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For other uses of this term, see Argonaut.
Gathering of the Argonauts (?), Attic red-figure krater, 460–450 BC, Louvre (G 341)
Gathering of the Argonauts (?), Attic red-figure krater, 460–450 BC, Louvre (G 341)
The Argo, by Lorenzo Costa
The Argo, by Lorenzo Costa

In Greek mythology, the Argonauts (Ancient Greek: Αργοναύται) were a band of heroes who, in the years before the Trojan War, accompanied Jason to Colchis (modern day Georgia) in his quest to find the Golden Fleece. Attica (Αττική Attikí;) is a periphery (subdivision in Greece, containing Athens, the capital of Greece For the Landform crater see Crater. A krater (in Greek: κρατήρ kratēr, from the Verb κεράννυμι The Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre located in Paris is the world's most visited art museum a historic monument and a national museum of France Lorenzo Costa (1460 – March 5 1535) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance. Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c In Greek mythology, the Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans after Paris of Troy stole Helen from her Jason ( Greek: Ἰάσων, Etruscan: Easun, Laz: Yason) was a late ancient Greek mythological In ancient Geography, Colchis or Kolchis ( Georgian and Laz: კოლხეთი k'olxeti; Greek:, Kolchís Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece (Χρυσόμαλλον Δέρας is the fleece of the winged ram Chrysomallos (Χρυσόμαλλος Their name comes from their ship, the Argo, which was named after its builder, Argus. In Greek mythology, the Argo (Ἀργώ was the ship on which Jason and the Argonauts sailed from Iolcus to retrieve the "Argonauts", therefore, literally means "Argo sailors". They were sometimes called Minyans, after a prehistoric tribe of the area. According to Greek mythology, the Minyans ( Greek: Μινύες were an Autochthonous group inhabiting the Aegean region Stone Age Paleolithic See also Paleolithic, Recent African Origin, Early Homo sapiens, Early human migrations "Paleolithic"

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Story

After the death of King Cretheus, the Aeolian Pelias usurped the Iolcan throne from his half-brother Aeson and became king of Iolcus in Thessaly (near the modern city of Volos). In Greek mythology, Cretheus, or Krētheus (Κρηθεύς was the king and founder of Iolcus, the son of Aeolus (son of Hellen Pelias was king of Iolcus in Greek mythology, the son of Tyro, daughter of Aleus, and of either Poseidon or Cretheus For the Athenian orator with a similar name see Aesion. In Greek mythology, Aeson or Aison ( Greek: Αἴσων Iolcos (also known as Iolkos or Iolcus, Greek: Ιωλκός was an ancient City in Thessaly, central-eastern Greece (near Thessalia redirects here For the Butterfly Genus, see Thessalia (butterfly. Volos (Βόλος is a coastal port city situated at the center of the Greek mainland about 326 km north from Athens and 215 km south from Thessaloniki Because of this unlawful act, an oracle had warned him that a descendant of Aeolus would seek revenge. For the Click beetle Genus, see Aeolus (beetle. Aeolus ( Greek:, Ailos Modern Greek Pelias put to death every prominent descendant of Aeolus he could reach, but spared Aeson at the dramatic pleas of his mother Tyro. Tyro A beginner or learner in anything one who has mastered the rudiments only of any branch or knowledge Pelias, however, kept Aeson prisoner and forced him to renounce his inheritance. Later, Aeson married Polymele, who bore him a son named Diomedes. Pelias intended to kill the baby at once, but Polymele summoned her kinswomen to weep over him, as if he were a still-born. She faked a burial and smuggled the baby to Mount Pelion, where he was raised by the centaur Chiron, who renamed the boy Jason. Pelion or Pelium (Πήλιο Pilio, Ancient/Katharevousa Πήλιον Lat) is a mountain at the southeastern part of Thessaly in central Greece In Greek mythology, the centaurs (from Ancient Greek: Κένταυροι - Kéntauroi are a race of creatures composed of part Human In Greek mythology, Chiron or Cheiron ("hand" was held as the superlative Centaur among his brethren Jason ( Greek: Ἰάσων, Etruscan: Easun, Laz: Yason) was a late ancient Greek mythological

