Werner von Bülow's World-Rune-Clock, illustrating the correspondences between List's Armanen runes, the signs of the zodiac and the gods of the months

Armanism and Ariosophy are the names of ideological systems of an esoteric nature, pioneered by Guido von List and Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels respectively, in Austria between 1890 and 1930. The Armanen runes, or Armanen 'Futharkh' as List referred to them are a row of 18 Runes that are closely based on the Younger Futhark which were "revealed Zodiac denotes an annual cycle of twelve stations along the Ecliptic, the apparent path of the sun across the heavens through the Constellations that divide the ecliptic Guido Karl Anton List, better known as Guido von List ( October 5, 1848, in Vienna, &ndash May 17, 1919, in Adolf Josef Lanz (aka Jörg Lanz) who called himself Lanz von Liebenfels ( July 19 1874 - April 22, 1954) was an Austrian Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich List also used the name Wotanism, whereas Lanz also used the names Theozoology and Ario-Christianity. ^[1] The two authors inspired numerous others and a variety of organizations in Germany and Austria of that time. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.

This article follows the historian Goodrick-Clarke in summarizing these developments under the term Ariosophy, although this broader use of the word is retrospective and was not generally current among the esotericists themselves. Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke BA ( Bristol) DPhil ( Oxon) is a Professor of Western Esotericism at University of Exeter and author of ^[1] They were part of a general occult revival in Austria and Germany of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, loosely inspired by historical Germanic paganism and traditional concepts of occultism, and related to German romanticism. This article gives an overview of esoteric movements in Germany and Austria between 1880 and 1945 presenting Theosophy, Anthroposophy Germanic paganism refers to the religious beliefs of the Germanic peoples preceding Christianization. The word occult comes from the Latin word occultus (clandestine hidden secret referring to "knowledge of the hidden" The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the The connection of this Germanic mysticism with historical Germanic culture, though tenuous, is evident in the mystics' fascination with runes, in the form of List's Armanen runes. The Armanen runes, or Armanen 'Futharkh' as List referred to them are a row of 18 Runes that are closely based on the Younger Futhark which were "revealed

Overview

Ideology regarding the Aryan race (in the sense of Indo-Europeans, though with Germanic peoples being viewed as their purest representatives), runic symbols (including the swastika), and occultism are important elements in Ariosophy. The " Aryan race " is a concept in European culture that was influential in the period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic The swastika (from Sanskrit: svástika sa स्वस्तिक Hindu IS CORRECT if 'ि' is positioned incorrectly see -->) is From around 1900^[2] onwards, these ariosophic ideas (together with, and influenced by, Theosophy) contributed significantly to an occult counterculture in Germany and Austria. This article is about the philosophy introduced by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky This article gives an overview of esoteric movements in Germany and Austria between 1880 and 1945 presenting Theosophy, Anthroposophy The historic interest in this topic stems from the ideological relation of Ariosophy to Nazism, and is obvious in such book titles as:

• The Occult Roots of Nazism by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke
• The Man who gave Hitler his Ideas (Der Mann, der Hitler die Ideen gab), Wilfried Daim's biography of Lanz von Liebenfels

However, Goodrick-Clarke's comprehensive study finds little evidence of direct influence, except in the case of the highly idiosyncratic ancient-German mythos elaborated by the 'clairvoyant' (but in fact schizophrenic) SS-Brigadeführer Karl Maria Wiligut, of which the practical consequences were, first, the incorporation of Wiligut's symbolism into the ceremonies of an elite circle within the SS; and, secondly, the official censure of those occultists and runic magicians whom Wiligut stigmatised as heretics, which may have persuaded Heinrich Himmler to order the internment of several of them. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Aryan Cults and Their Influence on Nazi Ideology: The Ariosophists of Austria and Germany 1890-1935 is a book by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke BA ( Bristol) DPhil ( Oxon) is a Professor of Western Esotericism at University of Exeter and author of Wilfried Daim ( July 21, 1923 in Vienna) is an Austrian psychologist psychotherapist writer and art collector The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the Brigadeführer was an SS rank that was used in Nazi Germany between the years of 1932 and 1945 Karl Maria Wiligut (alias Weisthor, Jarl Widar, Lobesam and Karl Maria Weisthor) ( December 10, 1866 - January 3 The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945 was a Nazi German politician and head of the Schutzstaffel (SS. ^[3] The most notable other case is Himmler's Ahnenerbe. The Ahnenerbe was a Nazi German Think tank that promoted itself as a "study society for Intellectual Ancient History (For the debate on the direct relations to Nazi ideology see Religious aspects of Nazism. Historians political scientists and even philosophers have studied Nazism with a specific focus on its Religious or semi-religious aspects ) Goodrick-Clarke (1985: 192-202) examines what evidence there is for influences on Hitler and on other Nazis, but he concludes that "Ariosophy is a symptom rather than an influence in the way that it anticipated Nazism" (ibid. , 202).

'Ariosophic' writers and organisations

While a broad definition of the term 'Ariosophy' is useful for some purposes, various of the later authors, including Ellegaard Ellerbek, Philipp Stauff and Günther Kirchoff, can more exactly be described as cultivating the Armanism of List (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 155). Philipp Stauff (1876-1923 was a prominent German/Austrian journalist and publisher in Berlin. In a less broad approach one could also treat rune occultism separately. Although the Armanen runes go back to List, Rudolf John Gorsleben distinguished himself from other völkisch writers by making the esoteric importance of the runes central to his world view. Rudolf John Gorsleben ( 16 March 1883 &ndash 23 August 1930) was a German Ariosophist and Armanist, or practitioner Goodrick-Clarke therefore refers to the doctrine of Gorsleben and his followers as rune occultism, a description which also fits the eclectic work of Karl Spiesberger. Karl Spiesberger (Spießberger also formerly known as Frater Eratus or Fra Eratus (his mystico-magical name whilst a member of and involvement with the Fraternitas Highly practical systems of rune occultism, influenced mainly by List, were developed by Friedrich Bernhard Marby and Siegfried Adolf Kummer (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 160-62). Friedrich Bernhard Marby, born May 10 1882 in Aurich / Ostfriesland and died on April 3 1966, was a German rune occultist Siegfried Adolf Kummer, born 1899, is a German mysticist and Germanic revivalist. Also worthy of mention are Peryt Shou, the occult novelist; A. Frank Glahn, noted more for his pendulum dowsing; Rudolf von Sebottendorff and Walter Nauhaus, who built up the Thule Society; and Karl Maria Wiligut, who can actually be described as a Nazi occultist. Peryt Shou (legal name Albert Christian Georg Schultz (22 April 1873 - 24 October 1953 was a German Mysticist and Germanic pagan revivalist. A Frank Glahn (born 1865 - 1941 was a German mysticist Germanic revivalist and most notably a Pendulum dowser A pendulum is a mass that is attached to a pivot from which it can swing freely Dowsing, sometimes called doodlebugging, divining or water witching, is a practice whereby dowsers attempt to locate hidden Water wells Rudolf Freiherr von Sebottendorff (or von Sebottendorf) was the alias of Adam Alfred Rudolf Glauer ( November 9, 1875 &ndash May 8 The Thule Society (Thule-Gesellschaft originally the Studiengruppe für germanisches Altertum 'Study Group for Germanic Antiquity' was a German Occultist This article describes speculative theories about Nazism Semi-religious developments within post-1945 Nazism are discussed under the term Neo-völkisch movements.

