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Argentine Antarctica
Coat of Arms of BAT
Flag Coat of Arms
Motto: En Unión y Libertad
Anthem: Argentine National Anthem
Antarctic portion between meridians 25º West and 74º West
Status Department of the Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur Province
Official language(s) Spanish
Capital None
Area 965. The Coat of Arms of Argentina was established in its current form in 1944, but has its origins in the seal of the Sovereign General Assembly of 1813 though there This page lists state and national Mottos for the world's independent States The mottos for some states lacking general international recognition and A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's The lyrics of the Himno Nacional Argentino (the National anthem of Argentina) were written by Vicente López y Planes, and the music was composed by Tierra del Fuego (officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is an Argentine Province entirely separated from An official language is a Language that is given a special legal status in a particular Country, State, or other territory Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 597 km²
Population 165 (winter)-300 (summer)
Currency Argentine Peso

Argentine Antarctica (Spanish: Antártida Argentina) is a sector of Antarctica claimed by Argentina as part of its national territory. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is The peso (originally established as the nuevo peso argentino or peso convertible) is the currency of Argentina. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. "National Territory" is the TRANSLATION of the "Territorio nacional" a term used for territories in Argentina The Argentine Antarctic region, consisting of the Antarctic Peninsula and a triangular section extending to the South Pole, is delimited by the meridians 25° West and 74° West and the parallel 60° South latitude. The Antarctic Peninsula is the northernmost part of the mainland of Antarctica, and almost the only part of that continent that extends outside the Antarctic Circle The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth. Administratively, Argentine Antarctica is a department of the province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands. Departments (departamentos form the second level of administrative division in the Provinces of Argentina. Regions See also Geography of Argentina The country is also divided into six or seven regions (seven when The Pampas is divided into the Pampas' plains Tierra del Fuego (officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is an Argentine Province entirely separated from The provincial authorities reside in Ushuaia and the Governor annually designates his or her delegate for the Antarctica region, which thus represents the civil power of the zone. Ushuaia (u'swaia is the capital of the Argentine province of Tierra del Fuego and is sometimes considered to be the southernmost city in the world There are overlapping claims on this territory by Chile and the UK, so the "civil power" of any of the administrators extends no further than that nation's own bases. Permanent Chilean stations and settlements The largest population center is located on King George Island and consists of Frei Montalva Station, which has an The British Antarctic Territory is a sector of Antarctica claimed by the United Kingdom.

The Argentine exploration to the continent started early in the 20th century. José María Sobral was the first Argentine to set foot on Antarctica in 1901, where he spent 2 seasons with the Swedish Antarctic Expedition of Doctor Otto Nordenskiöld. Alférez de Navío José María Sobral (Navy Sub-Lieutenant - born in on April 14, 1880 in Gualeguaychú, Entre Ríos, died on The Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1901-1904 was led by Otto Nordenskjöld and Carl Anton Larsen (the captain of the ship Antarctic) Dr Nils Otto Gustaf Nordenskiöld (also spelled Nordenskjöld) (December 6 1869-1928 was a Swedish geologist geographer and polar explorer Shortly afterwards, in 1904, the Orcadas permanent base was already fully operational. Orcadas Base is an Argentine base in Antarctica, and the first permanent base in the area defined by the Antarctic Treaty System. Years later other bases would be created, some permanent and others seasonal. The first Argentine expedition to reach the South Pole was the 1965 Operación 90. The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth. Operación 90 ( Operation NINETY) was the first Argentine ground expedition to the South Pole, conducted in 1965, by 10 soldiers of the Argentine Army

Contents

Argentine bases

Esperanza and Marambio are the biggest Argentine bases, holding together 70 buildings, an average of 110 persons during the winter, and over a maximum of 250 during the summer. The Argentine Base Esperanza ( Spanish "Hope Base" is located at, Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula, Antarctic Peninsula Base Antártica Marambio is the main Argentine base in Antarctica, and it is located in Seymour-Marambio Island, at, some 100 km (88 mi from Orcadas Base, located at the South Orkney Islands off of the Antarctic mainland (see map, right), is the world's first base in the Antarctic region, operating continuously since 1903. Orcadas Base is an Argentine base in Antarctica, and the first permanent base in the area defined by the Antarctic Treaty System. The South Orkney Islands are a group of islands in the Southern Ocean. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting The southernmost Argentine permanent base is Belgrano II, at over 77 degrees south. General Belgrano II is an Argentine research station in Antarctica located at. The southernmost summer base is Sobral, at 1,450 kilometres far from Belgrano II.