When Jason was 20 years old, he went to consult an oracle who ordered him to dress himself as a Magnesian, wear a leopard skin and carry two spears. The Magnetes were an ancient Greek tribe living in Thessalian Magnesia who took part in the Trojan War. Then he should head to the Iolcan court. Jason did as he was told. Now a new oracle warned Pelias to be on his guard against a man with one shoe. One day, Pelias was presiding over a solemn sacrifice to Poseidon, which some neighboring kings attended. In Greek mythology, Poseidon ( Greek:; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of the Sea and as "Earth-Shaker" Among the crowd there stood a tall youth in leopard skin with only one sandal. Pelias came to recognize him as his nephew. Jason had lost his sandal while crossing the muddy Anavros river. Anaurus is also a genus of Jumping spiders The River Anavros (or Anauros or Anaurus) is a small stream near He helped an old woman who was begging to be transported. That woman was Hera under disguise, who wanted to punish Pelias for having neglected the customary sacrifices to her. In the Olympian pantheon of classical Greek Mythology, Hera (ˈhɪərə or /ˈhɛrə/ Greek) or Here ( in Ionic and Homer When Pelias met Jason, he could not kill him on the spot, for some prominent kings of the Aeolian family were there. Instead, he approached the youth and asked: "What would you do if an oracle announced that one of your fellow-citizens were destined to kill you?". Jason replied that he would send him to go and fetch the Golden Fleece, not knowing that Hera had put those words in his mouth. In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece (Χρυσόμαλλον Δέρας is the fleece of the winged ram Chrysomallos (Χρυσόμαλλος

Jason learned later that Pelias was being haunted by the ghost of Phrixus, who had fled from Orchomenus riding on a divine ram to avoid being sacrificed, and took refuge in Colchis where he was later denied proper burial. In Greek mythology Phrixus (also Phryxus) was the son of Athamus, king of Boiotia and Nephele (a goddess of Clouds In ancient Geography, Colchis or Kolchis ( Georgian and Laz: კოლხეთი k'olxeti; Greek:, Kolchís According to an oracle, Iolcus would never prosper unless his ghost was taken back in a ship, together with the golden ram's fleece. This fleece now hung from a tree in the grove of the Colchian Ares, guarded night and day by a dragon that never slept. Pelias swore before Zeus that he would give up the throne at Jason's return, while expecting that Jason's attempt to steal the Golden Fleece would be a fatal enterprise. Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology Hera, however, would act on Jason's favour during this perilous journey.

Jason was accompanied by some of the principal heroes of ancient Greece. The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca The number of Argonauts varies, but usually totals between 40 and 55; traditional versions of the story place their number at 50.

Some have hypothesised that the legend of the Golden Fleece was based on a practice of the Black Sea tribes of placing a lamb's fleece at the bottom of a stream to entrap gold dust being washed down from upstream. The Black Sea is an inland Sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolian peninsula ( Turkey Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 This practice was still in use in recent times, particularly in the Svaneti region of Georgia. Svaneti or Svanetia ( Suania in ancient sources (სვანეთი Svaneti) is a historic province in Georgia, in the northwestern part of Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between

The crew of the Argo

There is no definite list of Argonauts. Many Greeks would claim their ancestors were Argonauts, and there were too many named for them all to be accurate. The following list is no more than an educated guess.

The Argonauts (Jason and Medea are sometimes not counted) were:

  1. Acastus
  2. Admetus
  3. Aethalides
  4. Amphion
  5. Ancaeus
  6. Argus
  7. Ascalaphus
  8. Atalanta (others claim Jason forbade her because she was a woman)
  9. Autolycus
  10. Bellerophon
  11. Butes
  12. Calais
  13. Canthus
  14. Castor
  15. Cytissorus
  16. Echion
  17. Patroclus
  18. Erginus
  19. Euphemus
  20. Euryalus
  21. Heracles/Hercules
  22. Hylas
  23. Idas
  24. Idmon
  25. Iolaus
  26. Jason
  27. Laertes
  28. Lynceus
  29. Medea
  30. Melas
  31. Meleager
  32. Nestor
  33. Oedipus
  34. Oileus
  35. Orpheus
  36. Palaemon
  37. Peleus
  38. Philoctetes
  39. Phrontis
  40. Poeas
  41. Polydeuces (or Pollux)
  42. Polyphemos (Eilatos' son, who fought with the Lapiths against the Centaurs)
  43. Poriclymenus
  44. Perissotros Prothumos (An Argonaut in Quintus Smyrnaeus)
  45. Talaus
  46. Telamon
  47. Theseus
  48. Tiphys
  49. Zetes

