-tailed Swallowtail
-Mammal	Ring-tailed Cat
-Reptile	Arizona Ridge-Nosed Rattlesnake
-Tree	Palo verde
Colors	Blue, Old Gold
Fossil	Petrified wood
Gemstone	Turquoise
Mineral	Fire Agate
Rock	Petrified wood
Ship(s)	USS Arizona
Slogan(s)	The Grand Canyon State
Soil	Casa Grande
Song(s)	Arizona, Arizona March Song
Route Marker(s)
Quarter	2008
See Also

The State of Arizona (IPA: /ˌeɪrɪˈzoʊnə/) is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government The Southwestern area of the United States could be defined as the states west of the Mississippi River, with the qualification of a certain northern limit such as the 37 The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The capital and largest city is Phoenix. Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, The five next largest cities are Tucson, Mesa, Chandler, Glendale, and Scottsdale. Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast Mesa ( "MACE-uh") is a city in Maricopa County, in the U Chandler is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, and is a prominent suburb of the Phoenix Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA Glendale ( is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, located about nine miles northwest from Downtown Phoenix. Scottsdale ( O'odham Vaṣai S-vaṣonĭ; Yaqui Eskatel) is a city in the eastern part of Maricopa County, Arizona, ^[3] Arizona was the 48th and last of the contiguous states admitted to the Union on February 14, 1912. The term continental United States refers to the 48 contiguous states located on the North American continent south of the border with Canada plus the District Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting ^[4] Arizona is noted for its desert climate, exceptionally hot summers, and mild winters, but the high country in the north features pine forests and mountain ranges with cooler weather than the lower deserts. A desert is a Landscape or region that receives very little precipitation. New population figures for the year ending July 1, 2006 indicate that Arizona was at that time the fastest growing state in the United States, exceeding the growth of the previous leader, Nevada. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America.

Arizona is one of the Four Corners states. The Four Corners is a region of the United States consisting of southwest Colorado, northwest New Mexico, northeast Arizona and southeast It borders New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California, touches Colorado, and has a 389-mile (626 km) international border with the states of Sonora and Baja California in Mexico. New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. The State of Utah (ˈjuːtɔː or) is a western state of the United States. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The State of Colorado ( or chiefly by nonresidents) is a state located in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States of America. Borders define geographic boundaries of political entities or legal jurisdictions such as Governments States or subnational administrative Sonora is one of the 31 federal states of Mexico and is located in the northwest of the country Baja California (pronounced ˈbɑːhɑː kælɨˈfɔrnjə in English is the northernmost state of Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. In addition to the Grand Canyon, many other national forests, parks, monuments, and Indian reservations are located in the state. Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park is one of the United States' oldest national parks and is located in Arizona. "National forest" redirects here for the National Forest in England see National Forest England; for those in Brazil see List of Brazilian National Forests The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation An Indian reservation is an area of land managed by a Native American Tribe under the United States Department of the Interior's Bureau

Contents 1 Geography 1.1 Climate 2 History 3 Demographics 3.1 Religion 4 Economy 4.1 Employment 4.2 Taxation 5 Transportation 5.1 Highways 5.2 Public transportation and intercity bus 5.3 Aviation 6 Law and government 6.1 Capitol complex 6.2 State legislature 6.3 State executive branch 6.4 Federal representation 6.5 Political culture 7 Important cities and towns 8 Education 8.1 Elementary and secondary education 8.2 Colleges and universities 8.2.1 Public colleges and universities 8.2.2 Private four-year colleges and universities (non-profit) 8.2.3 Professional Schools, Trade Schools, and For-Profit Private Colleges 8.2.4 Public two-year colleges 9 Professional sports teams 9.1 Spring training 10 Miscellaneous topics 10.1 Art and pop culture 10.2 Notable people 10.3 State symbols 11 See also 12 References 13 Further reading 14 External links 14.1 Official State Government website 14.2 Other references 14.3 Tourism information

Geography

See also lists of counties, rivers, lakes, state parks, National Parks and National Forests. This is a list of counties in Arizona. There are 15 counties in the U List of Rivers in Arizona ( US state) sorted by name By Drainage Basin This list is arranged by drainage basin with respective This is a list of Lakes and reservoirs located in the US state of Arizona. Areas controlled by the National Park System include Canyon De Chelly National Monument in Chinle Casa Grande Ruins National Monument This is a list of all the National Forests in the United States.

Arizona is located in the Western United States as one of the Four Corners states. The Western United States &mdashcommonly referred to as the American West or simply the West &mdashtraditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost The Four Corners is a region of the United States consisting of southwest Colorado, northwest New Mexico, northeast Arizona and southeast Arizona is the sixth largest state in area, after New Mexico and before Nevada. New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. Of the state's 118,000 square miles (306,000 km²), approximately 15% is privately owned. The remaining area is public forest and park land, recreation areas and Native American reservations.

Arizona is best known for its desert landscape, which is rich in xerophyte plants such as cactus. A desert is a Landscape or region that receives very little precipitation. Landscape comprises the visible features of an area of land including physical elements such as Landforms living elements of flora and fauna abstract elements such as lighting A xerophyte or xerophytic organism ( xero meaning dry phyte meaning plant is a Plant which is able to survive in an ecosystem with little available A cactus (plural cacti) is any member of the Spine plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas It is also known for its climate, which presents exceptionally hot summers and mild winters. Less well known is the pine-covered high country of the Colorado Plateau in the north-central portion of the state, which contrasts with the desert Basin and Range region in the southern portions of the state. The Colorado Plateau, also called the Colorado Plateaus Province, is a physiographic region of the Intermontane Plateaus, roughly centered on the Basin and range is a geologic term for a type of Topography characterized by a series of separate and parallel mountain ranges with broad valleys interposed extending

Like other states of the Southwest, Arizona has an abundance of topographical characteristics in addition to its desert climate. The Southwestern area of the United States could be defined as the states west of the Mississippi River, with the qualification of a certain northern limit such as the 37 A desert is a Landscape or region that receives very little precipitation. More than half of the state features mountains and plateaus and contains the largest stand of Ponderosa pine in the world. A mountain is a Landform that extends above the surrounding Terrain in a limited area with a peak In Geology and Earth science, a plateau, also called a high plateau or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting Ponderosa Pine ( Pinus ponderosa) sometimes called Bull Pine or Western Yellow Pine is a widespread and variable Pine native to western North The Mogollon Rim, a 2,000-foot (610 m) escarpment, cuts across the central section of the state and marks the southwestern edge of the Colorado Plateau, where the state experienced its worst forest fire ever in 2002. The Mogollon Rim (mʌɡɨˈjɒn by local residents is a topographical and geological feature running across the U In Geomorphology, an escarpment is a transition zone between different physiogeographic provinces that involves a sharp steep Elevation differential characterized The Rodeo-Chediski fire was a Wildfire that burned in east-central Arizona beginning on June 18, 2002, and was not controlled until July Arizona belongs firmly within the Basin and Range region of North America. The region was shaped by prehistoric volcanism, followed by a cooling-off and related subsidence. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the In Geology, Engineering, and Surveying, subsidence is the motion of a surface (usually the Earth's surface as it shifts downward relative to The entire region is slowly sinking.

The Grand Canyon is a colorful, steep-sided gorge, carved by the Colorado River, in northern Arizona. The Grand Canyon For the song see CANYONMID. For the band see Canyon (band. A canyon (rarely cañon) or gorge The Colorado River (' Aha Kwahwat in Mojave) is a River in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, approximately The canyon is one of the seven natural wonders of the world and is largely contained in the Grand Canyon National Park—one of the first national parks in the United States. Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park is one of the United States' oldest national parks and is located in Arizona. A national park is a reserve of land usually declared and owned by a national Government, protected from most Human development and pollution The United States of America —commonly referred to as the President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of designating the Grand Canyon area, visiting on numerous occasions to hunt mountain lion and enjoy the scenery. Theodore Roosevelt (ˈroʊzəvɛlt October 27 1858 January 6 1919 also known as T The cougar ( Puma concolor) also puma, mountain lion, or panther, depending on region is a Mammal of the Felidae family

The Canyon was created by the Colorado River cutting a channel over millions of years, and is about 277 miles (446 km) long, ranges in width from 4 to 18 miles (6 to 29 kilometers) and attains a depth of more than 1 mile (1. The Colorado River (' Aha Kwahwat in Mojave) is a River in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, approximately 6 km). Nearly 2 billion years of the Earth's history has been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut through layer after layer of sediment as the Colorado Plateaus have uplifted. EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of The Colorado Plateau, also called the Colorado Plateaus Province, is a physiographic region of the Intermontane Plateaus, roughly centered on the

Arizona is home to one of the largest and most well-preserved meteorite impact sites in the world. The Barringer Meteorite Crater (better known simply as "Meteor Crater") is a gigantic hole in the middle of the high plains of the Colorado Plateau, about 25 miles (40 km) west of Winslow. Meteor Crater is a Meteorite Impact crater located approximately 43 miles east of Flagstaff, near Winslow in the northern Winslow ( Navajo: Béésh Sinil or Béésinil) is a city in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. A rim of smashed and jumbled boulders, some of them the size of small houses, rises 150 feet (46 m) above the level of the surrounding plain. The crater itself is nearly a mile wide, and 570 feet (174 m) deep.

Arizona does not observe Daylight Saving Time, except in the Navajo Nation, located in the northeastern region of the state. Daylight saving time ( DST The Navajo Nation ( Diné in the Navajo language) is a semi- autonomous Native American homeland covering about 26000 square miles (67339 square

Climate

Due to its large area and variations in elevation, the state has a wide variety of localized climate conditions. In the lower elevations, the climate is primarily desert, with mild winters and hot summers. Typically, from late fall to early spring, the weather is mild, averaging a minimum of 60 degrees Fahrenheit (15 °C). Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. November through February are the coldest months with temperatures typically ranging from 40–75 °F (4–24 °C), although occasional frosts are not uncommon. Frost is the solid deposition of Water vapor from saturated air About midway through February, the temperatures start to rise again with warm days, and cool breezy nights. The summer months of May through July bring a dry heat ranging from 90–120 °F (32–48 °C), with occasional high temperatures exceeding 125 °F (52 °C) having been observed in the desert area.

