In general terms, the climate of a local or region is said to be arid when it is characterized by a severe lack of available water, to the extent of hindering or even preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. MOrphogenesis is an EP by Industrial Black metal band.And Oceans. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. As a result, environments subject to arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic. A desert is a Landscape or region that receives very little precipitation. Juba, South Sudan is an Arid land.
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Concepts
The expression 'available water' refers to water in the soil in excess to the wilting point. Permanent wilting point ( PWP) or wilting point ( WP) is defined as the minimal point of Soil moisture the plant requires not to wilt The air over a hot desert may actually contain substantial amounts of water vapor but that water may not be generally accessible to plants, except for very specialized organisms (such as some species of lichen). General properties of water vapor Evaporation/sublimation Whenever a water molecule leaves a surface it is said to have evaporated Lichens (ˈlaɪkən or /lɪtʃən/ are symbiotic associations of a Fungus (the mycobiont with a photosynthetic partner (the photobiont also known as 'Lack of water' refers to use by plants. The water that is actually present in the environment may be sufficient for some species or usages (such as climax vegetation), and grossly insufficient for others. Climax vegetation is the Vegetation which establishes itself on a given site for given climatic conditions in the absence of Aridity, the characteristic nature of arid climates, may thus depend on the use of the land. Land use' is also often used to refer to the distinct land use types in Zoning. Regards to the presence of life, what is more important than the degree of rainfall is the fraction of precipitation that is not quickly lost through evaporation or runoff. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric Evaporation is the process by which Molecules in a Liquid state (e Surface runoff is a term used to describe when soil is infiltrated to full capacity and excess Water, from Rain, Snowmelt, or other sources flows Attempts to quantitatively describe the degree of aridity of a place has often led to the development of aridity indexes. An aridity index (AI is a numerical indicator of the degree of dryness of the climate at a given location There is no universal agreement on the precise boundaries between classes such as 'hyper-arid', 'arid', 'semi-arid', etc. A Semi-arid climate or steppe climate generally describes climatic regions that receive low annual Rainfall (250-500 mm or 10-20 in
Geographical distribution
If different classification schemes and maps differ in their details, there is a general agreement about the fact that large areas of the Earth are considered arid. These include the hot deserts located broadly in sub-tropical regions, where the accumulation of water is largely prevented by either low precipitations, or high evaporation, or both, as well as cold deserts near the poles, where water may be permanently locked in solid forms (snow and ice). Other arid regions include areas located in the rain shadows of major mountain ranges or along coastal regions affected by significant upwelling (such as the Atacama Desert). For the Australian television series see Rain Shadow (TV series. Atacama redirects here for the political-administrative region of Chile, see Atacama Region.
Change over time
The distribution of aridity observed at any one point in time is largely the result of the general circulation of the atmosphere. An atmosphere (from Greek ατμός - atmos, " Vapor " + σφαίρα - sphaira, " Sphere " The latter does change significantly over time through climate change. Climate change is any long-term significant change in the “average weather” that a given region experiences In addition, changes in land use can result in greater demands on soil water and induce a higher degree of aridity. See aridification. Aridification is the process of a region becoming increasingly dry.
See also
References
- Griffiths, J. A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply Vapor pressure (also known as equilibrium vapor pressure or saturation vapor pressure) is the Pressure of a Vapor in equilibrium Relative humidity is a measurement of the amount of Water vapor that exists in a gaseous mixture of air and water F. (1985) 'Climatology', Chapter 2 in Handbook of Applied Meteorology, Edited by David D. Houghton, John Wiley and Sons, ISBN 0-471-08404-2.
- Durrenberger, R. W. (1987) 'Arid Climates', article in The Encyclopedia of Climatology, p. 92-101, Edited by J. E. Oliver and R. W. Fairbridge, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, ISBN 0-87933-009-0.
- Stadler, S. J (1987) 'Aridity Indexes', article in The Encyclopedia of Climatology, p. 102-107, Edited by J. E. Oliver and R. W. Fairbridge, Van Nostrand Reinhld Company, New York, ISBN 0-87933-009-0.
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