Organisations include: the Guido von List Society, the High Armanen Order, the Ordo Novi Templi, the Germanenorden (in which a schism occurred) and the Thule Society.

Armanism

Guido von List in 1910 from the book Guido v. List: Der Wiederentdecker Uralter Arischer Weisheit by Johannes Balzli, published in 1917

Guido von List elaborated a racial religion premised on the concept of renouncing the imposed foreign creed of Christianity and returning to the pagan religions of the ancient Indo-Europeans (List preferred the equivalent term Ario-Germanen, or 'Aryo-Germans'). Johannes Hans Balzli, more commonly known as Johannes Balzli was an Austrian/German author newspaper editor Theosophist and Armanist, most notable for his biography Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings ^[4] In this, he became strongly influenced by the Theosophical thought of Madame Blavatsky, which he blended however with his own highly original beliefs, founded upon Germanic paganism. Elena Petrovna Gan (Елена Петровна Ган also Hélène, Yekaterinoslav, Ukraine, Russian Empire — May 8 1891 London) better

Before he turned to occultism, Guido List had written articles for German nationalist newspapers in Austria, as well as four historical novels and three plays, some of which were "set in tribal Germany" before the advent of Christianity (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 36-41). He also had written an anti-semitic essay in 1895. List adopted the aristocratic von between 1903 and 1907.

List called his doctrine Armanism after the Armanen, supposedly a body of priest-kings in the ancient Ario-Germanic nation. He claimed that this German name had been Latinized into the tribal name Herminones mentioned in Tacitus and that it actually meant the heirs of the sun-king: an estate of intellectuals who were organised into a priesthood called the Armanenschaft (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 56). The Irminones, also referred to as Herminones or Hermiones, were a group of early Germanic tribes settling in the Elbe watershed and by the Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (ca 56 &ndash ca 117 was a senator and a Historian of the Roman Empire.

His conception of the original religion of the Germanic tribes was a form of sun worship, with its priest-kings (similar to the Icelandic goði) as legendary rulers of ancient Germany. The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic "Sun god" redirects here For the Ramsey Lewis album see Sun Goddess (album. for the town in Nepal see Gothi Nepal A goði or gothi (plural goðar) is the Old Norse term for a Priest This is a timeline of German history. To read about the background to these events see History of Germany. Religious instruction was imparted on two levels. The esoteric doctrine (Armanism) was concerned with the secret mysteries of the gnosis, reserved for the initiated elite, while the exoteric doctrine (Wotanism) took the form of popular myths intended for the lower social classes (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 57). Gnosis (from one of the Greek words for Knowledge, γνώσις is the spiritual knowledge of a Saint or mystically enlightened human being

List believed that the transition from Wotanism to Christianity had proceeded smoothly under the direction of the skalds, so that native customs, festivals and names were preserved under a Christian veneer and only needed to be 'decoded' back into their heathen forms (Flowers 1988: 16-17). The skald was a member of a group of Poets whose courtly poetry (Icelandic dróttkvæði) is associated with the courts of Scandinavian and Icelandic This peaceful merging of the two religions had been disrupted by the forcible conversions under "bloody Charlemagne — the Slaughterer of the Saxons" (tr. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his The Saxons or Saxon people were a Confederation of Old Germanic tribes. Flowers 1988: 77). List claimed that the dominance of the Roman Catholic Church in Austria-Hungary constituted a continuing occupation of the Germanic tribes by the Roman empire, albeit now in a religious form, and a continuing persecution of the ancient religion of the Germanic peoples and Celts. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts

He also believed in the magical powers of the old runes. From 1891 onwards he claimed that heraldry was based on a system of encoded runes, so that heraldic devices conveyed a secret heritage in cryptic form. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. In April 1903, he submitted an article concerning the alleged Aryan proto-language to the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna. A proto-language is a Language which was the common ancestor of related languages that form a Language family. Its highlight was a mystical and occult interpretation of the runic alphabet, which became the cornerstone of his ideology. Although the article was rejected by the academy, it would later be expanded by List and grew into his final masterpiece, a comprehensive treatment of his linguistic and historical theories published in 1914 as Die Ursprache der Ario-Germanen und ihre Mysteriensprache (The Proto-Language of the Aryo-Germans and their Mystery Language).

List's doctrine has been described as gnostic, pantheist and deist (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 40, 50, 84 and passim). Gnosticism (γνώσις gnōsis, Knowledge) refers to a diverse Syncretistic Religious movement consisting of various Belief systems Pantheism ( Greek: πάν ( 'pan') = all and θεός ( 'theos') = God it literally means " God is All Deism is the belief that a supreme God exists and created the physical universe and that religious truths can be arrived at by the application of reason alone without dependence on revelation At its core is the mystical union of God, man and nature. Wotanism teaches that God dwells within the individual human spirit as an inner source of magical power, but is also immanent within nature through the primal laws which govern the cycles of growth, decay and renewal. Immanence, derived from the Latin in manere "to remain within" refers to philosophical and metaphysical theories of the divine as existing and acting within the mind (List explicitly rejects a dualism of spirit versus matter or of God over against nature. Dualism denotes a state of two parts The word's origin is the Latin duo, "two". ) Humanity is therefore one with the universe, which entails an obligation to live in accordance with nature. But the individual human ego does not seek to merge with the cosmos. "Man is a separate agent, necessary to the completion or perfection of 'God's work'" (Flowers 1988: 24). Being immortal, the ego passes through successive reincarnations until it overcomes all obstacles to its purpose. List foresaw the eventual consequences of this in a future utopia on earth, which he identified with the promised Valhalla, a world of victorious heroes:

"Thus in the course of uncounted generations all men will become Einherjar, and that state — willed and preordained by the godhead — of general liberty, equality, and fraternity will be reached. Utopia is a name for an ideal community taken from the title of a book written in 1516 by Sir Thomas More describing a fictional Island in the See also Death in Norse paganism In Norse mythology, Valhalla (from Old Norse Valhöll "hall of the slain" is a majestic enormous In Norse religion, the Einherjar ( Old Norse "lone fighters" are spirits of warriors who had died bravely in battle. This is that state which sociologists long for and which socialists want to bring about by false means, for they are not able to comprehend the esoteric concept that lies hidden in the triad: liberty, equality, fraternity, a concept which must first ripen and mature in order that someday it can be picked like a fruit from the World Tree. Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution The World Tree is a Motif present in several religions and mythologies particularly Indo-European religions The world tree is represented as a colossal " (List 1908, tr. Flowers 1988: 109)

List was familiar with the cyclical notion of time, which he encountered in Norse mythology and in the theosophical adaptation of the Hindu time cycles. Norse mythology comprises the indigenous pre-Christian religion, beliefs and Legends of the Scandinavian peoples including those who settled on Iceland Hinduism’s understanding of time is as grandiose as time itself He had already made use of cosmic rhythms in his early journalism on natural landscapes (that was republished in Deutsch-Mythologische Landschaftsbilder, Berlin 1891). In his later works^[5] List combined the cyclical concept of time with the "dualistic and linear time scheme" of western apocalyptic which counterposes a pessimism about the present world with an ultimate optimism regarding the future one (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 79, 80). In Das Geheimnis der Runen (The Secret of the Runes, tr. Flowers 1988: 107ff), List addresses the seeming contradiction by explaining the final redemption of the linear time frame as an exoteric parable which stands for the esoteric truth of renewal in many future cycles and incarnations. However, in the original Norse myths and Hinduism, the cycle of destruction and creation is repeated indefinitely, thus offering no possibility of ultimate salvation (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 79; 239, note 14 to Chapter 9). Hinduism is a religious tradition that originated in the Indian subcontinent.