Spoken-word myths — audio files

Argonaut myths as told by story tellers
1. Heracles in Mysia (Hylas episode), read by Timothy Carter, music by Steve Gorn, compiled by Andrew Calimach
Bibliography of reconstruction: Homer, Odyssey, 12. Jason ( Greek: Ἰάσων, Etruscan: Easun, Laz: Yason) was a late ancient Greek mythological Medea (Μήδεια Mēdeia) in Greek mythology was the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis, niece of Circe, granddaughter of Acastus (Ἄκαστος is a character in Greek mythology. He sailed with Jason and the Argonauts, and participated in the hunt for the Calydonian In Greek mythology, Admetus /æd 'mi təs/ was a king of Pherae in Thessaly, succeeding his father Pheres after whom the city was named Aethalides ( Greek: Αἰθαλίδης was a son of Hermes and Eupolemeia a daughter of Myrmidon. This article is about Amphion in Greek and mythology For naval vessels named Amphion see HMS Amphion, Swedish Amphion and USS Amphion, and for speakers The name Ancaeus or Ankaios (Ἀγκαῖος is attributed to two heroes in Greek mythology. In Greek mythology, two people share the name Ascalaphus (Ασκάλαφος Atalanta (Αταλάντη English translation: "balanced" is a character from ancient Greek mythology. In Greek mythology, Autolycus (in Greek, &ndash " Lone Wolf " was a son of Hermes and Chione. Bellerophon (βελλεροφῶν or Bellerophontes (βελλεροφόντης was a Hero of Greek mythology, "the greatest hero and In Greek mythology, the name Butes (Βούτης referred to four different people For the Genus of Noctuid Moths see Zethes (moth. The Boreads, in Greek mythology, were For the stars see Castor (star and Pollux (star, for the sculptural group in the Prado Museum, see Castor and Pollux (Prado, and for In Greek mythology, the name Echion, " of the viper" echis) referred to five different beings In Greek mythology, as recorded in the Iliad by Homer, Patroclus, or Patroklos (Gr In Greek mythology, Erginus was king of Minyan Orchomenus in Boeotia. There are two figures in Greek mythology known as Euphemus (Εὔφημος "reputable" Euryalus refers to two different characters from classical literature In the Aeneid by Virgil, Nisus and Euryalus are ideal friends (V Hercules is the Roman name for the Mythical Greek hero Heracles, son of Zeus and the mortal Alcmena. In Greek mythology, Hylas ( Greek: Ὕλας) was the son of King Theiodamas of the Dryopians Other sources such as Ovid In Greek mythology, Idas ( Greek: Ίδας was a son of Aphareus and Arene and brother of Lynceus. In Greek mythology, Idmon was an Argonaut seer His father is said to have been Apollo but his mortal father was Abas. For the Butterfly Genus, see Iolaus (butterfly. In Greek mythology, Iolaus (in Greek, Ἰόλαος Jason ( Greek: Ἰάσων, Etruscan: Easun, Laz: Yason) was a late ancient Greek mythological In Greek mythology, Laërtes (Λαέρτης was the son of Arcesius and Chalcomedusa. Lynceus (in Greek Lynkeus) was the jealous murderer of Castor, along with his brother Idas. Medea (Μήδεια Mēdeia) in Greek mythology was the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis, niece of Circe, granddaughter of This article is about the mythological figure for other uses see Meleager (disambiguation. In Greek mythology, Nestor of Gerênia ( Greek: Νέστωρ) was the son of Neleus and Chloris, and the King of Pylos. Oedipus (pronounced /ˈɛdəpəs/ in American English or /ˈiːdəpəs/ in British English; Greek: Oidípous meaning "swollen-footed" In Greek mythology, Oileus (or Oïleus (Ὀϊλεύς was the king of Locris. Orpheus ( Greek: Ὀρφεύς ˈɔrfiəs ( OHR-fee-uhs) or /ˈɔrfjuːs/ ( OHR'-fews) in English is a figure from Greek mythology born in In Greek mythology, Pēleús (Πηλεύς was a hero who was already known to Homer. In Greek mythology, Philoctetes (also Philoktêtês or Philocthetes, Φιλοκτήτης was the son of King Poeas of Meliboea Phrontis ( Greek Φροντις) was one of four (or five sons of Phrixus and Chalciope. In Greek mythology, Poeas, or Poias was one of the Argonauts and a friend of Heracles. For the stars see Castor (star and Pollux (star, for the sculptural group in the Prado Museum, see Castor and Pollux (Prado, and for In Greek mythology, the Lapiths were a legendary people whose home was in Thessaly, in the valley of the Peneus and on the mountain Pelion. In Greek mythology, the centaurs (from Ancient Greek: Κένταυροι - Kéntauroi are a race of creatures composed of part Human In Greek mythology, Poriclymenus (or Periclymenus) was a name attributed to two different individuals In Greek mythology, Talaus was King of Argos