Due to the primarily dry climate, large temperature swings often occur between day and night in less developed areas of the desert. The swings can be as large as 50 °F (28 °C) in the summer months. In the state's urban centers, the effects of local warming result in much higher measured nighttime lows than in the recent past. An urban heat island ( UHI) is a metropolitan area which is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas

Arizona has an average annual rainfall of 12. 7 inches (323 mm),^[5] which comes during two rainy seasons, with cold fronts coming from the Pacific Ocean during the winter and a monsoon in the summer. A cold front defined as the leading edge of a cooler and drier mass of air The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind which lasts for several months ^[6] The monsoon season occurs towards the end of summer. In July or August, the dewpoint rises dramatically for a brief period. The dew point (sometimes spelled dewpoint) is the Temperature to which a given parcel of Air must be cooled at constant Barometric pressure, During this time,the air contains large amounts of water vapor. General properties of water vapor Evaporation/sublimation Whenever a water molecule leaves a surface it is said to have evaporated Dewpoints as high as 81°F (27 °C) ^[7] have been recorded during the Phoenix monsoon season. This hot moisture brings lightning, thunderstorms, wind, and torrential, if usually brief, downpours. Lightning is an atmospheric discharge of Electricity, which typically occurs during Thunderstorms and sometimes during volcanic eruptions or It is rare for tornadoes and hurricanes to occur in Arizona, but there are records of both occurring. A tornado is a violent rotating column of air which is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a Cumulonimbus cloud or in rare cases the base of a Cumulus An Arizona hurricane is a Tropical cyclone originating in the eastern Pacific Ocean that affects the U

However, the northern third of Arizona is a plateau at significantly higher altitudes than the lower desert, and has an appreciably cooler climate, with cold winters and mild summers. In Geology and Earth science, a plateau, also called a high plateau or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting Extreme cold temperatures are not unknown; cold air systems from the northern states and Canada occasionally push into the state, bringing temperatures below 0 °F (−18 °C) to the higher parts of the state. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

Indicative of the variation in climate, Arizona is the state which has both the metropolitan area with the most days over 100 °F (37. 8 °C) (Phoenix), and the metropolitan area in the lower 48 states with nearly the most days with a low temperature below freezing (Flagstaff). Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, Flagstaff (Kinłání is a city located in northern Arizona, in the southwestern United States ^[8]

Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures For Various Arizona Cities
City	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Flagstaff	43/17	46/19	50/23	58/27	68/34	79/41	82/50	80/49	74/42	63/31	51/22	44/17
Phoenix	65/43	69/47	74/51	83/58	92/66	102/75	104/81	102/80	97/75	86/63	73/50	65/44
Tucson	65/39	68/42	73/45	82/51	90/59	100/68	100/73	97/72	94/68	84/57	72/45	65/39
Winslow	47/21	54/26	62/31	70/37	79/45	90/54	93/62	90/61	84/53	72/40	58/29	47/21
Yuma	69/43	74/47	79/51	86/57	94/64	103/72	107/80	105/80	101/73	90/62	77/49	68/42
Source: US National Climatic Data Center[1]

History

Main article: History of Arizona

There is some disagreement over the proper etymology of the name "Arizona. Etymology is the study of the History of Words &mdash when they entered a language from what source and how their form and meaning have changed over time " Some scholars believe the name is simply an abbreviation of the Spanish phrase arida zona, "dry region", although the phrasing is atypical for Spanish. Others reject this derivation as capricious favoring explanations such as the Basque phrase aritz onak, "good oaks,"^[9][10] or the O'odham phrase alĭ ṣonak, "small spring". Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain O'odham (/ɔʔɔdham/ is an Uto-Aztecan language of southern Arizona and northern Sonora where the Tohono O'odham and Pima reside ^[11] The Basque etymology is the one preferred by Arizona state historian Marshall Trimble, among other specialists. The name Arizonac was initially applied to the silver mining camp, and later (shortened to Arizona) to the entire territory.

Meeting its original native inhabitants, probably the Sobaipuri, Marcos de Niza, a Spanish Franciscan, explored the area in 1539. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Sobaipuri were a Piman group who occupied southern Arizona and northern Sonora (the Pimería Alta) in the 1400-1800s This article is about the explorer For the high school in Tempe Arizona, see Marcos de Niza High School. The term Franciscan is commonly used to refer to members of Catholic The expedition of Spanish explorer Coronado entered the area in 1540–42 during its search for Cíbola. Francisco Vázquez de Coronado y Luján (Born in 1510 &ndash Died on September 22 1554 was a Spanish Conquistador, who visited New Mexico and other Quivira and Cíbola are two of the fantastic Seven Cities of Gold existing only in a myth that originated around the year 1150 when the Moors conquered Mérida Society of Jesus Father Kino developed a chain of missions and taught the Indians Christianity in Pimería Alta (now southern Arizona and northern Sonora) in the 1690s and early 1700s. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order Eusebio Francisco Kino SJ ( August 10, 1644 &ndash March 15, 1711) was a Catholic priest who became famous in what Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings An area of 18th century New Spain, the Pimería Alta (upper land of the Pimas encompassed parts of what are today southern Arizona in the United States Sonora is one of the 31 federal states of Mexico and is located in the northwest of the country Spain founded fortified towns (presidios) at Tubac in 1752 and Tucson in 1775. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. When Mexico achieved its independence from Spain in 1821, what is now Arizona became part of the Mexican State Nueva California, also known as Alta California. The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español was one of the largest Empires in history and one of the first Global empires In the 15th and 16th centuries ^[12] In the Mexican–American War (1847), the U. S. occupied Mexico City and forced the newly founded Mexican Republic to give up its northern territories, including the later Arizona. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) specified that the U. S. pay Mexico the sum of $15 Million US in compensation. ^[13] In 1853 the land below the Gila River was acquired from Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase. The Gila /'hilə/ River ( O'odham [Pima]: Gila Akimel) is a Tributary of the Colorado River, 650 Miles (1044 Kilometers The Gadsden Purchase (known as Venta de La Mesilla or Treaty of La Mesilla in Mexico is a region of what is today southern Arizona and New Mexico Arizona was administered as part of the Territory of New Mexico until southern New Mexico seceded^[14] from the Union as the Confederate Territory of Arizona on March 16, 1861. The Territory of New Mexico became an Organized territory of the United States on September 9, 1850, and it existed until New Mexico The Arizona Territory of the Confederate States of America was an Organized territory of the Confederacy that existed between 1861 and 1865 Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Arizona was recognized as a Confederate Territory by presidential proclamation by Jefferson Davis on February 12, 1862. Jefferson Finis Davis ( June 3, 1808 &ndash December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as President of the Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday This is the first official use of the name. A new Arizona Territory, consisting of the western half of New Mexico Territory was declared in Washington, D. The Territory of Arizona was an Organized territory of the United States that existed between 1863 and 1912 C. on February 24, 1863. Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The new boundaries would later form the basis of the state.

Other names including "Gadsonia", "Pimeria", "Montezuma", "Arizuma", and "Arizonia" had been considered for the territory,^[15] however when President Lincoln signed the final bill, it read "Arizona", and the name became permanent. Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal (Montezuma was not the Mexican Emperor, but the sacred name of a divine hero to the Pueblo people of the Gila valley, and was probably considered — and rejected — for its sentimental value, before the name "Arizona" was settled upon. Montezuma was the name of a heroic-god in the Mythology of certain Amerindian tribes of the Southwest United States notably the Tohono O'odham and The Pueblo people are a Native American people in the Southwestern United States. )

Brigham Young sent Mormons to Arizona in the mid-to-late 19th century. Brigham Young (June 1 1801 &ndash August 29 1877 was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. TalkMormon#Latter Day Saint vs Latter-day Saint --> Mormon They founded Mesa, Snowflake, Heber, Safford and other towns. Mesa ( "MACE-uh") is a city in Maricopa County, in the U Snowflake is a town in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. Heber-Overgaard is a Census-designated place (CDP in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. Safford ( Western Apache: Ichʼįʼ Nahiłtį́į́) is a city in Graham County, Arizona, United States. They also settled in the Phoenix Valley (or "Valley of the Sun"), Tempe, Prescott, among other areas. The Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, is a Metropolitan area that includes the City of Phoenix, much of the rest of Tempe (tɛmpiː Oidbaḍ in Pima) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with a 2007 population of 174091 Prescott ( Yavapai: Wiikwasa Kasikita) is a City in Yavapai County, Arizona, USA. The Mormons settled what became known as Northern Arizona and northern New Mexico, but these areas were located in a part of the former New Mexico Territory. Northern Arizona is dominated by the Colorado Plateau, the southern border of which in Arizona is called the Mogollon Rim. The Territory of New Mexico became an Organized territory of the United States on September 9, 1850, and it existed until New Mexico The largest ancestry of these settlers is German American. German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry

Arizona became a U. S. state on February 14, 1912, Arizona was the 48th state admitted into the U. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting S. and the last of the contiguous states admitted. The term continental United States refers to the 48 contiguous states located on the North American continent south of the border with Canada plus the District

Cotton farming and copper mining, two of Arizona's most important statewide industries, suffered heavily during the Great Depression, but it was during the 1920s and 1930s that tourism began to be the important Arizona industry it is today. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Dude ranches such as the K L Bar and Remuda in Wickenburg, along with the Flying V and Tanque Verde in Tucson, gave tourists the chance to experience the flavor and life of the "old West. " Several upscale hotels and resorts opened during this period, some of which are still top tourist draws to this day; they include the Arizona Biltmore Hotel in central Phoenix (opened 1929) and the Wigwam Resort on the west side of the Phoenix area (opened 1936). The Arizona Biltmore Hotel is a resort located in Phoenix near 24th Street and Camelback Road

Arizona was the site of German and Italian POW camps during World War II and Japanese US-resident internment camps. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including are Americans of Japanese heritage Japanese Americans have historically been among the three largest Asian American communities but in recent decades have become the sixth largest group However the camps were abolished after World War II. The Phoenix area site was purchased after the war by the Maytag family (of major home appliance fame), and is currently utilized as the Phoenix Zoo. Maytag Corporation was a $47 billion home and commercial appliance company headquartered in Newton Iowa from 1893-2006 The Phoenix Zoo, opened in 1962 is the largest non-profit Zoo in the United States A Japanese American internment camp was located on Mount Lemmon, just outside of the state's southeastern city of Tucson. Japanese American internment refers to the forcible relocation and Internment of approximately 110000 Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans to housing Mount Lemmon is in the Santa Catalina Mountains located in the Coronado National Forest Another POW camp was located near the Gila River in eastern Yuma County. A prisoner-of-war camp is a site for the containment of enemy combatants captured by the enemy in time of war and is similar to an Internment camp which is used for civilian The Gila /'hilə/ River ( O'odham [Pima]: Gila Akimel) is a Tributary of the Colorado River, 650 Miles (1044 Kilometers Because of California's proximity to Japan, a line was drawn somewhat parallel to the California border, and all Japanese residents west of that line were required to reside in the war camps. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Grand Avenue, (perhaps because of its similarity to the California border) was chosen as part of that boundary, which resulted in many extended Japanese families being separated; some interned, some free--and some free families, in an odd bid for family values, requested to be interned to stay with their families at a camp built by the original Del Webb Co. Delbert E Webb ( May 17 1899 &ndash July 4 1974) was an American Construction magnate Real estate developer , a modern manufacturer of large housing developments).