Guido von List Society and High Armanen Order

Already in 1893 Guido List^[6] together with Fanny Wschiansky, had founded the Literarische Donaugesellschaft, a literary society (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 39). The Literarische Donaugesellschaft ( Danubian Literary Society) was an important literary association founded in 1893 by Guido von List and A literary society is a group of people interested in Literature.

In 1908 the Guido von List Society (Guido-von-List-Gesellschaft) was founded primarily by the Wannieck family (Friedrich Wannieck and his son Friedrich Oskar Wannieck being prominent and enthusiastic Armanists) as an occult völkisch organisation, with the purpose of financing and publishing List's research (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 42). Guido Karl Anton List, better known as Guido von List ( October 5, 1848, in Vienna, &ndash May 17, 1919, in Friedrich Wannieck (father of Friedrich Oskar Wannieck) was a prestigious and wealthy Austrian/German Industrialist most notable for his successful business ventures Friedrich Oskar Wannieck, died July 6 1912, was an Austrian/German and the son of Friedrich Wannieck. The word occult comes from the Latin word occultus (clandestine hidden secret referring to "knowledge of the hidden" The völkisch movement is the German interpretation of the populist movement with a romantic focus on Folklore and the "organic" The List Society was supported by many leading figures in Austrian and German politics, publishing, and occultism. ^[7] Although one might suspect a völkisch organisation to be anti-semitic, the society included at least two Jews among its members: Moritz Altschüler, a rabbinical scholar (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 99), and Ernst Wachler, who was of Jewish ancestry and later perished in a concentration camp. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial ^[8] The List Society published List's works under the series Guido-List-Bücherei (GLB). ^[9] Two other later works of List were published by Adolf Burdeke in Zürich. Zürich (, Zürich German: Züri, Zurich, Zurigo; in English generally Zurich) is the largest city in Switzerland and capital of the ^[10]

List had established exoteric and esoteric circles in his organisation. The High Armanen Order (Hoher Armanen Orden) was the inner circle of the Guido von List Society. Founded in midsummer 1911, it was set up as a magical order or lodge to support List's deeper and more practical work. The HAO conducted pilgrimages to what its members considered "holy Armanic sites", Stephansdom in Vienna, Carnuntum etc. St Stephen's Cathedral (Stephansdom is the Mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Carnuntum (Καρνοιις in Ptolemy) was an important Roman army camp in what is now Austria. They also had occasional meetings between 1911 and 1918, but the exact nature of these remains unknown. In his introduction to List's The Secret of the Runes, Stephen E. Flowers (1988: 11) notes: "The HAO never really crystallized in List's lifetime – although it seems possible that he developed a theoretical body of unpublished documents and rituals relevant to the HAO which have only been put into full practice in more recent years". Stephen Edred Flowers (born 1953 is an American Runologist and expert on Occultism and Germanic mysticism.

Listians under the Third Reich

List died on 17 May 1919, a few months before Adolf Hitler joined a minor Bavarian political party and formed it into the NSDAP. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately The, officially National Socialist German Workers' Party, ( abbreviated NSDAP) was a Political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945 After the Nazis had come to power, several advocates of Armanism fell victim to the suppression of esotericism in Nazi Germany. This article gives an overview of esoteric movements in Germany and Austria between 1880 and 1945 presenting Theosophy, Anthroposophy

The main reason for the persecution of occultists was the Nazi policy of systematically closing down esoteric organisations (although Germanic paganism was still practised by some Nazis on an individual basis), but the instigator in certain cases was Himmler's personal occultist, Karl Maria Wiligut. Wiligut identified the monotheistic religion of Irminism as the true ancestral belief, claiming that Guido von List's Wotanism and runic row constituted a schismatic false religion. Irminenschaft (or Irminism, Irminenreligion) is a current of Ariosophy based on a hypothetical Germanic deity Irmin (a Backformation

Among the Listians^[11] who were subjected to censure were the rune occultists Friedrich Bernhard Marby and Siegfried Adolf Kummer, both of whom were denounced by Wiligut in 1934 in a letter to Himmler. ^[12] Flowers (1988: 35) writes: "The establishment of [an] 'official NS runology' under Himmler, Wiligut, and others led directly to the need to suppress the rune-magical 'free agents' such as Marby". This article is about the philological discipline not to be confused with occultist concepts like Runosophy. Despite having openly supported the Nazis,^[13] Marby was arrested by the Gestapo in 1936 as an anti-Nazi occultist and was interned in Welzheim, Flossenbürg and Dachau concentration camps (Flowers 1988: 117 n. Welzheim is a town in the Rems-Murr district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Flossenbürg was a Nazi concentration camp built in May 1938 by the Schutzstaffel (SS Economic-Administrative Main Office at Flossenbürg, in the Dachau was a Nazi German Concentration camp, and the first one opened in Germany located on the grounds of an abandoned munitions Factory near the Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial 47; Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 161; Rudgley 2006: 119). Kummer disappears from history after Wiligut's denunciation in 1934 and his fate is unknown. He may have died in a concentration camp (Lange 1988). At "least one report has him fleeing Nazi Germany in exile to South America",^[14] but Rudgley (2006: 125) calls this "[u]nsubstantiated rumours. . . it is more likely that he perished in one of the camps that Marby was to survive or died during the Allied bombing of Dresden. Dresden (etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest, Drježdźany is the Capital city of the German "

Günter Kirchhoff, a List Society member whom Wiligut had recommended to Himmler on the strength of his researches into prehistory, is reported to have written that Wiligut by intrigue had ensured that Ernst Lauterer (a. k. a. "Tarnhari") – another List Society member, who claimed a secret clan tradition which rivalled Wiligut's own – was committed to a concentration camp as an "English agent". ^[15]

Theozoology

Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels

In 1903-1904 a Viennese ex-Cistercian monk, Bible scholar and inventor named Jörg Lanz-Liebenfels (subsequently, Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels) published a lengthy article under the Latin title 'Anthropozoon Biblicum' (The Biblical Man-Animal) in a journal for Biblical studies edited by Moritz Altschüler, a Jewish admirer of Guido von List. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. The author undertook a comparative survey of ancient Near Eastern cultures, in which he detected evidence from iconography and literature which seemed to point to the continued survival, into early historical times, of hominid ape-men similar to the dwarfish Neanderthal men known from fossil remains in Europe, or the Pithecanthropus (now called Homo erectus) from Java (Lanz-Liebenfels 1903: 337-39). B Syria - Belka Woman from Damascus Arab from Baghdadjpg|thumb|Inhabitants of the Near East late nineteenth century A hominid is any member of the biological family Hominidae (the "great apes" including the extinct and extant Humans Chimpanzees The Neanderthal (neɪˈændərtɑːl also with /niː-/ and /-θɔːl/ or Neandertal, is an extinct member of the Homo genus that is known from Homo erectus ( Latin: "upright man" is an extinct species of the genus Homo, believed to have been the first hominin Java (Jawa is an Island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city Jakarta. Furthermore, Lanz systematically analysed the Old Testament in the light of his hypothesis, identifying and interpreting coded references to the ape-men which substantiated an illicit practice of interbreeding between humans and "lower" species in antiquity. In Western Christianity, the Old Testament refers to the books that form the first of the two-part Christian Biblical canon.

