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This article is about a community living in Italy. For the community living in Greece, see Arvanites.
Arbëreshë
Arbëreshë flag
Total population

est. 80,000
Regions with significant populations
Italy (especially Calabria )
Languages
Arbëresh, Italian, Calabrian, Sicilian
Religions
Byzantine Catholic, Roman Catholic minority
Related ethnic groups
Arvanites

Arbëreshë are an ethnic community living in Italy, especially the regions of Calabria and Sicily. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of Arbëresh, Arbërisht or Arbërishte is the dialect of the Albanian language spoken by the Arbëreshë; the Albanian-speaking minorities in Italy Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Sicilian (scn '''''lu sicilianu''''' lingua siciliana, also known as Siculu or Calabro-Sicilian) is a Romance language. The Greek Byzantine Catholic Church is a Sui iuris Particular Church within the Catholic Church and uses the Byzantine liturgical rite Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. The Arbëreshë have their own distinct culture, villages and even language, they have been able to have keep their own identity over the centuries. The Arbëreshë are descendants of the original Albanian and Arvanite Christians from Labëria; today they are mostly Byzantine Catholics in full communion with the Pope, with a Roman Catholic minority. } Albanians (Shqiptarët are an Ethnic group and a Nation, in the sense of sharing a common Albanian culture speaking the Albanian language A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Labëria is a region in southern Albania roughly reaching from Vlorë south to the Greek border near Sarandë, incorporating Gjirokastra and The Greek Byzantine Catholic Church is a Sui iuris Particular Church within the Catholic Church and uses the Byzantine liturgical rite History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and [1]

During the 15th and 16th centuries, Albania was being rapidy changed by Ottoman invaders who were forcing the Christian natives to convert to Islam or pay tollage. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. The people struggled against this with Skanderbeg as their hero and the support of the fellow Christian Europeans, but eventually lost their homeland Albania. Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg ( 6 May 1405 &ndash 17 January 1468) ( Albanian: Gjergj Kastriot Skënderbeu, widely known as Some managed to escape and were offered refuge from the repression by the Kingdom of Naples and Kingdom of Sicily (both under Aragonese rule), where the Arbëreshë were given their own villages and protected. The Kingdom of Naples was an informal name of the Polity officially known as the Kingdom of Sicily which existed on the mainland of the southern Italian The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae or Sicilie Regno di Sicilia, commonly abbreviated Regno) was a state that existed in the south of Italy The Crown of Aragon was a permanent union of multiple titles and states in the hands of the King of Aragon.

Perhaps unsurprisingly, their language has been influenced more by Italian and Greek than have other Albanian dialects. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly The emigrations from Albania to Italy and Sicily have continued since the 15th century. Because of the language similarities, the Italian Government has housed significant numbers of Albanians from Kosovo in the Arbëresh settlements, most notably in Piana degli Albanesi in Sicily. Piana degli Albanesi is an Italian Comune in the Province of Palermo, Sicily. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy.

Contents

History

Prior to the Ottoman invasion of Albania, the Albanians were all called Arbëreshë. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish This article is about the country in southern Europe For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Albania topics. } Albanians (Shqiptarët are an Ethnic group and a Nation, in the sense of sharing a common Albanian culture speaking the Albanian language After some 300,000 people left and settled in Italy, these Italian-born Albanians continued to use the term Arbëresh whilst those in Albania called themselves Shqiptarë (compare the Albanian word Shqip, present in the local name for the country and the language). Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest

The Arbëreshë originally lived in 'Morea' in the Epirus and in the Pindus mountains. Epirus (from Ionic Greek Ήπειρος - Ēpeiros, Doric Greek: Ἅπειρος - Apeiros, in Albanian This article is about the mountain range called Pindus for other uses of these names see Pindus (disambiguation The Pindus (Πίνδος They are descended from the proto-Albanian population dispersed throughout the western Balkans (see Arvanites). Between the 11th and 14th Centuries, the Arbëresh tribes moved in small groups towards the South of Greece (Thessaly, Corinth, Peloponnesus, Attica) where they founded colonies. Thessalia redirects here For the Butterfly Genus, see Thessalia (butterfly. Corinth, or Korinth ( Greek Κόρινθος ( is a city in Greece. The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula Attica (Αττική Attikí;) is a periphery (subdivision in Greece, containing Athens, the capital of Greece Their military skill made them favourite mercenaries of the Serbs, Franks, Catalans, Italians and Byzantines. Serbs ( Serbian: Срби Srbi) are a South Slavic people living in the Balkans and Central Europe, mainly in Serbia, The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group The Catalans are the people from Catalonia, an Autonomous community of Spain, including people originating in that region but living elsewhere The' Italian people' are a Southern European Ethnic group located primarily in Italy, Switzerland, France and by virtue of a wide-ranging

The invasion of Greece by the Ottoman Turks in the 15th Century forced many Arbëreshë to emigrate to the south of Italy. Indeed, in 1448, King Alfonso V of Aragon, known as Magnanime (1396-1458), King of Naples, wanting to repress a rebellion of Italian lords, called on his ally, Gjergj Kastrioti i Krujës, known as "Skanderbeg", head of the Albanian Alliance. Alfonso the Magnanimous (also Alphonso; Catalan: Alfons) (1396 &ndash 27 June 1458) was the King of Aragon (as Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg ( 6 May 1405 &ndash 17 January 1468) ( Albanian: Gjergj Kastriot Skënderbeu, widely known as Several clans of Arbëreshë and Albanians were deployed to subdue the rebellion. Alfonso of Aragon rewarded them by giving them land in the province of Catanzaro. Catanzaro (Katantheros Katastarioi Lokroi is a city in Calabria, Italy, the capital of both the Province of Catanzaro and the whole region of Calabria (see Stradioti)

In 1450, another force of Arbëresh intervened in Sicily and was established close to Palermo. The stratioti or stradioti ( Greek: στρατιώτες, Italian: stradioti or stradiotti) were mercenaries of mostly Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. Palermo ( Sicilian: Palermu, Greek: Panormus, al-Madinah during Muslim rule is a historic City in Thus, the Arbëreshë contributed to the creation of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( Regno delle Due Sicilie) commonly known as just the Two Sicilies, was the name of a Kingdom in Europe.