Arizona was also home to the Phoenix Indian School, one of several federal institutions designed to assimilate native children into mainstream culture. Children were often enrolled into these schools against the wishes of their parents and families. Attempts to suppress native identities included forcing the children to cut their hair and take on western names. ^[16]

Arizona's population grew tremendously after World War II, in part because of the development of air conditioning, which made the intense summers more comfortable. The term air conditioning refers to the cooling and dehumidification of indoor air for Thermal comfort. According to the Arizona Blue Book (published by the Secretary of State's office each year), the state population in 1910 was 294,353. Secretary of State is a commonly used title for a Government Official. By 1970, it was 1,752,122. The percentage growth each decade averaged about 20% in the earlier decades and about 60% each decade thereafter.

The 1960s saw the establishment of retirement communities, special age-restricted subdivisions catering exclusively to the needs of senior citizens who wanted to escape the harsh winters of the Midwest and the Northeast. A retirement community, or active adult community, is a very broad generic term that covers many varieties of housing for retirees and seniors - especially designed or geared Sun City, established by developer Del Webb and opened in 1960 was one of the first such communities. Sun City is a Census-designated place and unincorporated town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. Delbert E Webb ( May 17 1899 &ndash July 4 1974) was an American Construction magnate Real estate developer Green Valley, south of Tucson, was another such community designed to be a retirement subdivision for Arizona's teachers. Green Valley is a Census-designated place (CDP in Pima County, Arizona, United States. (Many of these senior citizens arrive in Arizona each winter and stay only during the winter months; they are referred to as snowbirds. This article is about migratory people called Snowbirds for alternate meanings see Snowbird. )

Three ships named USS Arizona have been named in honor of the state, although only USS Arizona (BB-39) was so named after statehood was achieved. Arizona has been the name of three ships of the United States Navy. Construction On 4 March 1913 Congress authorized the construction of Arizona, the second and last of the ''Pennsylvania'' class of "super-dreadnought"

Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1860	6,482		—
1870	9,658		49. 0%
1880	40,440		318. 7%
1890	88,243		118. 2%
1900	122,931		39. 3%
1910	204,354		66. 2%
1920	334,162		63. 5%
1930	435,573		30. 3%
1940	499,261		14. 6%
1950	749,587		50. 1%
1960	1,302,161		73. 7%
1970	1,770,900		36. 0%
1980	2,718,215		53. 5%
1990	3,665,228		34. 8%
2000	5,130,632		40. 0%
Est. 2007	6,338,755		23. 5%

Demographics of Arizona (csv)
By race	White	Black	AIAN*	Asian	NHPI*
2000 (total population)	89. 29%	3. 74%	5. 81%	2. 36%	0. 28%
2000 (Hispanic only)	24. 13%	0. 41%	0. 73%	0. 19%	0. 07%
2005 (total population)	88. 74%	4. 20%	5. 63%	2. 75%	0. 31%
2005 (Hispanic only)	27. 20%	0. 58%	0. 72%	0. 23%	0. 08%
Growth 2000–05 (total population)	15. 05%	30. 11%	12. 25%	35. 27%	25. 02%
Growth 2000–05 (non-Hispanic only)	9. 32%	25. 75%	11. 85%	34. 75%	22. 33%
Growth 2000–05 (Hispanic only)	30. 51%	65. 92%	15. 01%	41. 10%	32. 89%
* AIAN is American Indian or Alaskan Native; NHPI is Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

As of 2006, Arizona had an estimated population of 6,166,318,^[17] which is an increase of 213,311, or 3. 6%, from the prior year and an increase of 1,035,686, or 20. 2%, since the year 2000. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 297,928 people (that is 564,062 births minus 266,134 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 745,944 people into the state. Human migration denotes any movement by Humans from one locality to another sometimes over long distances or Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 204,661 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 541,283 people. American immigration ( emigration to the United States of America) refers to the movement of non-residents to the United States. New population figures for the year ending July 1, 2006, indicate that Arizona is the fastest growing state in the United States, with 3. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 6% population growth since 2005, exceeding the growth of the previous leader, Nevada. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. More than half (around 58%) of the population of Arizona live in cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants, the highest proportion of any of the 50 states. The center of population of Arizona is located in Maricopa County, in the town of Gilbert. In Demographics, the center of population of a region is the geographical point nearest to all the inhabitants of that region on average Maricopa County (ˌmɛɹɨˈkoʊ̪pə is located in the central part of the U Gilbert is a large town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. ^[18]

According to 2006 U.S. Census estimates, Arizona's population is: 59. The United States Census is a decennial Census mandated by the United States Constitution. 7% White American, 3. 8% African American, 2. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa 4% Asian American, 1. Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. They include sub-ethnic groups such as Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian 7% mixed, and 29. 2% are Hispanics or Latino (of any race). Hispanic (hispano hispánico hispânico Hispānus adjective from ''Hispānia'', the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically The state has the third highest number (and the sixth highest percentage) of Native Americans of any state in the Union. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States 286,680 were estimated to live in Arizona, representing more than 10% of the country's total Native American population of 2,752,158. Only California and Oklahoma^[19] have more Native Americans. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. The perimeters of Phoenix, Tucson, Prescott, and Yuma border on Native American reservations.

The largest ancestry groups in Arizona are Mexican (21%), German, English, Irish, and Native American. See also History of Mexican-Americans Mexican Americans are Americans of Mexican ancestry German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The southern and central parts of the state are heavily Mexican American, especially in Santa Cruz County and Yuma County near the Mexican border. See also History of Mexican-Americans Mexican Americans are Americans of Mexican ancestry Santa Cruz County is located in the south of the US state of Arizona. Yuma County is located in the southwestern corner of the US state of Arizona. The north-central and northwestern counties are largely inhabited by residents of English ancestry. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English The northeastern part of Arizona has many American Indians. African Americans have had a relatively small presence in Arizona, but their numbers are increasing due to in-migration from other states, especially California, the Midwest and the Northeast. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa The Northeast is a region of the United States. As defined by the U The African American population of the Phoenix metropolitan area doubled between 1990 and 2005. ^[20]

Arizona is projected to become a minority-majority state by the year 2035, if current population growth trends continue. For the use of the term minority-majority in the United Kingdom, see here Minority-majority state is a term used to describe a In 2003, for the first time, there were more Hispanic births in the state than white (non-Hispanic) births. Hispanic and Latino Americans are Americans of Hispanic or Latino descent, which comprises ancestry or origins in Hispanic America

As of 2000, 74. 16% of Arizona residents age 5 and older speak only English at home and 19. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States 52% speak Spanish. Navajo is the third most spoken language at 1. Navajo or Navaho ( native name: Diné bizaad) is an Athabaskan language (of Na-Dené stock spoken in the southwest United States by 89%. ^[21]

See also the list of native peoples. Native Americans have inhabited what is now Arizona for thousands of years

Religion

According to a 2008 survey by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life, the most common self-reported religious affiliation of Arizona residents are:^[22]

• Roman Catholic - 25%
• Evangelical Christian - 23%
• Non-Religious / Unaffiliated - 22%
• Mainline Protestant - 15%
• Latter-Day Saint / Mormon - 4%
• Others - 12%

L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of Scientology, lived in Phoenix during Scientology's formative years. The Pew Research Center is a Think tank based in Washington D Evangelicalism is a theological movement tradition and system of beliefs most closely associated with Protestant Christianity, which identifies with the Gospel Secularity ( adjective form secular) is the state of being separate from Religion. for other uses see Mainline (disambiguation The mainline (also sometimes called Mainstream) or mainline Protestant denominations The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States and the largest and most well-known Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (March 13 1911 &ndash January 24 1986 was a fiction writer who devised a self-help technique called Dianetics and philosophy known as Scientology Scientology is a body of beliefs and related practices initially created by American Science fiction author L Arizona has been labeled the "Birthplace of Scientology. "^[23]

Economy

The 2006 total gross state product was $232 billion. Gross state product (or gross regional product) is a measurement of the economic output of a state or Province. If Arizona (and each of the other US states) were an independent country along with all existing countries (2005), it would have the 61^st largest economy in the world (CIA - The World Factbook). This figure gives Arizona a larger economy than such countries as Ireland, Finland, and New Zealand. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Arizona currently has the 21^st largest economy among states in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the As a percentage of its overall budget, Arizona's projected 1. 7 billion deficit for '09 is the largest in the country. A budget deficit occurs when an Entity (often a Government) spends more Money than it takes in ^[24]

The state's per capita income is $27,232, 39^th in the U. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country S. Arizona had a median household income of $46,693 making it 27^th in the country and just shy of the US national median. The median household income is commonly used to provide data about geographic areas and divides households into two equal segments with the first half of Households earning less Early in its history, Arizona's economy relied on the "Five C's": copper (see Copper mining in Arizona), cotton, cattle, citrus, and climate (tourism). Copper (ˈkɒpɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol Cu (cuprum and Atomic number 29 Copper mining in Arizona, a state of the United States, has been a major industry since the 1800s Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domesticated Ungulates a member of the Subfamily Bovinae of the family Citrus is a common term and Genus of Flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel At one point Arizona was the largest producer of cotton in the country. Copper is still extensively mined from many expansive open-pit and underground mines, accounting for two-thirds of the nation's output.

Employment

The state government is Arizona's largest employer, while Wal-Mart is the state's largest private employer, with 17,343 employees (2008). Wal-Mart Stores Inc (or Walmart as written in its new logo is an American public corporation that runs a chain of large discount department stores

Taxation

Arizona collects personal income taxes in five brackets: 2. 87%, 3. 20%, 3. 74%, 4. 72% and 5. 04%. The 'sales tax' is generally around 6. 3%.

The state rate on transient lodging (hotel/motel) is 7. A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging usually on a short-term basis Entering dictionaries after World War II, the word motel, a Portmanteau of motor and hotel or motorists' hotel, referred 27%. The state of Arizona does not levy a state tax on food for home consumption or on drugs prescribed by a licensed physician or dentist. A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health Dentistry' is the "evaluation diagnosis prevention and/or treatment (nonsurgical surgical or related procedures of diseases disorders and/or conditions of the oral cavity However, some cities in Arizona do levy a tax on food for home consumption.

All fifteen Arizona counties levy a tax. Incorporated municipalities also levy transaction privilege taxes which, with the exception of their hotel/motel tax, are generally in the range of 1-to-3%. These added assessments could push the combined sales tax rate to as high as 10. In a Tax system and in Economics, the tax rate describes the burden Ratio (usually expressed as a Percentage) at which a business or person is 7%.