In 1905 he expanded these researches into a fundamental statement of doctrine titled Theozoologie oder die Kunde von den Sodoms-Äfflingen und dem Götter-Elektron (Theozoology or the Science of the Sodomite-Apelings and the Divine Electron). He claimed that “Aryan” peoples originated from interstellar deities (termed Theozoa) who bred by electricity, while “lower” races were a result of interbreeding between humans and ape-men (or Anthropozoa). The effects of racial crossing caused the atrophy of paranormal powers inherited from the gods, but these could be restored by the selective breeding of pure Aryan lineages. Paranormal is an Umbrella term used to describe unusual Phenomena or experiences that lack an obvious Scientific explanation The book relied on somewhat lurid sexual imagery, decrying the abuse of white women by ethnically inferior but sexually active men. Thus, Lanz advocated mass castration of racially “apelike” or otherwise “inferior” males (Lanz von Liebenfels, republished 2002).

In the same year, Lanz commenced publication of the journal Ostara (named after the pagan Germanic goddess of spring) to promote his vision of racial purity. The magazine Ostara or Ostara Briefbücherei der Blonden und Mannesrechtler, (in English: Ostara newsletter of the blonde and Masculists On December 25, 1907 he founded the Order of the New Templars (Ordo Novi Templi, or ONT), a mystical association with its headquarters at Burg Werfenstein, a castle in Upper Austria overlooking the river Danube. Upper Austria (Oberösterreich Horní Rakousko is one of the nine states or Bundesländer of Austria. The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj Its declared aim was to harmonise science, art and religion on a basis of racial consciousness. Rituals were designed to beautify life in accordance with Aryan aesthetics, and to express the Order's theological system which Lanz called Ario-Christianity. The Order was the first to use the swastika in an "Aryan" meaning, displaying on its flag the device of a red swastika facing right, on a yellow-orange field and surrounded by four blue fleurs-de-lys above, below, to the right and to the left. The swastika (from Sanskrit: svástika sa स्वस्तिक Hindu IS CORRECT if 'ि' is positioned incorrectly see -->) is The fleur-de-lys (or fleur-de-lis, plural fleurs-de-lis ˌfləː(rdəˈliː (ˌfləː(rdəˈlɪs in Quebec) translated from French as "lily

The ONT declined from the mid-1930s and was suppressed by the Gestapo in 1942. The ( contraction of ge heime Sta ats' po' lizei: "Secret State Police" was the official Secret police of Nazi Germany By this time it had established seven utopian communities in Austria, Germany and Hungary. Utopia is a name for an ideal community taken from the title of a book written in 1516 by Sir Thomas More describing a fictional Island in the Though suspending its activities in the Greater German Reich, the ONT survived in Hungary until around the end of World War II (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 119, 122). Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including It went underground in Vienna after 1945, but was contacted in 1958 by a former Waffen-SS lieutenant, Rudolf Mund, who became Prior of the Order in 1979 (Goodrick-Clarke 2003: 135). The Waffen-SS ( German for "Armed SS" literally "Weapons SS" was the Combat arm of the Schutzstaffel ("Protective Squadron" Mund also wrote biographies of Lanz and Wiligut.

Ariosophy

The term Ariosophy (occult wisdom concerning the Aryans) was coined by Lanz von Liebenfels in 1915, and replaced “Theozoology” and “Ario-Christianity” as the label for his doctrine in the 1920s. ^[1]

This terminology was taken up by a group of occultists, formed in Berlin around 1920 and referred to by one of its main figures, Ernst Issberner-Haldane, as the 'Swastika-Circle'. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Lanz's publisher, Herbert Reichstein, made contact with the group in 1925 and formed it into an institute with himself as director. This association was named the Ariosophical Society in 1926, renamed the Neue Kalandsgesellschaft (from Kaland, Guido von List's term for a secret lodge or conventicle) in 1928, and renamed again as the Ariosophische Kulturzentrale in 1931, the year in which it opened an Ariosophical School at Pressbaum that offered courses and lectures in runic lore, biorhythms, yoga and Qabalah. Pressbaum is a small Town in the District of Wien-Umgebung in Lower Austria, Austria. A biorhythm (from Greek βιορυθμός - biorhuthmos) is a hypothetical cycle in physiological emotional or intellectual well-being Yoga ( Sanskrit: योग, IAST: yóga, joːgə refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the Hermetic Qabalah (from the Hebrew קַבָּלָה "reception" is a Western esoteric and mystical tradition

The institute maintained a friendly collaboration with Lanz, its guiding intellect and inspiration, but also acknowledged an indebtedness to List, declaring itself as the successor to the Armanen priest-kings and their hierophantic tradition. The role of the hierophant in religion is to bring the congregants into the presence of that which is deemed holy Reichstein's circle therefore establishes the historical precedent for a broad conception that was followed by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke in 1985 when he redefined Ariosophy as a general term to describe Aryan-centric occult theories and hermetic practices, including both Lanz's Ario-Christianity and the earlier Armanism of List, as well as later derivatives of either or both systems. If the term is employed in this extended sense, then Guido von List, and not Lanz von Liebenfels, was the founder of Ariosophy.

The justification for the broad definition is that List and Lanz were mutually influencing. The two men joined one another's societies; List figures in Lanz's pedigree of initiated predecessors; and Lanz is cited several times by List in The Religion of the Aryo-Germanic Folk: Esoteric and Exoteric (1910).

Germanenorden

Rudolf von Sebottendorff: bust by German sculptor Hanns Goebl

The List-inspired Germanenorden (Germanic or Teutonic Order, not to be confused with the medieval German order of the Teutonic Knights) was a völkisch secret society in early 20th century Germany. Hanns Goebl ( &ndash) was a skillful Sculptor during the reign of Nazi Germany, he sculpted many statutes that supported Nazi propaganda The Teutonic Order is a German Roman Catholic religious order. Secret society is a term used to describe a variety of organizations It was founded in Berlin in 1912 by several prominent German occultists including Theodor Fritsch, a political activist with a long history of anti-semitism; Philipp Stauff, who held office in the List Society and High Armanen Order; and Hermann Pohl, who became the Germanenorden's first leader. Theodor Fritsch (1852 - 1933 was a German Antisemite whose views did much to influence popular German opinion against Jews in the late 19th and early 20th Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility

The order, whose symbol was a swastika, had a hierarchical fraternal structure similar to Freemasonry. Local groups of the sect met to celebrate the summer solstice, an important neopagan festivity in völkisch circles (and later in Nazi Germany), and more regularly to read the Eddas as well as some of the German mystics [1]. Solstices occur twice a year when the tilt of the Earth's axis is most oriented toward or away from the Sun, causing the Sun to reach its northernmost and southernmost extremes Neopaganism or Neo-Paganism is an Umbrella term used to identify a wide variety of modern religious movements particularly those influenced by historical This page refers to the Eddur poems and tales of Norse Mythology German mysticism, sometimes called Dominican mysticism or Rhineland mysticism, was a late medieval Christian mystical movement that was especially

In addition to occult and magical philosophies, it taught to its initiates nationalist ideologies of Nordic racial superiority and anti-semitism, then rising throughout the Western world. As was becoming increasingly typical of völkisch organisations, it required its candidates to prove that they had no non-Aryan bloodlines and required from each a promise to maintain purity of his stock in marriage.