The bases are supplied by the following ships: Puerto Deseado, Suboficial Castillo, and Almirante Irizar, and by C-130 Hercules and DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft. Background The ship was named after Vice Admiral Julián Irízar, who in 1903 (then with the rank of Lieutenant commanded the Argentine corvette ARA WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Permanent

Argentine bases on the Antarctica (permanent bases in red)
Argentine bases on the Antarctica (permanent bases in red)

Seasonal

Camps and other

(64 in all)

Argentine claim

Caterpillar tractor from the first Argentine expedition that reached the South Pole (1965)
Caterpillar tractor from the first Argentine expedition that reached the South Pole (1965)
Argentina with all the territory claims
Argentina with all the territory claims

According to historical claims, the Argentine presence in the section began during the first decade of the 19th century; though some even affirm that it took place by the end of the previous century. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Weddell Sea is part of the Southern Ocean. Its land boundaries are defined by the bay formed from the coasts of Coats Land and the Antarctic Peninsula Nelson Island or Leipzig Island or Nelson's Isles or O'Cain's Island or Strachans Island is an Island 12 Miles (19 km The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system However, navigators from other countries claimed the discovery of Antarctica for themselves. By the end of the 19th century the aid lent by Argentina to foreign expeditions, in particular that of Nordenskiöld, Gerlache and Charcot, was properly appreciated. The Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1901-1904 was led by Otto Nordenskjöld and Carl Anton Larsen (the captain of the ship Antarctic) This included the assignment of Argentine place names to Antarctic geographic features, such as the Argentine Islands, Uruguay Islands, General Roca, Quintana, and others.

In 1904 the permanent occupation began with the opening of Orcadas Base on Laurie Island just off the Antarctic mainland. Orcadas Base is an Argentine base in Antarctica, and the first permanent base in the area defined by the Antarctic Treaty System. Laurie Island is an island in the Antarctic Circle, the second largest of the South Orkney Islands. Argentina was the only nation to have an Antarctic base for 40 years until the British built a base on the same islands. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

Argentina bases its claims on this sector of Antarctica on the following grounds:

  1. The Antarctic peninsula is geologically and geographically part of the Andes. The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America.
  2. Argentina has maintained a permanent occupation for more than a century, and controls the oldest base in Antarctica (Orcadas Station on Laurie Island).
  3. Argentina conducts many rescue missions in Antarctica.
  4. Argentina has constructed lighthouses and other navigational aids in Antarctica.
  5. Argentina constructed Antarctica's first airport in 1969
  6. Argentines form more of Antarctica's peninsula's population than nationals of any other country. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
  7. The first Antarctican was born in Esperanza Base (Hope Base), namely Emilio Palma. The Argentine Base Esperanza ( Spanish "Hope Base" is located at, Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula, Antarctic Peninsula Emilio Marcos Palma (born January 7, 1978) was the first known person to be born on the continent of Antarctica; farther south than any other human
  8. Argentina has sent more people to Antarctica than all the other countries together.

Argentina's claim to the Antarctic Peninsula overlaps with the Antarctic claims of Chile, 53°W to 90°W, and the UK claims, 20°W to 80°W, and is not recognized by most other countries. The Antarctic Peninsula is the northernmost part of the mainland of Antarctica, and almost the only part of that continent that extends outside the Antarctic Circle Antártica Chilena Province is one of four provinces in its southernmost region, Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region. The British Antarctic Territory is a sector of Antarctica claimed by the United Kingdom.

Currently, there are no attempts by Argentina or any other country to actually enforce territorial claims in Antarctica.

Demographics

In 1978, the first Antarctic baby was born in the Fortín Sargento Cabral at the Esperanza Base under the name Emilio Palma. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) The Argentine Base Esperanza ( Spanish "Hope Base" is located at, Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula, Antarctic Peninsula Emilio Marcos Palma (born January 7, 1978) was the first known person to be born on the continent of Antarctica; farther south than any other human In 1991 there were 142 "permanent residents" including 19 minors. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. "Residents" are families that live in Antarctica or scientists that have lived for more than two years. They were 121 men and 21 women that lived mostly in the colony of Esperanza and other bases. As of 1998-1999, Argentine Antarctica had a winter population of 165.

See also: Demographics of Antarctica

See also

Regions of
Argentine Northwest
Gran Chaco
Mesopotamia
Cuyo
Pampas
Patagonia
Antártida Argentina
(Antartctic territorial
claim suspended by
the Antarctic Treaty)
v • d • e

External links

Antarctica has no indigenous inhabitants but there are permanently- and seasonally-staffed research stations and former Whaling settlements The Provinces of Argentina are often grouped into six geographical regions For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The Argentine Northeast ( Noroeste Argentino) is a region of Argentina composed by the provinces of Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, The Gran Chaco ( Quechua chaqu, "hunting land" dubbed by some as "the last South American frontier" is a sparsely populated hot and La Mesopotamia, Región Mesopotámica or Litoral (" Littoral " is the humid and verdant area of north-east Argentina, comprising Cuyo is the name given to the wine-producing mountainous area of central-west Argentina. Laguna de Gomezjpg|thumb|left|240px|Lake Gomez near Junín in the heart of the Pampas grain belt Llao LLaojpg|thumb|250px| Lake Nahuel Huapi, near Bariloche, Argentina The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate International relations with respect to According to historical claims the Argentine presence in Antarctica began during the first decade of the 19th century though some even claim that it took place by the Tierra del Fuego (officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is an Argentine Province entirely separated from Permanent Chilean stations and settlements The largest population center is located on King George Island and consists of Frei Montalva Station, which has an Geography This region contains mountainous peaks and Glaciers in the far north including elements of the Patagonian Ice Sheet. The British Antarctic Territory is a sector of Antarctica claimed by the United Kingdom. The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate International relations with respect to
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