and was one of the Argonauts. In Greek mythology, Telamon (in Greek, Τελαμών) son of the king Aeacus, of Aegina, and Endeis and brother of For other uses see Theseus (disambiguation Theseus (Θησεύς was a Legendary king of Athens, son of Aethra, and fathered In Greek mythology, Tiphys (Τίφυς son of Hagnias (or of Phorbas and Hyrmina) was the helmsman of the Argonauts. For the Genus of Noctuid Moths see Zethes (moth. The Boreads, in Greek mythology, were Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the 072 (7th c. BC); Theocritus, Idylls, 13 (350 - 310 BC); Callimachus, Aetia (Causes), 24. Theocritus ( Greek: Θεόκριτος the creator of Ancient Greek Bucolic Poetry, flourished in the 3rd century BC Callimachus ( Greek:, 310 BC/305 BC-240 BC was a native of the Greek colony of Cyrene, Libya. Thiodamas the Dryopian, Fragments, 160. Hymn to Artemis (310 - 250? BC); Apollonios Rhodios, Argonautika, I. 1175 - 1280 (c. 250 BC); Apollodorus, Library and Epitome 1. 9. 19, 2. 7. 7 (140 BC); Sextus Propertius, Elegies, i. Sextus Aurelius Propertius was a Latin elegiac poet born around 50-45 BCE in Mevania (although other cities in the region of Umbria claim 20. 17ff (50 - 15 BC); Ovid, Ibis, 488 (AD 8 - 18); Gaius Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica, I. Publius Ovidius Naso ( March 20, 43 BC – 17 AD was a Roman poet known to the English -speaking world as Ovid who wrote on many topics including Gaius Valerius Flaccus (died ca AD 90 was a Roman Poet who flourished in the " Silver Age " under the emperors Vespasian and Titus 110, III. 535, 560, IV. 1-57 (1st c. AD); Hyginus, Fables, 14. Gaius Julius Hyginus (ca 64 BC &ndash AD 17 was a Latin author but whether a native of Spain or of Alexandria is not sure a pupil of the famous Argonauts Assembled (1st c. AD); Philostratus the Elder, Images, ii. Philostratus, was the name of four Greek Sophists of the Roman imperial period: (c 24 Thiodamas (AD 170 - 245); First Vatican Mythographer, 49. The Vatican Mythographer ( Mythographus Vaticanus) a major Hercules et Hylas
2. Orpheus and the Thracians, read by Timothy Carter, music by Steve Gorn, compiled by Andrew Calimach
Bibliography of reconstruction: Pindar, Pythian Odes, 4. Pindar (ˈpɪndɚ (or Pindarus, Greek:) (probably born 522 BC in Cynoscephalae a village in Boeotia; died 443 BC in Argos) was an Ancient 176 (462 BC); Roman marble bas-relief, copy of a Greek original from the late 5th c. (c. 420 BC); Aristophanes, The Frogs 1032 (c. Aristophanes (Ἀριστοφάνης ˌærɪˈstɒfəniːz in English ca 400 BC); Phanocles, Erotes e Kaloi, 15 (3rd c. Phanocles, Greek elegiac Poet, probably flourished about the time of Alexander the Great. BC); Apollonios Rhodios, Argonautika, i. 2 (c. 250 BC); Apollodorus, Library and Epitome 1. 3. 2 (140 BC); Diodorus Siculus, Histories I. 23, I. 96, III. 65, IV. 25 (1st c. BC); Conon, Narrations, 45 (50 - 1 BC); Virgil, Georgics, IV. Conon ( Greek: Κόνων) was an Athenian general at the end of the Peloponnesian War, in charge during the decisive loss of the navy at the Publius Vergilius Maro ( October 15, 70 BCE &ndash September 21, 19 BCE later called Virgilius, and known in English as Virgil or 456 (37 - 30 BC); Horace, Odes, I. Quintus Horatius Flaccus, ( Venosa, December 8, 65 BC - Rome, November 27, 8 BC known in the English-speaking world as Horace 12; Ars Poetica 391-407 (23 BC); Ovid, Metamorphoses X. Publius Ovidius Naso ( March 20, 43 BC – 17 AD was a Roman poet known to the English -speaking world as Ovid who wrote on many topics including 1-85, XI. 1-65 (AD 8); Seneca, Hercules Furens 569 (1st c. Lucius Annaeus Seneca (often known simply as Seneca, or Seneca the Younger; Σένεκας in Ancient Greek literature (c AD); Hyginus, Poetica Astronomica II. Gaius Julius Hyginus (ca 64 BC &ndash AD 17 was a Latin author but whether a native of Spain or of Alexandria is not sure a pupil of the famous 7 Lyre (2st c. AD); Pausanias, Description of Greece, 2. Pausanias ( Greek:) was a Greek traveller and Geographer of the 2nd century CE, who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus 30. 2, 9. 30. 4, 10. 7. 2 (143 - 176 AD); Anonymous, The Clementine Homilies, Homily V Chapter XV. -Unnatural Lusts (c. 400 AD); Anonymous, Orphic Argonautica (5th c. AD); Stobaeus, Anthologium (c. Joannes Stobaeus ( Greek: Στοβαῖος so called from his native place Stobi in North Macedonia (Roman province, was the compiler of a valuable series 450 AD); Second Vatican Mythographer, 44. The Vatican Mythographer ( Mythographus Vaticanus) a major Orpheus