In 1916 during World War I, the Germanenorden split into two parts. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Eberhard von Brockhusen became the Grand Master of the "loyalist" Germanenorden. Eberhard von Brockhusen, died 1939, was a List society patron who lived at Langen in Brandenburg, Germany. Pohl, previously the order's Chancellor, founded a schismatic offshoot: the Germanenorden Walvater of the Holy Grail (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 131-32; Thomas 2005). He was joined in the same year by Rudolf von Sebottendorff (formerly Rudolf Glauer), a wealthy adventurer with wide-ranging occult and mystical interests. A Freemason and a practitioner of sufism and astrology, Sebottendorff was also an admirer of Guido von List and Lanz von Liebenfels. Sufism ( تصوّف - taṣawwuf, Persian: صوفی‌گری sufigari, Turkish: tasavvuf, Urdu: تصوف Astrology (from Greek grc ἄστρον astron, "constellation star" and grc -λογία -logia) is a group of Systems Convinced that the Islamic and Germanic mystical systems shared a common Aryan root, he was attracted by Pohl's runic lore and became the Master of the Walvater's Bavarian province late in 1917. Charged with reviving the province's fortunes, Sebottendorff increased membership from about a hundred in 1917 to 1500 by the autumn of the following year (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 142-43).

Thule Society

Main article: Thule Society

Thule Society emblem

In 1918 Sebottendorff made contact with Walter Nauhaus, a member of the Germanenorden who headed a "Germanic study group" called the Thule Gesellschaft (or Thule Society)(Phelps 1963). The Thule Society (Thule-Gesellschaft originally the Studiengruppe für germanisches Altertum 'Study Group for Germanic Antiquity' was a German Occultist The Thule Society (Thule-Gesellschaft originally the Studiengruppe für germanisches Altertum 'Study Group for Germanic Antiquity' was a German Occultist The Thule Society (Thule-Gesellschaft originally the Studiengruppe für germanisches Altertum 'Study Group for Germanic Antiquity' was a German Occultist The name of Nauhaus's original Thule Society was adopted as a cover-name for Sebottendorff's Munich lodge of the Germanenorden Walvater when it was formally dedicated on August 18, 1918, with Pohl’s assistance and approval (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 144). Sebottendorff states that the group was run jointly by himself and Nauhaus.

Deriving elements of its ideology and membership from earlier occult groups founded by List (Guido von List Society, established 1908) and Lanz von Liebenfels (the Order of the New Templars, established 1907), the Thule Society was dedicated to the triune god Walvater, identified with Wotan in triple form. For the Society's emblem Sebottendorff selected the oak leaves, dagger and swastika (Thomas 2005). The name Thule (an island located by Greek geographers at the northernmost extremity of the world) was chosen for its significance in the works of Guido von List. Thule (ˈθuːli; Greek Θούλη Thoulē; also called Thile, Tile, Tilla, Toolee, or Tylen) is in According to Thule Society mythology, Thule was the capital of Hyperborea, a legendary country supposedly in the far North polar regions, originally mentioned by Herodotus from Egyptian sources. In Greek mythology, according to tradition the Hyperboreans were a mythical people who lived far to the north of Thrace. Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( Greek: Hēródotos Halikarnāsseús) was a Greek Historian who lived in the 5th century BC ( 484 BC&ndash In 1679, Olaf Rudbeck equated the Hyperboreans with the survivors of Atlantis, who were first mentioned by Plato, again following Egyptian sources. Atlantis (in Greek,, "island of Atlas " is the name of a Legendary Island, first mentioned in Plato 's dialogues Biography Early life Birth and family Plato was born in Athens Greece Interestingly enough, Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) began his work Der Antichrist (The Antichrist) in 1895 with, "Let us see ourselves for what we are. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (October 15 1844 August 25 1900 ( was a nineteenth-century German philosopher and classical philologist We are Hyperboreans. "

From a historian's perspective, the importance of the Thule Society lies in its organising the discussion circle which led to the German Workers' Party (Deutsche Arbeiter-Partei, or DAP), founded in January 1919. The German Workers' Party ('Deutsche Arbeiterpartei', or DAP was the short-lived predecessor of the Nazi Party (German Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei The Thule Society's Karl Harrer was a co-founder, along with Anton Drexler (the party's first chairman). Karl Harrer ( 8 October 1890 - 5 September 1926) was a German Journalist and politician one of the founding members of the " Anton Drexler ( 13 June 1884 - 24 February 1942) was a German Nazi political leader of the 1920s Later the same year, Adolf Hitler joined the DAP, which was renamed as the NSDAP (or Nazi party) on April 1, 1920. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately The, officially National Socialist German Workers' Party, ( abbreviated NSDAP) was a Political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945 Some conspiracy theorists argue that the NSDAP, when under Hitler's leadership, was a political front for the Thule Society. However, against this theory stands Harrer's and Drexler's resistance to Hitler. After unsuccessful challenges to his growing power, both men resigned from the party, Harrer in 1920 and Drexler in 1923.

Speculative authors assert that a number of high Nazi Party officials had been members of the Thule Society (including such prominent figures as Max Amann, Dietrich Eckart, Rudolf Hess, Alfred Rosenberg and Gottfried Feder). Max Amann ( November 24 1891 - March 30 1957) was a Nazi official with the honorary rank of Dietrich Eckart ( 23 March 1868 - 26 December 1923) was a German politician one of the important early members of the National Socialist Rudolf Walter Richard Hess ( Heß in German) (26 April 1894 &ndash 17 August 1987 was a prominent figure in Nazi Germany, acting as Adolf Hitler (12 January 1893 16 October 1946 was an early and intellectually influential member of the Nazi Party. Gottfried Feder ( 27 January 1883 – 24 September 1941) was an economist and one of the early key members of the Nazi party. Eckart, the wealthy publisher of the newspaper Auf gut Deutsch (In Plain German), has been represented as a committed occultist and the most significant Thule influence on Hitler. He is believed to have taught Hitler a number of persuasive techniques, and so profound was his influence that Hitler’s book Mein Kampf was dedicated to him. Mein Kampf ( English: My Struggle/My Battle) is a book by Adolf Hitler. However, although Eckart attended Thule Society meetings, he was not a member and there is nothing to indicate that he trained Hitler in techniques of a mystical nature. Examining the membership lists, Goodrick-Clarke (1985: 149, 221) notes that Hess, Rosenberg and Feder were — like Eckart — guests of the Thule Society in 1918 but not actual members. He also describes a Thule Society membership roll including Hans Frank and Heinrich Himmler as "spurious". Hans Michael Frank ( May 23 1900 &ndash October 16 1946) was a German Lawyer who worked for the Nazi party Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945 was a Nazi German politician and head of the Schutzstaffel (SS. There is no evidence that Hitler himself had any connection with the Society, even as an associate or visitor. However, a member of the Thule Society, dentist Dr. Friedrich Krohn, did choose the swastika symbol for the Nazi party (although the design was revised at Hitler's insistence). The swastika (from Sanskrit: svástika sa स्वस्तिक Hindu IS CORRECT if 'ि' is positioned incorrectly see -->) is