Single	Tax Rate	Joint	Tax Rate
0 - $10,000	2. 870%	0 - $20,000	2. 870%
$10,000 - $25,000	3. 200%	$20,001 - $50,000	3. 200%
$25,000 - $50,000	3. 740%	$50,001 - $100,000	3. 740%
$50,000 - $150,001	4. 720%	$100,000 - $300,001	4. 720%
$150,001 +	5. 040%	$300,001 +	5. 040%

Transportation

Main article: Transportation in Arizona

Highways

Main interstate routes include Interstate 17, and Interstate 19 running north-south, Interstate 40, Interstate 8, and Interstate 10 running east-west, and a short stretch of Interstate 15 running northeast/southwest through the extreme northwestern corner of the state. Highways See also List of state routes in Arizona Main interstate routes include I-17, and I-19 running north-south I-40, I-8 In the US state of Arizona, Interstate 10 is the major east-west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States, runs east from California New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. Interstate 17 (I-17, also known as Black Canyon Freeway is an intrastate Interstate highway located entirely within the state of Arizona, United Interstate 19 (I-19 is an intrastate Interstate highway located entirely within the state of Arizona. Interstate 40 (I-40 is an east-west Interstate Highway that has a section in the U In the US state of Arizona, Interstate 8 (I-8 is a Interstate Highway that extends from the Arizona-California border to Interstate 10 near In the US state of Arizona, Interstate 10 is the major east-west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States, runs east from California Interstate 15 (I-15 a transcontinental Interstate Highway from San Diego California to the Canadian border, passes through Mohave County in In addition, the various urban areas are served by complex networks of state routes and highways, such as the Loop 101, which is part of Phoenix's vast freeway system. The US state of Arizona 's State Routes are usually abbreviated as SR. State Route 101, or Loop 101, (spoken as one-oh-one is a semi- Beltway encompassing much of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area in the United States

Public transportation and intercity bus

The Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas are served by public bus transit systems. Yuma and Flagstaff also have public bus systems. Greyhound Lines serves Phoenix, Tucson, Flagstaff, Yuma, and several smaller communities statewide. Greyhound Lines is an intercity Common carrier of passengers by Bus serving over 3700 destinations in the United States.

A light rail system called Valley Metro Rail is currently being built in Phoenix. For specific light rail systems many of which use the words "light rail" as part of their name see List of light-rail transit systems. METRO Light Rail is a Light rail system currently under construction in the cities of Phoenix, Tempe, and Mesa, Arizona When completed, it will connect Central Phoenix with the nearby cities of Mesa and Tempe. The system is projected to be operational by December of 2008.

In May 2006, voters in Tucson approved a Regional Transportation Plan (a comprehensive bus transit/streetcar/roadway improvement program), and its funding via a new half-cent sales tax increment. The centerpiece of the plan is a light rail streetcar system (possibly similar to the Portland Streetcar in Oregon) that will travel through the downtown area, connecting the main University of Arizona campus with the Rio Nuevo master plan area on the western edge of downtown. The Portland Streetcar is a Streetcar system in Portland Oregon that serves areas surrounding downtown. The University of Arizona (also referred to as UA, U of A, or Arizona) is a Land-grant and space-grant public institution ^[25]

Aviation

See also: List of airports in Arizona

Airports with regularly scheduled commercial flights include: Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport (IATA: PHX, ICAO: KPHX) in Phoenix (the largest airport and the major international airport in the state); Tucson International Airport (IATA: TUS, ICAO: KTUS) in Tucson; Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport (IATA: AZA, ICAO: KIWA) in Mesa; Yuma International Airport (IATA: YUM, ICAO: KYUM) in Yuma; Prescott Municipal Airport (PRC) in Prescott; Flagstaff Pulliam Airport (IATA: FLG, ICAO: KFLG) in Flagstaff, and Grand Canyon National Park Airport (GCP), a small, but busy, single-runway facility providing tourist flights, mostly from Las Vegas. tags they are used to transclude this state's "Commercial Service - Primary" airports in the List of Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport is a joint civil-military public Airport located three miles (5 km east of the Central business district of Phoenix Tucson International Airport is a joint civil-military public Airport located six miles (10 km south of the Central business district of Tucson, Yuma International Airport, a shared-use Airport together with Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, is located three Nautical miles (6 km Prescott Municipal Airport, also known as Ernest A Love Field (not to be confused with Dallas Love Field) is a public Airport located seven miles Flagstaff Pulliam Airport is a public Airport located four miles (6 km south of the Central business district (CBD of Flagstaff, a city in Grand Canyon National Park Airport is a public airport located in the Tusayan area of unincorporated Coconino County, Arizona, near Phoenix Sky Harbor is the 7th busiest airport in the world in terms of aircraft movements, and regularly in the top 15 for passengers.

Other significant airports without regularly scheduled commercial flights include Scottsdale Municipal Airport (IATA: SCF, ICAO: KSDL) in Scottsdale. Scottsdale Airport is a city-owned public-use Airport located nine miles (14 km) north of the Central business district of Scottsdale,

Law and government

See also: Arizona Constitution, United States congressional delegations from Arizona, and List of Arizona Governors

Capitol complex

The state capital of Arizona is Phoenix. The Constitution of the State of Arizona is the governing document and framework for the State of Arizona. These are complete tables of congressional delegations from Arizona to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. The Governor of Arizona is the head of the Executive branch of Arizona 's government and the Commander-in-chief of the state's military forces The Arizona State Capitol building in Phoenix Arizona, formerly housed the Territorial and State Legislatures, as well as various executive offices Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, The original Capitol building, with its distinctive copper dome, was dedicated in 1901 (construction was completed for $136,000 in 1900), when the area was still a territory. Phoenix became the official state capital with Arizona's admission to the union in 1912.

The House of Representatives and Senate were dedicated in 1960, and an Executive Office Building was dedicated in 1974 (the ninth floor of this building is where the Office of the Governor is located). The Arizona House of Representatives is the Lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U The Arizona Senate is part of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U The original Capitol building was converted into a museum.

The Capitol complex is fronted and highlighted by the richly landscaped Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza, named after Wesley Bolin, a governor who died in office in the 1970s. The Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza is an Urban park and gathering place located in front of the Arizona state capitol complex in downtown Phoenix Arizona Wesley Bolin ( July 1, 1909 - March 4, 1978) was a Democratic Party politician who served as governor of the U Numerous monuments and memorials are on the site, including the anchor and signal mast from the USS Arizona (one of the U. Construction On 4 March 1913 Congress authorized the construction of Arizona, the second and last of the ''Pennsylvania'' class of "super-dreadnought" S. Navy ships sunk in Pearl Harbor), a granite version of the Ten Commandments, and the Arizona Vietnam Veterans' Memorial. The attack on Pearl Harbor (or Hawaii Operation, as it was called by the Imperial General Headquarters) was a surprise Military strike conducted by The Ten Commandments, or Decalogue, are a list of religious and moral imperatives that according to Judeo-Christian tradition were authored by God and given

State legislature

The Arizona Legislature is bicameral (like the legislature of every other state except Nebraska) and consists of a thirty-member Senate and a 60-member House of Representatives. The Arizona Legislature is the state legislature of the US state of Arizona. In Government, bicameralism (bi + Latin la ''camera'' chamber is the practice of having two legislative or Parliamentary chambers Thus a bicameral Nebraska ( is a state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States and The Arizona Senate is part of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U The Arizona House of Representatives is the Lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U Each of the thirty legislative districts has one senator and two representatives. Legislators are elected for two-year terms.

Each Legislature covers a two-year period. The first session following the general election is known as the first regular session, and the session convening in the second year is known as the second regular session. Each regular session begins on the second Monday in January and adjourns sine die (terminates for the year) no later than Saturday of the week in which the 100th day from the beginning of the regular session falls. The President of the Senate and Speaker of the House, by rule, may extend the session up to seven additional days. Thereafter, the session can only be extended by a majority vote of members present of each house.

The current majority party is the Republican Party, which has held power in both houses since 1993.

Arizona state senators and representatives are elected for two year terms and are limited to four consecutive terms in a chamber, though there is no limit on the total number of terms. When a lawmaker is term-limited from office, it is not uncommon for him or her to run for election in the other chamber.

The fiscal year 2006-07 general fund budget, approved by the Arizona Legislature in June 2006, is slightly less than $10 billion. Besides the money spent on state agencies, it also includes more than $500 million in income- and property tax cuts, pay raises for government employees, and additional funding for the K-12 education system.

State executive branch

Arizona Constitution, Article 5
The executive department shall consist of the governor, secretary of state, state treasurer, attorney general, and superintendent of public instruction, each of whom shall hold office for a term of four years beginning on the first Monday of January, 1971 next after the regular general election in 1970

Governor's Office
Arizona's executive branch is headed by a governor elected for a four-year term. In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. The governor may serve any number of terms, though no more than two in a row. The current governor of Arizona is Janet Napolitano, a Democrat. Janet Napolitano (b November 29, 1957) is the current governor of the U The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. She was first elected in 2002 and again in 2006 (she was officially sworn in on her second term on January 4, 2007). Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Due to the state of Arizona not having a governor's mansion, the governors reside within their private places of residence during their terms in office.

Department of State: Secretary of State's Office
The Secretary serves as acting governor -- serves as acting governor when the governor is absent from the state; the secretary of state, if holding office by election, is first in line to succeed the governor in the event of death, resignation, removal from office, or permanent disability to discharge the duties of the office. The Secretary of State is Janice K. Brewer, a Republican.