The Argonauts in literature

The Argonauts on film

Two movies titled Jason and the Argonauts have been made.

Jason and the Argonauts (1963), directed by Don Chaffey, shows Jason hosting Olympics-like games and selecting his crew from among the winners. Jason and the Argonauts ( 1963) is a Columbia Pictures fantasy Feature film starring Todd Armstrong as the titular Jason is very satisfied with his crew.

A Hallmark presentation TV movie, Jason and the Argonauts (2000), on the other hand, shows Jason having to settle for men with no sailing experience. Jason and the Argonauts, aka Jason and the Golden Fleece is a 2-part TV movie, directed by Nick Willing and produced by Hallmark This includes a thief who says "Who better than a thief to grab the Golden Fleece?"

A movie titled "Vesyolaya hronika opasnogo puteshestviya" (Amusing Chronicle of a Dangerous Voyage) was made in the Soviet Union in 1986 starring a famous Russian actor Alexander Abdulov. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) (imdb)

The Argonauts on radio

The Australian Broadcasting Corporation featured Jason and the Argonauts in its children's radio broadcasting in Australia. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly abbreviated to the 'ABC' is Australia's national public broadcaster. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. "The Argonauts' Club" ran from 1933 until its closure on 2 April 1972. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Children listened to the afternoon radio program and interacted with the presenters, whose leader was "Jason", by sending in stories, poems, and art works, some of which were described on air. Their interaction helped them gain status within the organisation, such as the Order of the Dragon's Tooth and the Order of the Golden Fleece; but children were always only known by their Ship and number (Oar) in its crew. The Order of the Golden Fleece (Orden del Toisón de Oro is an Order of chivalry founded in 1430 by Duke Philip III of Burgundy to celebrate his marriage The format was devised initially by author Nina Murdoch. The longest serving presenter, and "Jason" throughout the show's run, was Athol Fleming who died in May of 1972.

Also, The Argonauts are referenced in the They Might Be Giants song Birdhouse in Your Soul. They Might Be Giants (commonly abbreviated to TMBG) is an American Alternative rock band which began as a duo of John Flansburgh and John For the EP by this name see Birdhouse in Your Soul (EP. " Birdhouse in Your Soul " is a song by American Alternative Kate Bush also refers to argonauts on various songs. Kate Bush (born Catherine Bush on 30 July 1958 is an English singer songwriter musician and Record producer. Metal band, 3 Inches of Blood reference the Argonauts in their song "The Hydra's Teeth". Warwick Lobban also referenced the Argonauts in his song 'The Prospective Argonaut'.

See also

External links

Sources

Kenneth Stanley Inglis (born 1929 is an Australian historian Inglis completed his Master's degree at the University of Melbourne and his doctorate

Dictionary

argonauts

-noun

  1. Plural form of argonaut.
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