In 1923, Sebottendorff was expelled from Germany as an undesirable alien; around 1925, the Thule Society disbanded. In 1933, Sebottendorff returned to Germany and published Bevor Hitler kam: Urkundliches aus der Frühzeit der nationalsozialistischen Bewegung von Rudolf von Sebottendorff (see Phelps 1963). The book was banned by the Bavarian political police on March 1, 1934; Sebottendorff was arrested by the Gestapo, interned in a concentration camp, then expelled to Turkey yet again, where he committed suicide by drowning in the Bosphorus on May 9, 1945, as the Nazis surrendered to the Allies. The ( contraction of ge heime Sta ats' po' lizei: "Secret State Police" was the official Secret police of Nazi Germany The Bosporus or Bosphorus, also known as the Istanbul Strait, (İstanbul Boğazı (Βόσπορος is a Strait that forms the boundary between the

Edda Society

Rudolf John Gorsleben

Rudolf John Gorsleben was associated with the Thule Society during the Bavarian Soviet Republic of 1919 and, along with Dietrich Eckart, he was taken prisoner by the Communists, narrowly escaping execution. The Bavarian Soviet Republic, also known as the Munich Soviet Republic ( German: Bayerische Räterepublik or Münchner Räterepublik) was He threw himself into the ferment of Bavaria's völkisch politics and formed a close working relationship with the local Germanenorden before devoting himself to literary pursuits (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 156).

On 29 November 1925, Gorsleben founded the Edda Society (Edda-Gesellschaft), a mystic study group, at Dinkelsbühl in Franconia. Dinkelsbühl is a historic city in Bavaria, Germany. It lies in the district of Ansbach, north of Aalen. Franconia (Franken is a historic region of Germany comprising the northern parts of the modern state of Bavaria and the area to its immediate west He himself was Chancellor of the Society and published its periodical Deutsche Freiheit (German Freedom), later renamed Arische Freiheit (Aryan Freedom). Assisted by learned contributors to his study-group, Gorsleben developed an original and eclectic mystery religion founded in part upon the Armanism of List, whom he quoted with approval (ibid. Mystery Religions, Sacred Mysteries or simply Mysteries, were "religious cults of the Graeco-Roman , 156-159).

Grand Master of the Society was Werner von Bülow (1870-1947). The treasurer was Friedrich Schaefer from Mühlhausen, whose wife, Käthe, kept open house for another occult-völkisch circle (the 'Free Sons of the North and Baltic Seas') which gathered around Karl Maria Wiligut in the early 1930s (ibid. Mühlhausen (official Mühlhausen/Thüringen) is a City in the Federal state Thuringia, Germany. , 159, 183). Mathilde von Kemnitz, a prolific völkisch writer who married General Erich Ludendorff in 1926, was an active member of the Edda Society. Mathilde Friederike Karoline Ludendorff (born Mathilde Spiess on October 4, 1877 in Wiesbaden &ndashdied June 24, 1966 Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff (sometimes given incorrectly as von Ludendorff) (9 April 1865–20 December 1937 was a German Army officer, Generalquartiermeister ^[16]

When Rudolf John Gorsleben died from heart disease in August 1930, the Edda Society was taken over by Bülow who had designed a 'world-rune-clock' which illustrated the correspondences between the runes, the gods and the zodiac, as well as colours and numbers. Zodiac denotes an annual cycle of twelve stations along the Ecliptic, the apparent path of the sun across the heavens through the Constellations that divide the ecliptic Bülow also took over the running of Gorsleben's periodical and changed its name from Arische Freiheit to Hag All All Hag, and then Hagal. Hagal is the 7th rune of Armanen Futharkh of Guido von List, derived from the Younger Futhark Hagal rune.

Modern organisations

In the later 20th century, Germanic neopagan movements oriented themselves more towards polytheistic reconstructionism, turning away from theosophic and occult elements, but elements of Ariosophical mysticism continue to play a role in some white supremacist organizations. Germanic Neopaganism, Heathenism or Heathenry is the modern revival of historical Germanic paganism. Polytheistic reconstructionism, or simply Reconstructionism, is an approach to Neopaganism first emerging in the late 1960s to early 1970s and gatherig momentum White supremacy is a racist ideology based on the assertion that White people are superior to other racial groups. Alleged mystical or shamanic aspects of historical pre-Christian Germanic culture, summarized as seidr are also practiced in Odinism (Freya Aswynn, Nigel Pennick, Karl Spiesberger, see also Germanic Runic Astrology, The Book of Blotar). Seid or seiðr is an Old Norse term for a type of Sorcery or Witchcraft which was practiced by the pre-Christian Norse. Freya Aswynn is the Pen name of Elizabeth Hooijschuur (born in November 1949 Zaandam) a Dutch musician painter astrologist Nigel Campbell Pennick, born 1946 in Guildford, Surrey, England in the United Kingdom, an author Karl Spiesberger (Spießberger also formerly known as Frater Eratus or Fra Eratus (his mystico-magical name whilst a member of and involvement with the Fraternitas The Book of Blotar is a book of rituals published by the Odinic Rite for the purposes of celebrating Odinism.

Armanen-Orden

Circular arrangement of the Armanen Futharkh. The Armanen runes, or Armanen 'Futharkh' as List referred to them are a row of 18 Runes that are closely based on the Younger Futhark which were "revealed

The Guido von List Society was re-established in the late 1960s through contacts between the German/Austrian occultist Adolf Schleipfer (1947- ) and the still living last president of the Society, Hanns Bierbach. ^[17] Schleipfer had discovered some of List's works in an antique bookstore in the mid-sixties, and was inspired to found the runic and Armanist magazine Irminsul^[18] in hopes of attracting suitable people for a revived Listian order. An Irminsul ( Old Saxon, probably "great/mighty pillar" or "arising pillar" was a kind of Pillar which is attested as playing an important role He was appointed the new president and continued to publish Irminsul as the "Voice of the Guido von List Society. "

Schleipfer also attended meetings of a related organisation, the Gode-Orden (Gothi-Order), which propagated a similar mixture of occult völkisch thinking. for the town in Nepal see Gothi Nepal A goði or gothi (plural goðar) is the Old Norse term for a Priest There he met his wife Sigrun Schleipfer, née Hammerbacher (1940- ),^[19] daughter of the völkisch writer and former NSDAP district leader, Dr. Hans Wilhelm Hammerbacher (Schnurbein 1995: 27ff). In 1976 the Schleipfers founded the Armanen-Orden (or Armanen Order) as the reorganised Guido von List Society (Schnurbein 1995: 25). Since then, Adolf and Sigrun have served as the Grandmasters of the order, although they have divorced and Sigrun now refers to herself as Sigrun von Schlichting or Sigrun Freifrau von Schlichting. They also revived the High Armanen Order (HAO) and brought it to "an unprecedented level of activity" (Flowers 1988: 36).

The Armanen-Orden is a neopagan esoteric society and religious order reviving the occult teachings of Guido von List. Neopaganism or Neo-Paganism is an Umbrella term used to identify a wide variety of modern religious movements particularly those influenced by historical Its internal structure is organized in nine grades, inspired by Freemasonry. The order is modelled on, but not limited to, the precepts of List, and its principles as formulated in its brochures are as follows:

"The Armanen Order embodies the entire Germanic and Celtic peoples in their mental, spiritual and physical uniqueness.

The Armanen Order embodies the true realisation of the divine world order based on Germanic and Celtic wisdom, whose religious and cultic aspect is formed by the native myths of the gods.