Lieutenant Governor
There is no office of Lieutenant Governor in the state of Arizona. The Secretary of State serves in this capacity, that is, first in line to succeed the governor. (See office of Secretary of State)

Attorney General's Office
The Attorney General is Terry Goddard,(D)

The State Treasurer's Office
The State Treasurer is Dean Martin, (R)

The Department of Education
The Superintendent of Public Instruction is Tom Horne, (R)

Office of the State Mine Inspector
The State Mine Inspector is Joe Hart, (R)

Federal representation

The two U. S. Senators from Arizona are Senator John McCain (Republican) and Senator Jon Kyl (Republican). This page is about the current Arizona Senator for his father a U

Arizona's representatives in the United States House of Representatives are Rick Renzi (R-1), Trent Franks (R-2), John Shadegg (R-3), Ed Pastor (D-4), Harry Mitchell (D-5), Jeff Flake (R-6), Raul Grijalva (D-7), and Gabrielle Giffords (D-8). The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Richard George "Rick" Renzi (born June 11 1958) is an American politician and has been a Republican member of the United Trent Franks (born June 19 1957) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives John Barden Shadegg (born October 22 1949) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives Edward Lopez "Ed" Pastor (born June 28 1943) American politician has been a Democratic member of the United States House Harry E Mitchell (born July 18, 1940) is the current congressman representing in the U Jeffrey "Jeff" Flake (born December 31, 1962) an American politician has been a Republican member of the United States Gabrielle Giffords (born June 8, 1970) is a Democratic Politician from Tucson, Arizona. Jim Kolbe announced his retirement from Congress in 2006, creating one of the few open seats in the nation in Arizona's Congressional District 8. James Thomas "Jim" Kolbe (born June 28, 1942) is a former Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona gained two seats in the House of Representatives due to redistricting based on Census 2000. Redistricting, a form of redistribution, is the process of changing of political Borders in the United States

Political culture

Presidential elections results

Year	Republican	Democratic
2004	54. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The United States presidential election of 2004 was held on Tuesday November 2, 2004, to elect the President of the United States. 87% 1,104,294	44. 40% 893,524
2000	50. The United States presidential election of 2000 was a contest between Democratic candidate Al Gore, then Vice President, and Republican 95% 781,652	44. 67% 685,341
1996	44. The United States presidential election of 1996 was a contest between the Democratic national ticket of President Bill Clinton of Arkansas and Vice 29% 622,073	46. 52% 653,288
1992	38. The United States presidential elections of 1992 featured a battle between incumbent President, Republican George H 47% 572,086	36. 52% 543,050
1988	59. -->The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties 95% 702,541	38. 74% 454,029
1984	66. The United States presidential election of 1984 was a contest between the incumbent President Ronald Reagan, the Republican candidate and former Vice President 42% 681,416	32. 54% 333,854
1980	60. The United States presidential election of 1980 featured a contest between incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter and his Republican opponent Ronald Reagan 61% 529,688	28. 24% 246,843
1976	56. The United States presidential election of 1976 followed the resignation of President Richard M 37% 418,642	39. 80% 295,602
1972	61. The United States presidential election of 1972 was waged on the issues of radicalism and the Vietnam War. 64% 402,812	30. 38% 198,540
1968	54. Please DO NOT flip the colors -->The United States presidential election of 1968 was a wrenching national experience and included the assassination of Democratic candidate 78% 266,721	35. 02% 170,514
1964	50. Please DO NOT flip the colors -->The United States presidential election of 1964 was one of the most lopsided presidential elections in the history of the United States 45% 242,535	49. 45% 237,753
1960	55. The United States presidential election of 1960 marked the end of Dwight D 52% 221,241	44. 36% 176,781

From territorial days until the late 1940s, Arizona was a virtual one-party state dominated by the Democrats. From statehood until 1948, the Democratic candidate carried the state in every presidential election.

In recent years, the Republican Party has dominated Arizona politics. Many "Pinto Democrats," or conservative Democrats from rural areas, became increasingly willing to support Republicans at the state and national level. However, the current Governor of Arizona, Janet Napolitano is a Democrat; she was handily reelected in 2006. Janet Napolitano (b November 29, 1957) is the current governor of the U At the federal level, Arizona narrowly voted for Bill Clinton in 1996--the first time it supported a Democrat for president since Harry Truman in 1948. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States

On March 4, 2008, John McCain effectively clinched the Republican nomination for 2008, becoming the first presidential nominee from the state since Barry Goldwater in 1964.

Maricopa County, the fourth-largest county in the country and home of Phoenix, dominates Arizona's politics. Maricopa County (ˌmɛɹɨˈkoʊ̪pə is located in the central part of the U Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, It is home to almost 60 percent of the state's population, and most of the state's elected officials live there. It has voted Republican in every presidential election since 1948. This includes the 1964 run of native son Barry Goldwater; he wouldn't have even carried his own state had it not been for Maricopa County. Please DO NOT flip the colors -->The United States presidential election of 1964 was one of the most lopsided presidential elections in the history of the United States

In contrast, Pima County, home to Tucson, and most of southern Arizona has historically been more Democratic. Pima County is a county in the south central region of the US Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. While Tucson's suburbs lean Republican, they hold to a somewhat more moderate brand of Republicanism than is common in the Phoenix area. Between them, Maricopa and Pima counties cast almost three-fourths of Arizona's total vote, and account for a substantial majority in the state legislature.

Arizona rejected an anti-gay amendment in the 2006 midterm elections. Gay marriage was already illegal in Arizona, but this amendment would have denied any legal or financial benefits to unmarried homosexual or heterosexual couples. Same-sex marriage (also referred to as gay marriage) is a term for a legally or Socially recognized Marriage between two people of the same

See also: United States presidential election, 2004, in Arizona

Important cities and towns

See also: List of localities in Arizona, List of cities in Arizona (by population), and List of Arizona counties

Phoenix, the largest city in the state, and the capital. Arizonans voted for President George W Bush a second time in 2004 A Aguila Arizona Ajo Arizona ( Town, unincorporated Alpine Arizona Apache Junction This is a list of counties in Arizona. There are 15 counties in the U Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, The Phoenix metro area includes Mesa (the third largest city in Arizona and the most populous suburban city in the United States), Glendale, Peoria, Chandler, Sun City, Sun City West, Fountain Hills, Surprise, Gilbert, El Mirage, Avondale, Tempe and Scottsdale, with a total metropolitan population of just over 4 million. The Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, is a Metropolitan area that includes the City of Phoenix, much of the rest of Mesa ( "MACE-uh") is a city in Maricopa County, in the U Glendale ( is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, located about nine miles northwest from Downtown Phoenix. Peoria is a city located in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with a small portion in Yavapai County. Chandler is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, and is a prominent suburb of the Phoenix Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA Sun City is a Census-designated place and unincorporated town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. Sun City West is a Census-designated place (CDP in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. Fountain Hills is a town in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA. According to 2006 Census Bureau estimates the population of the town is 24669 Surprise is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA. The population was 30848 at the 2000 census, however rapid growth has boosted the city's Gilbert is a large town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. El Mirage is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. Avondale is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA. According to 2006 Census Bureau estimates the population of the city is 75403 Tempe (tɛmpiː Oidbaḍ in Pima) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with a 2007 population of 174091 Scottsdale ( O'odham Vaṣai S-vaṣonĭ; Yaqui Eskatel) is a city in the eastern part of Maricopa County, Arizona,

Tucson is the state's second largest city, and is located in Pima County, approximately 110 miles (180 km) southeast of the Phoenix metropolitan area. Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast Pima County is a county in the south central region of the US The Tucson metropolitan area crossed the one-million-resident threshold in early 2007. It is home to the University of Arizona, one of only three public universities in Arizona. The University of Arizona (also referred to as UA, U of A, or Arizona) is a Land-grant and space-grant public institution

The Prescott metropolitan area includes the cities of Prescott, Sedona, Cottonwood, Camp Verde and numerous other towns spread out over the Yavapai County area. Prescott ( Yavapai: Wiikwasa Kasikita) is a City in Yavapai County, Arizona, USA. For the Kia Motors Sedona automobile see Kia Carnival Sedona (sɨˈdoʊnə is a city and community that straddles Cottonwood is a city in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. Camp Verde ( Western Apache: Gambúdih) is a town in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. Yavapai County is located near the center of the US state of Arizona. With 212,635 residents, this cluster of towns form the third largest metropolitan area in the state. The city of Prescott (population 41,528) lies approximately 100 miles (170 km) northwest of the Phoenix metropolitan area. Situated in pine tree forests at an elevation of about 5500 ft, Prescott enjoys a much cooler climate than Phoenix, with average summer highs in the upper 80s Fahrenheit and winter temperatures averaging 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724

Yuma is center of the fourth largest metropolitan area in Arizona. Yuma is a city in and the County seat of Yuma County, Arizona, United States. It is located near the borders of California and Mexico. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. It is one of the hottest cities in the United States with the average July high of 107 degrees Fahrenheit. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 (The same month's average in Death Valley is 115 degrees. Death Valley is the lowest driest and hottest Valley in the United States. ) The city also features sunny days about 90% of the year. The Yuma Metropolitan Statistical Area has a population of 160,000. Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced Yuma also attracts many winter visitors from all over the United States.

Flagstaff is the largest city in northern Arizona, and has a nearly a 7000 ft elevation, with its large Ponderosa Pine forests and Ski areas, is a stark contrast to the desert regions typically associated with Arizona. Flagstaff (Kinłání is a city located in northern Arizona, in the southwestern United States It sits at the base of the San Francisco Peaks the highest mountain range in the state of Arizona, with Humphreys Peak, the highest point in Arizona at 12,633 feet (3,850 m). The San Francisco Peaks are a Volcanic Mountain range located in north central Arizona, United States, just north of Flagstaff Humphreys Peak is the highest point in the US state of Arizona and is located within Kachina Peaks Wilderness in Coconino County, about Flagstaff has a strong tourism sector, due to its proximity to Grand Canyon National Park, Sedona, and Oak Creek Canyon. Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park is one of the United States' oldest national parks and is located in Arizona. For the Kia Motors Sedona automobile see Kia Carnival Sedona (sɨˈdoʊnə is a city and community that straddles Oak Creek Canyon is a 12 mile (20 km long river Gorge located along the Mogollon Rim in northern Arizona located between the cities of Flagstaff Historic Route 66 is the main east-west street. Flagstaff is home to 57,391 residents and the main campus of Northern Arizona University. Northern Arizona University (NAU is a Public university in Flagstaff Arizona in the United States.

Education

Elementary and secondary education

Public schools in Arizona are separated into about 220 local school districts which operate independently, but are governed in most cases by elected county school superintendents; these are in turn overseen by the Arizona State Board of Education (a division of the Arizona Department of Education) and the state Superintendent of Public Instruction (elected in partisan elections every even-numbered year when there is not a presidential election, for a four-year term). In 2005, a School District Redistricting Commission was established with the goal of combining and consolidating many of these districts.

Colleges and universities

Higher education in Arizona is governed at the university level by the Arizona Board of Regents or the ABOR, a 12-member body. The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University is a center specializing in Bioscience infrastructure at Arizona State University. The Arizona Board of Regents ( ABOR) is the governing body of Arizona's public university system providing policy guidance to Arizona State University, Northern According to information published by the ABOR office and available on their Web site, eight volunteer members are appointed by the Governor to staggered eight-year terms; two students serve on the Board for two-year appointments, with the first year being a nonvoting apprentice year. The Governor and the Superintendent of Public Instruction serve as voting ex-officio members. The ABOR provides "policy guidance" and oversight to the three major degree-granting universities, as provided for by Title 15 of the Arizona Revised Statutes.

Community colleges in Arizona were governed historically by a separate statewide Board of Directors, but a bill passed in the 2002 regular session of the Legislature (HB 2710, which later became ARS 15-1444) transferred almost all oversight authority to individual community college districts. The Maricopa County Community College District includes 11 community colleges throughout Maricopa County and is one of the largest in the nation. The community college systems in Arizona are among the best in the United States.