The Awakening of the Armanen Order is a rebirth of life based on its natural foundations of the Germanic and Celtic people. "

The Armanen-Orden celebrates seasonal festivities in a similar fashion as Odinist groups do and invites interested people to these events. Germanic Neopaganism, Heathenism or Heathenry is the modern revival of historical Germanic paganism. The highlights are three 'Things' at Ostara (Easter), Midsummer and Fall (Wotan's sacrificial death), which are mostly celebrated at castles close to sacred places, such as the Externsteine. The Externsteine are a distinctive Rock formation located in the Teutoburger Wald region of northwestern Germany, not far from the city of Detmold The author Stefanie von Schnurbein attended a Fall Thing in 1990 and gives the following report in Religion als Kulturkritik (Religion and Cultural Criticism):

". Stefanie von Schnurbein is a German academic who first became well known for her book Religion als Kulturkritik as well as for writing about the occult Religion als Kulturkritik is a book by the academic Stefanie von Schnurbein based on occult Germanic mysticism . . the participants meet in a room decorated with hand-woven wall hangings and pictures of Germanic gods, Odin and Frigga in this case. . . At one end of the room is a table covered with black cloth. On this a 4 ft. high wooden Irminsul, a spear, a sword, a replica of a sun disc chariot, a leather-bound copy of The Edda as well as ritual bowls and candles are placed. An Irminsul ( Old Saxon, probably "great/mighty pillar" or "arising pillar" was a kind of Pillar which is attested as playing an important role This page refers to the Eddur poems and tales of Norse Mythology The participants are seated in a semi-circle in front of the table, the front row being occupied by Order members clothed in their ritual garb (black shirts for the men and long white dresses for the women; both have the AO emblem sewn on them). . . . after several invocations the 'spirit flame', symbolising Odin in the spirit world, is lit in a bowl filled with lamp oil. The purpose of this cultic celebration is the portrayel of Odin's concentration from spirit into matter. After a recital of the first part of Odin's rune poem () from The Edda, the "blood sacrifice" commences, in which a bowl with animal blood is raised to the beat of a gong and an invocation of sacrifice. Then Odin is called into the realm by the participants who assume the Odal rune stance, whisper 'W-O-D-A-N' nine times and finally sing an ode to Odin with the following words: 'Odin-Wodan come to us, od-uod, uod'. Wodan's sacrifice to himself is symbolised by extinguishing the flame. "

In 1977 Sigrun Schleipfer founded the Gemeinschaft zur Erhaltung der Burgen ("Society for the Conservation of Castles"), which proclaims castles to be among the "last paradises of the romantic era" in this cold modern age and had as its primary aim the purchase and restoration of a castle for the Order. In 1995, the society finally acquired the castle of Rothenhorn in Szlichtyngowa (Poland), a run-down structure dating back to the 12th century, though most of the complex dates from the 16th century. Szlichtyngowa is a town in Poland, in the Wschowa County of the Lubuskie Voivodship, near the Oder River. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland

Over many years, Adolf and Sigrun have republished all of List's works (and many others relating to the Armanen runes) in their original German. Adolf Schleipfer has also contributed an article to The Secret King, a study of Karl Maria Wiligut by Stephen Flowers and Michael Moynihan, in which he points out the differences between Wiligut's beliefs and those which are accepted within Odinism or Armanism (Schleipfer 2007). The Secret King, subtitled Karl Maria Wiligut Himmler's Lord of the Runes, published in 2005 documents the life Notable people named Michael Moynihan include Michael Moynihan (journalist (born 1969 American journalist and founder of Blood Axis

Research on Ariosophy

After the war, Lanz von Liebenfels was first brought to a wider (and scholarly) attention with Wilfried Daim's book Der Mann, der Hitler die Ideen gab (The Man who gave Hitler his Ideas)(1957). Wilfried Daim ( July 21, 1923 in Vienna) is an Austrian psychologist psychotherapist writer and art collector Although the book was not always taken seriously within academia, for some time Lanz was seen as one of the most important influences on Hitler. Since the 1990s, however, historians have cast doubt on Lanz' significance. The historian Brigitte Hamann, who has written Hitler's Vienna: A Dictator's Apprenticeship, is of the view that Lanz partly influenced Hitler's diction, but had only marginal influences on Adolf Hitler's religious beliefs. Brigitte Hamann PhD (born July 26, 1940) is a German Author and Historian based in Vienna. Adolf Hitler 's religious beliefs have been a matter of dispute in part because of apparently inconsistent statements made by and attributed to him

The occult roots of Nazism?

Main article: Nazi occultism

The Thule society, from which the NSDAP originated, was one of the ariosophic groups of the 1920s. This article describes speculative theories about Nazism Semi-religious developments within post-1945 Nazism are discussed under the term Neo-völkisch movements. The Thule Society (Thule-Gesellschaft originally the Studiengruppe für germanisches Altertum 'Study Group for Germanic Antiquity' was a German Occultist The, officially National Socialist German Workers' Party, ( abbreviated NSDAP) was a Political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945 The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada Thule Gesellschaft had initially been the name of the Munich lodge of the Germanenorden. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Armanism and Ariosophy are the names of ideological systems of an Esoteric nature pioneered by Guido von List and Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels It took it's name from an alleged lost continent Thule, which was assumed to be the mythical homeland from which the Aryan race had originated. Lost lands are Continents, Islands or other regions believed by some to have existed during Prehistory, but to have since disappeared as a result of Thule (ˈθuːli; Greek Θούλη Thoulē; also called Thile, Tile, Tilla, Toolee, or Tylen) is in The " Aryan race " is a concept in European culture that was influential in the period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries Atlantis at least, and most likely also Hyperborea, were taken to be identical with Thule (Strohm 1997: 57). Atlantis (in Greek,, "island of Atlas " is the name of a Legendary Island, first mentioned in Plato 's dialogues In Greek mythology, according to tradition the Hyperboreans were a mythical people who lived far to the north of Thrace. The superiority of Aryans over all other races was a key concept and the members of various Germanenorden-lodges saw themselves (as Teutons or Germanic peoples) as the 'purest' branch of the Aryan race. The Teutons or Teutones (from Proto-Germanic * Þeudanōz) were mentioned as a Germanic tribe by Greek and Roman authors The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic

Defenders of List and Lanz claim that the anti-semitism that drove Nazi policies was much older and more deeply rooted among the peoples of central Europe than can be credited to the "fringe works" of mystics and rune magicians. Central Europe is the Region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and It has been alleged, for example, that the roots of Nazi anti-semitism can be traced to the Lutheran and Catholic churches as it was the Catholic Church Fathers who first invented ideas about the Jews being an inferior "race", and who drove anti-semitic policies right up to and all during the Second World War (Kertzer 2001). Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

Some of Lanz's proposals for racial purification anticipate the Nazis. The sterilisation of those deemed to be genetically "unfit" was in fact implemented under the Nazi eugenics policies, but its basis lay in the theories of scientific racial hygienists. Nazi eugenics were Nazi Germany 's race-based social policies that placed the improvement of the race through Eugenics at the center of their Eugenics is a social Philosophy which advocates the improvement of Human Hereditary traits through various forms of intervention The Nazi eugenics programme has no proven connection with Lanz's mystical rationale. Eugenic ideas were widespread in his lifetime, whereas he himself was banned from publishing in the Third Reich and his writings were suppressed. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers

Following Goodrick-Clarke's caution in assessing the relation between the two,^[20] Adolf Hitler cannot be considered a pupil of Lanz von Liebenfels, as Lanz himself had claimed (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 192). Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately However, it has been suggested with some evidential basis that the young Hitler did read and collect Lanz's Ostara magazine while living in Vienna:

"In view of the similarity of their ideas relating to the glorification and preservation of the endangered Aryan race, the suppression and ultimate extermination of the non-Aryans, and the establishment of a fabulous Aryan-German millennial empire, the link between the two men looks highly probable. " (Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 194)

Nevertheless: "It also remains a fact that Hitler never mentioned the name of Lanz in any recorded conversation, speech, or document. If Hitler had been importantly influenced by [Lanz], he cannot be said to have ever acknowledged this debt" (ibid. , 198).