Public colleges and universities Arizona State University Northern Arizona University University of Arizona Private four-year colleges and universities (non-profit) Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Ottawa University Prescott College Professional Schools, Trade Schools, and For-Profit Private Colleges The Art Center Design College, Tucson [2] Art Institute of Phoenix [3] A.T. Still University, Mesa Collins College, Tempe DeVry University, Phoenix Grand Canyon University Midwestern University, Glendale Northcentral University Roberto-Venn School of Luthiery [4] Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine Southwestern College Thunderbird School of Global Management University of Advancing Technology, Tempe University of Phoenix Western International University

Public two-year colleges Arizona Western College Central Arizona College Cochise College Coconino Community College Eastern Arizona College Maricopa County Community College District Chandler-Gilbert Community College Estrella Mountain Community College GateWay Community College Glendale Community College Mesa Community College Paradise Valley Community College Phoenix College Rio Salado Community College Scottsdale Community College South Mountain Community College Mohave Community College Northland Pioneer College Pima Community College Yavapai College

Professional sports teams

Club	Sport	League
Arizona Cardinals	Football	National Football League
Arizona Diamondbacks	Baseball	Major League Baseball
Arizona Heat*	Softball	National Pro Fastpitch
Arizona Rattlers	Arena Football	Arena Football League
Arizona Sting	Lacrosse	National Lacrosse League
Arizona Sundogs	Ice hockey	Central Hockey League
Phoenix Coyotes	Ice hockey	National Hockey League
Phoenix Mercury	Basketball	Women's National Basketball Association
Phoenix Roadrunners	Ice hockey	East Coast Hockey League
Phoenix Suns	Basketball	National Basketball Association
Tucson Sidewinders	Baseball	Minor League Baseball
Yuma Scorpions	Baseball	Golden Baseball League

Due to its numerous golf courses, Arizona is home to several stops on the PGA Tour, most notably at the FBR Open, more commonly known as the Phoenix Open. Arizona State University ( ASU) is the largest public Research university in the United States under a single administration with total student Northern Arizona University (NAU is a Public university in Flagstaff Arizona in the United States. The University of Arizona (also referred to as UA, U of A, or Arizona) is a Land-grant and space-grant public institution Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University ( ERAU) is a private, Coeducational University with a history dating from the early days of aviation Ottawa University ( OU) is a not-for-profit educational institution in Kansas, affiliated with the American Baptist Churches USA. Prescott College is a private Liberal arts college in Prescott Arizona, founded in 1966 AT Still University, based in Kirksville Missouri, is a combination of five schools which educate health care professionals based on the principles of osteopathic medicine Mesa ( "MACE-uh") is a city in Maricopa County, in the U Collins College is a private career-focused college that specializes in the fields of Visual Arts and Design Tempe (tɛmpiː Oidbaḍ in Pima) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with a 2007 population of 174091 DeVry University and DeVry Institute of Technology are divisions of Devry Inc Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, Grand Canyon University ( GCU) Founded in 1949 Grand Canyon University is a private, for-profit accredited Christian university located in Phoenix Midwestern University (MWU is a Non-profit, private, Graduate school of Medicine with two campuses Midwestern University Chicago College of Glendale ( is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, located about nine miles northwest from Downtown Phoenix. Northcentral University is an accredited online university located in Prescott Valley, Arizona. Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine (SCNM is a Naturopathic medical school located in Tempe Arizona, United States. '''Southwestern College''' is a Christian institution of Higher education located in Phoenix Arizona. Thunderbird School of Global Management is a private Business school in the United States, and the first and oldest graduate school specializing in international University of Advancing Technology (UAT is a for-profit, family owned institution of Higher education located in Tempe Arizona as a single campus Tempe (tɛmpiː Oidbaḍ in Pima) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with a 2007 population of 174091 The University of Phoenix ( UPX) is a for-profit educational institution that specializes in Adult education. The Western International University is a For-profit University owned by the Apollo Group. Arizona Western College (also AWC is a public Community college located in Yuma Arizona, United States. Central Arizona College is a public Community college located in Coolidge Arizona. Cochise College is a two year College in Arizona. Founded in 1964, the school has campuses in Sierra Vista and Douglas, and centers Coconino Community College is a Community college serving Coconino County in the northern part of the U Eastern Arizona College ( EAC) is an Arizona Community college located in Graham County Arizona. The Maricopa County Community College District, in Maricopa County Arizona, is one of the largest Community college districts in the Chandler-Gilbert Community College is a community college in the Maricopa County Community College District. Estrella Mountain Community College (EMCC is a community college in Avondale Arizona, USA, serving the West Valley Community since 1990 and at See also GateWay Community College ( Phoenix Arizona) Gateway Community College is located in Connecticut with two Glendale Community College is a Community college in Glendale, Arizona USA. Mesa Community College (MCC in Mesa Arizona, is the largest of the 10 Community colleges in the Maricopa County Community College District. Paradise Valley Community College (PVCC is a 2-year Community college in Phoenix Arizona. Phoenix College (often referred to as simply "PC") is a Community college located in Phoenix Arizona, USA. Rio Salado College, known as "the college within everyone's reach" is the largest of the 10 Maricopa Community Colleges and has never built a traditional campus Scottsdale Community College, is located in Scottsdale, Arizona, a suburb of Phoenix. South Mountain Community College is a Community college in Phoenix, Arizona. Mohave Community College (also known as MCC) is a two-year public Community college located in Kingman Arizona, Lake Havasu City Arizona, Northland Pioneer College (NPC is a regionally accredited publicly supported comprehensive Community college serving a large and diverse area in Navajo County, Pima Community College (PCC is a two-year institution of higher education in Pima County Arizona serving the Tucson metropolitan area Yavapai College is a Community college located in Yavapai County Arizona. The Arizona Cardinals are a professional American football team based in Glendale Arizona, just outside of Phoenix. American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The Arizona Diamondbacks (also referred to as the D-backs) are a professional baseball team based in Phoenix Arizona. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Notable Players Shana Easley- C Catalina Morris - OF Nichole Thompson - INF April Valdez - P Softball is a team Sport popular especially in the United States. National Pro Fastpitch (NPF formerly the Women's Pro Softball League (WPSL is the only professional women's Softball league in the United States The Arizona Rattlers are an Arena Football League team based in Phoenix Arizona, that began play as a 1992 Expansion team. This article is about the sport of Arena Football See Arena Football (video game for the EA Sports Video game of the same name The Arena Football League (AFL was founded in 1987 as an American football indoor league. The Arizona Sting were a member of the National Lacrosse League from 2004 to 2007. Lacrosse is a full contact Team sport played using a solid rubber ball and long handled racket called a crosse or Lacrosse stick. The National Lacrosse League (NLL is the league of men's indoor lacrosse in North America. The Arizona Sundogs are a minor-league Ice hockey team based in Prescott Valley Arizona that began play in 2006. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The Central Hockey League (CHL is a mid-level Professional hockey league owned by Global Entertainment Corporation. The Phoenix Coyotes are a professional Ice hockey team based in Glendale Arizona, just outside of Phoenix. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The Phoenix Mercury is a Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA team based in Phoenix Arizona and the current WNBA champions Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The ECHL (formerly the East Coast Hockey League) is a Professional Ice hockey league based in Princeton New Jersey, with teams scattered The Phoenix Suns are a professional Basketball team based in Phoenix Arizona. Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m The Tucson Sidewinders (1998-2008 were a Minor league baseball team based in Tucson Arizona. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Part of the History of baseball series Minor league baseball is a hierarchy of Professional baseball leagues in North The Yuma Scorpions are a professional baseball team based in Yuma Arizona, in the United States. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each The Golden Baseball League, based in Dublin California, is a professional independent baseball league with teams in the western United States and Canada The PGA Tour is an organization that operates the main professional Golf tours in the United States. The FBR Open is a nationally televised Golf tournament a part of the PGA Tour, held at the Tournament Players Club (TPC of Scottsdale Arizona around

With three universities and several community colleges, college sports are also prevalent in Arizona. Arizona is home to the oldest rivalry in the NCAA. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations ^[26] The Territorial Cup is given to the winner of the Duel in the Desert, an annual game between intense rivals the Arizona State Sun Devils and the Arizona Wildcats. Arizona-Arizona State rivalry The “Territorial Cup” also known as the “Duel in the Desert” is the rivalry between ASU and UA and is among the nation's oldest and most heated Arizona State University has nine men's and eleven women's varsity teams competing in the NCAA Pacific Ten Conference. Athletic program The University of Arizona participates in the NCAA 's Division I-A in the Pacific Ten Conference. Arizona also hosts several bowl games in the Bowl Championship Series. In the United States, a bowl game is traditionally a post-season College football game however the term "bowl" has become synonymous with a major American The Bowl Championship Series ( BCS) is a selection system designed to give the top two teams in the NCAA FBS Bowl Subdivision System an opportunity to compete in a "national The Fiesta Bowl, originally held at Sun Devil Stadium, will now be held at the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale. The Fiesta Bowl, now sponsored by Tostitos tortilla chips is a United States College football Bowl game played annually since 1971 Sun Devil Stadium Frank Kush Field is an outdoor football Stadium located on the campus of Arizona State University in Tempe Arizona. University of Phoenix Stadium is a multipurpose football Stadium located in Glendale Arizona. Glendale ( is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, located about nine miles northwest from Downtown Phoenix. The University of Phoenix Stadium was also home to the 2007 BCS National Championship Game and hosted Super Bowl XLII on February 3rd, 2008. The 2007 Tostitos BCS National Championship Game or BCS Title Game was played on January 8 2007 at the University of Phoenix Super Bowl XLII featured the National Football Conference (NFC champion New York Giants and the American Football Conference (AFC champion New England The Insight Bowl is also held at Sun Devil Stadium. The Insight Bowl is an NCAA -sanctioned Division I-A post-season American College football Bowl game played in Arizona since 1989 Sun Devil Stadium Frank Kush Field is an outdoor football Stadium located on the campus of Arizona State University in Tempe Arizona.

Besides being home to spring training, Arizona is also home to two other baseball leagues, Arizona Fall League and Arizona Winter League. The Arizona Fall League is a Minor league baseball league which operates during the fall in Arizona, United States at five Spring training The Arizona Winter League is the short-season instructional winter professional baseball league affiliated with the independent Golden Baseball League. The Fall League was founded in 1992 and is a minor league baseball league designed for players to refine their skills and perform in game settings in front of major and minor league baseball scouts and team executives, who are in attendance at almost every game. Minor leagues are professional Sports leagues which are not regarded as the premier leagues in those sports The league got exposure when Michael Jordan started his time in baseball with the Scottsdale Scorpions. Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17 1963 is a retired American professional Basketball player and active businessman The Scottsdale Scorpions are a Minor league baseball team of the Arizona Fall League located in Scottsdale Arizona. The Winter League, founded in 2007, is a professional baseball league for the independent Golden Baseball League. The Golden Baseball League, based in Dublin California, is a professional independent baseball league with teams in the western United States and Canada The games are played in Yuma at the Desert Sun Stadium. Yuma is a city in and the County seat of Yuma County, Arizona, United States. Desert Sun Stadium is a Stadium in Yuma Arizona. It is primarily used for Baseball, and is the home field of the Golden Baseball League 's

• Note: The Arizona Heat is currently suspended from the NPF, with a possible return for the 2008 season.

Spring training

Arizona is a popular location for Major League Baseball spring training, as it is the site of the Cactus League. HoHoKam Park also known as Dwight W Patterson Field, is a park with a Baseball stadium located at 1235 N Center St in Mesa Arizona (the Chicago Mesa ( "MACE-uh") is a city in Maricopa County, in the U In Major League Baseball, spring training is a series of practices and exhibition games preceding the start of the Regular season. In Major League Baseball, spring training is a series of practices and exhibition games preceding the start of the Regular season. The only other location for spring training is in Florida with the Grapefruit League. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the In Major League Baseball, spring training is a series of practices and exhibition games preceding the start of the Regular season. Spring training has been somewhat of a tradition in Arizona since 1947 despite the fact that the state did not have its own major league team until the state was awarded the Diamondbacks as an expansion team. The state hosts the following teams:

Miscellaneous topics

Art and pop culture

Arizona has featured a continuous string of dancing and performing groups of many ethnicities. The Arizona Diamondbacks (also referred to as the D-backs) are a professional baseball team based in Phoenix Arizona. Tucson Electric Park (TEP is a stadium in Tucson Arizona. It was home to the Tucson Sidewinders. The Chicago Cubs are a Professional Baseball franchise based in Chicago, Illinois. HoHoKam Park also known as Dwight W Patterson Field, is a park with a Baseball stadium located at 1235 N Center St in Mesa Arizona (the Chicago The Chicago White Sox are a professional Baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois. Tucson Electric Park (TEP is a stadium in Tucson Arizona. It was home to the Tucson Sidewinders. The Cleveland Indians are a professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Goodyear Ballpark is a Stadium in Goodyear Arizona, which is under development The Colorado Rockies are a Major League Baseball team based in Denver, Colorado. Hi Corbett Field is a Baseball field located in Tucson Arizona. The Kansas City Royals are a Major League Baseball team based in Kansas City, Missouri. Surprise Stadium is a Baseball field located in Surprise Arizona. The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim are a professional baseball team based in Anaheim, California. Tempe Diablo Stadium is a Baseball field located in Tempe Arizona. The Milwaukee Brewers are a Major League Baseball team based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, which plays in the Central Division of the National League Maryvale Baseball Park is a Baseball field located in owned and operated by the city's Parks and Recreation department The Oakland Athletics are a professional baseball team based in Oakland, California. Phoenix Municipal Stadium is a Baseball stadium located in Phoenix Arizona. The San Diego Padres are a Major League Baseball team based in San Diego California since their founding in 1969 Peoria Sports Complex is a Baseball field located in Peoria, Arizona. The San Francisco Giants are a Major League Baseball team based in, that currently play in the National League West Division. Scottsdale Stadium is a Baseball field located in Scottsdale Arizona. The Seattle Mariners are an American professional baseball team based in Seattle, Washington, United States. Peoria Sports Complex is a Baseball field located in Peoria, Arizona. The Texas Rangers are an American professional baseball team based in Arlington Texas, United States, representing the Dallas-Ft Surprise Stadium is a Baseball field located in Surprise Arizona. The state is a recognized center of Native American art, with a number of galleries such as the Heard Museum showcasing historical and contemporary works. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Heard Museum - the Heard Museum of Native Cultures and Art - is a museum located in Arizona, USA. Sedona, Jerome, and Tubac are known as budding artist colonies, and small arts scenes exist in the larger cities and near the state universities. For the Kia Motors Sedona automobile see Kia Carnival Sedona (sɨˈdoʊnə is a city and community that straddles Jerome is a Town in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. According to 2006 Census Bureau estimates the population of the town is 343 Tubac is a Census-designated place (CDP in Santa Cruz County, Arizona, United States.

Many tourist souvenirs produced in Arizona or by its residents display characteristic images, such as sunsets, coyotes, and desert plants. Several major Hollywood films, such as Billy Jack, U-Turn, Waiting to Exhale, Just One of the Guys, Can't Buy Me Love, Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure, The Scorpion King, The Banger Sisters, Used Cars, and Raising Arizona have been made there (as indeed have many Westerns). This article is about the 1971 film For the wrestler of a similar name see Billy Jack Haynes. U Turn is a 1997 Neo-noir / Drama film directed by Oliver Stone, based on the book Stray Dogs by John Ridley. Waiting to Exhale is a 1995 Romance film which stars Whitney Houston and Angela Bassett and directed by Forest Whitaker Just One of the Guys is a 1985 Comedy film, directed by Lisa Gottlieb. Can't Buy Me Love ( 1987) is a teen comedy Feature film starring Patrick Dempsey and Amanda Peterson in a story about Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure ( 1989) is an American comedy / Science fiction Movie in which two Slackers The Scorpion King is a 2002 film starring Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson, Michael Clarke Duncan, Kelly Hu, Steven Brand The Banger Sisters ( 2002) is an American Comedy film produced by 20th Century Fox about the reunion of two middle-aged women who used to be friends Used Cars is a 1980 Comedy satire film It stars Kurt Russell, Jack Warden (in a Dual role) Deborah Harmon Raising Arizona is a 1987 Coen Brothers Comedy film starring Nicolas Cage, Holly Hunter, William Forsythe The Western is a fiction Genre seen in Film, Television, Radio, Literature, Painting and other Visual arts. The 1993 science fiction movie Fire in the Sky, which was actually based on a reported alien abduction in Arizona, was set and filmed in the town of Snowflake. Fire in the Sky is a 1993 Science fiction film, directed by Robert Lieberman, and written by Travis Walton Snowflake is a town in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. The climax of the 1977 Clint Eastwood film The Gauntlet takes place in downtown Phoenix. Clinton "Clint" Eastwood Jr (born May 31 1930 is a four-time Academy Award winning American Actor and Filmmaker. The Gauntlet is a 1977 Action film directed by and starring Clint Eastwood. The final segments of the 1984 film Starman take place at Meteor Crater outside Winslow. John Carpenter's Starman is a 1984 Science fiction and Fantasy Film directed by John Carpenter which tells the story of Meteor Crater is a Meteorite Impact crater located approximately 43 miles east of Flagstaff, near Winslow in the northern Winslow ( Navajo: Béésh Sinil or Béésinil) is a city in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. The Jeff Foxworthy comedy documentary movie Blue Collar Comedy Tour was filmed almost entirely at the Dodge Theatre. Jeff Foxworthy (born September 6, 1958) is an American Stand-up comedian and Actor. Blue Collar Comedy Tour The Movie is a theatrically released stand-up comedy film from Warner Bros Dodge Theater is an indoor Concert hall and Arena in Phoenix. Arguably one of the most famous examples could be Alfred Hitchcock's classic film Psycho. Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 Psycho is a suspense / Horror film directed by auteur Alfred Hitchcock, from the Screenplay by Joseph Not only was some of the film shot in Phoenix, but the main character is from there as well. Some of the television shows filmed or set in Arizona include The New Dick Van Dyke Show, Alice, The First 48, Insomniac with Dave Attell, COPS, and America's Most Wanted. The New Dick Van Dyke Show is an American Sitcom starring Dick Van Dyke that aired on CBS from 1971 to 1974 Alice was an American Television sitcom series which ran from August 31 1976 to July 2 1985 on CBS. The First 48 is an American Reality television show based on Homicide Detective units in various cities across the United States Insomniac with Dave Attell was a television show on Comedy Central hosted by Comedian Dave Attell which ran from August COPS is an American Documentary television series that follows Police officers and Sheriff 's deputies during patrols and other police America's Most Wanted is an American TV show produced by 20th Century Fox, and is the longest-running program of any kind in the history The 1974 film Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, for which Ellen Burstyn won the Academy Award for Best Actress, and also starred Kris Kristofferson, was set in Tucson, as was the TV sitcom Alice, which was based on the movie. Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore is a 1974 Film which tells the story of a widow who moves with her young son to Tucson Arizona to start her Ellen Burstyn (born December 7, 1932) is an American Academy Award -winning actress Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to Alice was an American Television sitcom series which ran from August 31 1976 to July 2 1985 on CBS.

See also List of films shot in Arizona

Arizona is prominently featured in the lyrics of many Country and Western songs. This is a list of movies that were filmed in the US state of Arizona. Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. Jamie O'Neal's hit ballad "There is No Arizona". Jamie O'Neal (born Jamie Murphy on June 3, 1968, in Sydney Australia) is a contemporary country singer and songwriter who has had success George Strait's "Oceanfront Property" uses the offer of "ocean front property in Arizona" as a metaphor for a sucker proposition that is obviously false. George Harvey Strait (born May 18, 1952) is an American Country music singer The line "see you down in Arizona Bay" is used in a Tool song in reference to a Bill Hicks quote. Tool is an American rock band that was formed in 1990 in Los Angeles, California. William Melvin Hicks ( December 16, 1961 – February 26, 1994) was an American stand-up comedian. The line refers to the hope that L.A. will one day fall into the ocean due to a major earthquake. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West

"Arizona" was the title of a popular song recorded by Mark Lindsay (formerly of Paul Revere and the Raiders) that was a hit during the winter of 1969-1970. Mark Lindsay is an American Musician, best known as the singer for the group Paul Revere & the Raiders. Paul Revere and the Raiders is an American rock band that saw enormous mainstream success in the second half of the 1960s and earlier 1970s best-known for hits like

Arizona's budding music scene is helped by emerging bands, as well as some well-known artists. The Gin Blossoms, Chronic Future, Roger Clyne and the Peacemakers, Jimmy Eat World and others began their careers in Arizona. This article is about the band Gin Blossoms for the medical condition known by the term see Rosacea. Chronic Future is a band from Phoenix, Arizona. Their music can be described as a mix of hip-hop and rock Roger Clyne and the Peacemakers is an Alt-Country/Rock band from Tempe, Arizona, USA. Jimmy Eat World is an American Alternative rock band from Mesa, Arizona, formed in 1993. Also, a number of punk bands got their start in Arizona, including JFA, The Feederz, Sun City Girls, The Meat Puppets, and more recently Authority Zero. JFA ( Jodie Foster 's Army) is a Punk rock band formed in 1981, with roots in Arizona and in Southern California Skateboard The Feederz were a Punk rock band from Arizona. They are infamous for their song Jesus Entering from the Rear which featured on Alternative Tentacles The Sun City Girls were a United States Experimental rock band formed in Phoenix Arizona in 1982. "Meat Puppet" redirects here For other uses see Meat puppet. Authority Zero is a Punk rock band from Mesa Arizona. The band's style is rooted in Reggae and skate punk with Bad Religion, Pennywise There is also an indie rock scene with artists such as Scary Kids Scaring Kids, The Bled, Fine China, Greeley Estates, The Stiletto Formal, The Format. Indie rock is genre of Alternative rock that primarily exists in the independent Underground music scene Scary Kids Scaring Kids is an American Post-hardcore band formed in Gilbert Arizona in 2002 The Bled is a Post-hardcore band from Tucson, Arizona. The band members united over their love of music and their desire to get out of Tucson Fine China was an American Indie rock band from Phoenix Arizona, comprised by Rob Withem (vocals guitar Greg Markov (bass and Thom Walsh (drums Greeley Estates is a Post-hardcore band from Phoenix, Arizona. The Stiletto Formal is a self-proclaimed "eccentric rock and roll" band from Phoenix Arizona, and are one of the few rock bands featuring a Cello and The Format was an Indie pop band formed by Arizona natives Nate Ruess and Sam Means