Notes

References

• Balzli, Johannes. Johannes Hans Balzli, more commonly known as Johannes Balzli was an Austrian/German author newspaper editor Theosophist and Armanist, most notable for his biography 1917. Guido v. List: Der Wiederentdecker Uralter Arischer Weisheit - Sein Leben und sein Schaffen. "Guido v List Der Wiederentdecker Uralter Arischer Weisheit - Sein Leben und sein Schaffen" is a book written by Johannes Balzli Leipzig and Vienna: Guido-von-List-Gesellschaft.
• Flowers, Stephen E. , and Michael Moynihan. 2007. The Secret King: The Myth and Reality of Nazi Occultism. The Secret King, subtitled Karl Maria Wiligut Himmler's Lord of the Runes, published in 2005 documents the life Feral House and Dominion Press. Feral House is a book Publisher owned and operated by Adam Parfrey. Paperback, ISBN 978-1-9325952-5-3. Hardcover (2008), ISBN 978-0-9712044-6-1. Revised and expanded edition of Flowers and Moynihan 2001, The Secret King: Karl Maria Wiligut, Himmler's Lord of the Runes. The Real Documents of Nazi Occultism, Dominion Press and Rûna-Raven Press.
• Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas. Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke BA ( Bristol) DPhil ( Oxon) is a Professor of Western Esotericism at University of Exeter and author of 1985. The Occult Roots of Nazism: The Ariosophists of Austria and Germany 1890-1935. The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Aryan Cults and Their Influence on Nazi Ideology: The Ariosophists of Austria and Germany 1890-1935 is a book by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke Wellingborough, England: The Aquarian Press. ISBN 0-85030-402-4. Republished 1992 as The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Aryan Cults and Their Influence on Nazi Ideology: The Ariosophists of Austria and Germany, 1890-1935 (New York University Press, ISBN 0-8147-3060-4) and 2003 as The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Aryan Cults and Their Influence on Nazi Ideology (Gardners Books, ISBN 1-86064-973-4).
• ———. 2003. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity. Black Sun Aryan Cults Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity is a Book by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-3155-4
• Junker, Daniel. 2002. Gott in uns. Die Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte völkischer Religiosität in der Weimarer Republik. (German)
• Kertzer, David. David I Kertzer is Paul Dupee Jr University Professor of Social Science Professor of Anthropology (1992&ndash) Professor of History (1992&ndash2001 and Professor of Italian Studies 2001. Popes Against the Jews. Knopf.
• Lange, Hans-Jürgen. 1998. Weisthor: Karl Maria Wiligut - Himmlers Rasputin und seine Erben.
• Lanz-Liebenfels, J. 1903/1904. "Anthropozoon Biblicum", Vierteljahrsschrift für Bibelkunde 1 (1903): 307-55, 429-69; 2 (1904): 26-60, 314-35, 395-412.
• ———. 1905. Theozoologie: oder die Kunde von den Sodoms-Äfflingen und dem Götter-Elektron. Vienna. (Republished as Georg Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels 2002. ISBN-10: 3831131570, ISBN-13: 978-3831131570)[2]
• List, Guido von. 1908. Das Geheimnis der Runen (Guido-von-List-Bücherei 1). Gross-Lichterfelde: P. Zillmann. Translated with introduction by Stephen E. Flowers, Ph. D. (aka Edred Thorsson) 1988 as The Secret of the Runes. Das Geheimnis der Runen (English 'The Secret of the Runes') is a book by Austrian mystic Guido von List, in which he presents his " Armanen Rochester, Vermont: Destiny Books. ISBN 0-89281-207-9
• ———. 1910. Die Religion der Ario-Germanen in ihrer Esoterik und Exoterik. Zürich.
• Marby, F. B. 1935. Rassische Gymnastik als Aufrassungsweg (Marby-Runen-Bücherei 5/6). Stuttgart.
• Phelps, Reginald H. 1963. ""Before Hitler Came": Thule Society and Germanen Orden". Journal of Modern History 35(3): 245-261. [3]
• Rudgley, Richard. Richard Ian Rudgley (born 1961) is a British Anthropologist, Author and Television presenter 2007 [2006]. Pagan Resurrection: A Force for Evil or the Future of Western Spirituality?. Pagan Resurrection, subtitled A Force for Evil or the Future of Western Spirituality?, is a 2006 book written by London: Arrow Books. Random House Inc is the world's largest English-language general trade book publisher ISBN 978-0-099-28119-1.
• Schleipfer, Adolf. 2007. "The Wiligut Saga". In Flowers and Moynihan 2007. Originally published in Irminsul 5 (1982).
• Schnurbein, Stefanie von. 1995 [1992]. Religion als Kulturkritik. Religion als Kulturkritik is a book by the academic Stefanie von Schnurbein based on occult Germanic mysticism
• Strohm, Harald. 1997 [1973]. Die Gnosis und der Nationalsozialismus (Gnosis and National Socialism). Suhrkamp.
• Sünner, Rüdiger. 1997. Schwarze Sonne: Entfesselung und Missbrauch der Mythen in Nationalsozialismus und rechter Esoterik.
• Thomas, Robert. 2005. "The Nature of Nazi Ideology" (history). Libertarian. co. uk webpage: LibertarianCoUk-Histn015-PDF

See also

• Black Sun
• Julius Evola, an influential esotericist who articulated a strain of Aryan racial-mysticism more closely related to René Guénon
• Fylfot
• Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft (Community for Germanic Beliefs), a neopagan body founded in 1907 by Professor Ludwig Fahrenkrog of Bremen — not strictly Ariosophical, but some overlap of membership
• List of terms in Germanic mysticism
• Sig Rune

External links

• "Ariosophy Overview", a critical study from the pages of the left-orientated German Neopagan group Rabenclan
• Armanenschaft glossary
• "Der Runen ewiger Sinn" by H. The term Black Sun (German Schwarze Sonne) also referred to as the Sonnenrad (the German for "Sun Wheel" is a symbol of Esoteric or Occult Julius Evola, also known as Baron Giulio Cesare Evola, ( May 19, 1898 &ndash June 11, 1974) was an Italian Philosopher René Guénon ( November 15 1886 – January 7 1951) was a French author and intellectual who remains an influential figure in the Fylfot or fylfot cross is a Synonym for Swastika, sometimes used in Britain. Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft ( Germanic Faith-Community) is a Germanic Neopagan organization based in Germany. Ludwig Fahrenkrog ( October 20, 1867 &ndash October 27, 1952) was a German writer playwright and artist For more see List of magical terms and traditions Also see the category 'Magical terms in Germanic mysticism' Sig is the name given by Guido von List for the Sigel or s Rune of the Armanen Futharkh, and is also used by Karl Maria Wiligut W. Hammerbacher
• Works by and about Adolf Schleipfer in the German National Library catalogue