Arizona also has its share of singers and other musicians. Singer, songwriter and guitarist Michelle Branch is from Sedona. A songwriter is someone who writes the Lyrics to songs the Musical composition (chords or Melody to songs or both A guitarist is a Musician who plays the Guitar. Guitarists may perform solo pieces or play with ensembles and bands of a wide variety of genres Michelle Jacquet Branch-Landau (born July 2, 1983) is an American Singer, Songwriter and Guitarist She made her For the Kia Motors Sedona automobile see Kia Carnival Sedona (sɨˈdoʊnə is a city and community that straddles Chester Bennington, the lead vocalist of Linkin Park, and mash-up artist DJ Z-Trip are both from Phoenix. Chester Charles Bennington (born on March 20 1976 is an American Musician, singer-songwriter and Multi-instrumentalist. Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California. A mashup or bootleg (also mash up and mash-up) is a song or composition created from the combination of the music from one song with the A cappella DJ Z-Trip (born Zach Sciacca) is a Phoenix Arizona native he was known early in his career for performing with the Bombshelter DJs ( DJ Emile Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, One of Arizona's more infamous musicians would be shock rocker Alice Cooper, who helped define the genre. Shock rock is a wide umbrella term for artists who combine Rock music with elements of theatrical Shock value in live performances Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American rock singer songwriter and musician whose career spans five Other notable singers include country singer Marty Robbins, folk singer Katie Lee, Fleetwood Mac's Stevie Nicks, CeCe Peniston, Rex Allen, 2007 American Idol winner Jordin Sparks, and Linda Ronstadt. Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. Martin David Robinson ( September 26 1925 – December 8, 1982) was an American singer songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous Katie Lee (b October 23, 1919 in Tucson Arizona) is an Arizona folk singer, writer actress and photographer Fleetwood Mac are a British / American Stephanie Lynn "Stevie" Nicks (born on May 26 1948 in Phoenix Arizona) is an American Singer-songwriter, best known for her work with Fleetwood CeCe Peniston (born Cecelia Peniston, September 6, 1969 in Dayton, Ohio) is a female American Dance music Rex Allen ( December 31, 1920 – December 17, 1999) was an American Actor, Singer, and Songwriter The sixth season of American Idol premiered on the Fox Broadcasting Company on January 16, 2007 and ran until May 23, Jordin Brianna Sparks (born December 22 1989 Sparks is an Evangelical Christian and attends Calvary Community Church in Phoenix Arizona Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15 1946 in Tucson Arizona) is an American popular vocalist and Entertainer whose vocal styles in a variety

See also Music of Arizona

Notable people

Some famous Arizonans involved in politics and government are:

• former Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor
• former U. Arizona 's Musical history has been heavily influenced by Mexican immigrants. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Sandra Day O'Connor (born March 26, 1930) is an American Jurist. S. Senator Dennis DeConcini
• Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio
• Junior Republican Senator Jon Kyl, current chairman of the Senate Minority Whip, and the No. Dennis Webster DeConcini (born May 8, 1937 Tucson, Arizona) is a former Democratic U Joseph M Arpaio (born June 14, 1932 in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States) is a law enforcement officer and the Sheriff This page is about the current Arizona Senator for his father a U The Assistant Majority and' Minority Leaders of the United States Senate' (commonly called Senate Majority and' Minority Whips) are the second-ranking 2 Republican in the Senate. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives
• Presidential candidate (2000), (2008) and Senior Republican Senator John McCain
• Presidential candidate (1964) and former U. S. Senator Barry Goldwater
• former Governor, Secretary of the Interior, and Presidential candidate (1988) Bruce Babbitt
• Presidential candidate (1976) and former Arizona congressman Mo Udall and his brother Secretary of the Interior Stewart Udall
• former U. Bruce Edward Babbitt (born June 27, 1938) a Democrat, served as United States Secretary of the Interior and as Governor of Arizona Morris King "Mo" Udall ( June 15, 1922 &ndash December 12, 1998) was an American politician who served as a U Stewart Lee Udall (born January 31, 1920) is a former American politician S. Senator Carl Hayden
• and former United States Solicitor General Rex E. Lee. Carl Trumbull Hayden ( October 2, 1877 &ndash January 25, 1972) was an American Politician and the first United States The United States Solicitor General is the individual appointed to argue for the Government of the United States in front of the Supreme Court of the United States Rex E Lee ( February 27, 1935 — March 11, 1996) from St Johns, Arizona was a respected Constitutional

Arizona notables in culture and the arts include:

• Musicians Curt Kirkwood and Cris Kirkwood of alternative rock band Meat Puppets
• author Zane Grey
• architect Frank Lloyd Wright
• musicians Chester Bennington of Linkin Park, Alice Cooper and Stevie Nicks of Fleetwood Mac, of Phoenix
• Linda Ronstadt of Tucson, Michelle Branch of Sedona, Authority Zero and Jimmy Eat World of Mesa, Gin Blossoms and Psychostick of Tempe, Chronic Future of Scottsdale
• poet Jim Simmerman of Flagstaff
• film director Steven Spielberg grew up in Scottsdale, as did David Spade and Wonder Woman star Lynda Carter. Curt Kirkwood (born January 10, 1959) is an American singer guitarist and songwriter Cris Kirkwood (born October 22, 1960) is the bassist and a founding member of the Meat Puppets, an alternative/punk rock band Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of "Meat Puppet" redirects here For other uses see Meat puppet. Zane Grey ( January 31, 1872 – October 23, 1939) was an American author best known for his popular adventure Novels and Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8 1867 &ndash April 9 1959 was an American (of Welsh descent Architect, Interior designer, Writer, and educator who Chester Charles Bennington (born on March 20 1976 is an American Musician, singer-songwriter and Multi-instrumentalist. Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California. Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American rock singer songwriter and musician whose career spans five Stephanie Lynn "Stevie" Nicks (born on May 26 1948 in Phoenix Arizona) is an American Singer-songwriter, best known for her work with Fleetwood Fleetwood Mac are a British / American Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15 1946 in Tucson Arizona) is an American popular vocalist and Entertainer whose vocal styles in a variety Michelle Jacquet Branch-Landau (born July 2, 1983) is an American Singer, Songwriter and Guitarist She made her Authority Zero is a Punk rock band from Mesa Arizona. The band's style is rooted in Reggae and skate punk with Bad Religion, Pennywise Jimmy Eat World is an American Alternative rock band from Mesa, Arizona, formed in 1993. This article is about the band Gin Blossoms for the medical condition known by the term see Rosacea. Psychostick is a metalcore band from Tempe Arizona, known for a silly image and usage of extreme humor in their songs and lyrics Chronic Future is a band from Phoenix, Arizona. Their music can be described as a mix of hip-hop and rock Jim Simmerman ( March 5, 1952 &mdash June 29, 2006) was a Poet and editor from the United States. Steven Allan Spielberg, KBE (Hon (born December 18 1946 is an American Film director, Screenwriter and producer. David Wayne Spade (born July 22, 1964) is an Emmy nominated American Actor, Comedian, Television personality Lynda Carter (born July 24, 1951) is an American actress and Singer.
• labor leader and civil rights pioneer Cesar Estrada Chavez was from San Luis, near Yuma
• Frederick Sommer an artist/photographer moved to Tucson in 1931 and lived in Prescott from 1935-1999

For a complete list, see List of people from Arizona. César Estrada Chávez ( March 31, 1927 – April 23, 1993) born in Yuma Arizona, was a Mexican-American farm worker Labor Frederick Sommer (September 7 1905 - January 23 1999 was an artist born in Angri, Italy and raised in Brazil. The following are people who were either born/raised or have lived for a significant period of time in Arizona.

State symbols

• Arizona state amphibian: Arizona Treefrog (Hyla eximia)
• Arizona state bird: Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus)
• Arizona state butterfly: Two-tailed Swallowtail (Papilio multicaudata)
• Arizona state colors: federal blue and old gold
• Arizona state fish: Arizona Trout (Oncorhynchus gilae apache)
• Arizona state flag: Flag of the State of Arizona
• Arizona state flower: Saguaro blossom (Carnegiea gigantea)
• Arizona state fossil: Petrified wood
• Arizona state gemstone: Turquoise
• Arizona state mammal: Ringtail (Bassariscus astutus)
• Arizona state motto: Ditat Deus (Latin God enriches)
• Arizona state neckwear: Bolo tie
• Arizona state reptile: Arizona Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi)
• Arizona state seal: Great Seal of the State of Arizona
• Arizona state slogan: Grand Canyon State
• Arizona state songs: Arizona March Song and Arizona
• Arizona state tree: Blue Palo Verde (Parkinsonia florida)

See also

• List of Arizona-related topics

References

Further reading

• Bayless, Betsy, 1998, Arizona Blue Book, 1997-1998. Phoenix, Arizona.
• McIntyre, Allan J. , 2008, The Tohono O'odham and Pimeria Alta. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, (ISBN 978-0738556338)
• Miller, Tom (editor), 1986, Arizona: The Land and the People. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press. (ISBN 0-8165-1004-0)
• Thomas, David M. (editor), 2003, Arizona Legislative Manual. In [5]. Phoenix, AZ: Arizona Legislative Council. Google Print. Retrieved January 16 2006.
• Trimble, Marshall, 1998, Arizona, A Cavalcade of History. Tucson, AZ: Treasure Chest Publications. (ISBN 0-918080-43-6)

External links

Official State Government website

• Official Website of the State of Arizona

Other references

• Arizona Regional Accounts Data
• Arizona Demographic Data from FedStats
• Arizona State Databases - Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Arizona state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
• Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records
• USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Arizona
• Arizona State Facts
• History topics timeline of Arizona 1862-1962[6]

Tourism information

• Official Arizona Office of Tourism
• Arizona Game & Fish Department (Hunting, Boating & Fishing)
• Arizona State Parks
• Arizona Russian Center
• American Southwest, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary

Preceded by New Mexico

List of U.S. states by date of statehood Admitted on February 14, 1912 (48th)

Succeeded by Alaska

New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This is a list of U Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent

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