At the time of the War of succession of Naples, Ferdinand of Aragon again called on Arbëresh forces against the Franco-Italian armies, and Skanderbeg disembarked in 1461 in Brindisi. Brindisi can also refer to a song in which a company is exhorted to drink such as the "Tea-Cup Brindisi" in Gilbert and Sullivan 's " The After having achieved success, the Arbëresh accepted land in Puglia, while Skanderbeg returned to organize Albanian resistance to the Turks, who had invaded Albania between 1468 and 1492. Apulia ( Italian: Puglia) is a region in southeastern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east the Ionian Sea Part of the Arbëresh population emigrated to southern Italy, where the Kingdom of Naples granted other villages to them (Puglia, Molise, Calabria and Sicily). Molise is a region of Southern Italy, the second smallest of the regions Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of

A further wave of emigration, between 1500 and 1534, relates to Arbëreshë from central Greece. Employed as mercenaries by Venice, they had to evacuate the colonies of the Peloponnese with the assistance of the troops of Charles V, as the Turks had invaded that region. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Charles V (24 February 1500 &ndash 21 September 1558 was Charles V established these troops in Italy of the South to reinforce defense again the threat of Turkish invasion. Established in insular villages (which enabled them to maintain their culture until the 20th Century), Arbëreshë were, traditionally, soldiers for the Kingdom of Naples and the Republic of Venice, from the Wars of Religion to the Napoleonic invasion.

Marriage Costumes of Piana degli Albanesi, Sicily.
Marriage Costumes of Piana degli Albanesi, Sicily. Piana degli Albanesi is an Italian Comune in the Province of Palermo, Sicily.

The final wave of Arbëreshë was in the 18th century with a group of Himariots (from the village of Himarë near Sarandë in southern Albania. Himara (also Himara or Himarë Χειμάρρα "Himarra" is a town and a region in southern Albania, part of the District of Vlorë Sarandë or Saranda ( Albanian saɾanɖa Άγιοι Σαράντα Agioi Saranda) is the capital of the District of Sarandë These Himariots were fleeing a massacre instigated by Ali Pasha Tepelena, who has slaughtered 6000 Christian Albanians for refusing to convert to Islam. These refugees settled in Hora e Arbëreshëvet (Piana degli Albanesi) and subsequently founded the village of Sëndahstina (Santa Cristina Gelá).

The wave of migration from southern Italy to the Americas in 1900-10 depopulated approximately half of the Arbëreshë villages, and subjected the population to the risk of cultural disappearance, despite the beginning of a cultural and artistic revival in the 19th Century. The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America

Since the end of communism in Albania there has been a wave of immigration into Arbëreshë villages by Kosovars and Shqiptar Albanians. Kosovo has an estimated population of 21 million (as of 2007 The dominant ethnic group is Albanian (92% with significant minorities of Serbs and others Shqip(ëtar ( Plural: Shqip(ëtarët, Feminine: Shqip(ëtare) is an Albanian language Ethnonym (autonym by which Many differences are apparent between the new immigrants and the old diaspora in these villages, but there is still a sense of familiarity between them, who refer to each other as Jemi të gjithë Kushërinj edhe Gjaku jin i shprishur, ma na jemi arbëreshët e ata janë shkjiptarët. (we are all cousins and our blood is scattered, but we are the arbëreshë and they are the shqiptarë)

The main streets of many Arbëresh villages are named Via Giorgio Castriota after Skanderbeg. Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg ( 6 May 1405 &ndash 17 January 1468) ( Albanian: Gjergj Kastriot Skënderbeu, widely known as

Villages

Part of a series of articles on
Albanians

Albanian culture
Literature · Modern art
Music · Sport · Cuisine

By region or country
Albania · Kosovo
Macedonia · Greece
Montenegro · Serbia
Romania · United States
Çamëria · Italy
Bulgaria

Varieties of Albanian
Albanian · Gheg · Tosk
Arvanitika · Arbëresh (Italy)

Religion
Islam
Albanian Orthodox Church
Greek Catholicism
Roman Catholicism
Protestanism

History of Albanians
Origins · History · Illyrians

Persecution of Albanians
Exodus · Kosovo War
v • d • e

The Arbëresh villages have two or three names, an Italian one as well as one or two native Arbëresh names by which villagers know the place. } Albanians (Shqiptarët are an Ethnic group and a Nation, in the sense of sharing a common Albanian culture speaking the Albanian language Education See also Education in Albania The education system in Albania is secular Albania, part of the ancient Illyrian territories a cross-road of civilizations and geopolitical interests during the barbarian onslaughts and later on a province of the Eastern Albania, a country of southeastern Europe has a unique culture from that of other European countries Albania is a Southeast European nation that was ruled by Enver Hoxha 's communist government for much of the later part of the 20th century it is now a democratic The cuisine of Albania, as with most Mediterranean and Balkan nations is strongly influenced by its long history This article is about the country in southern Europe For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Albania topics. The Albanians are the largest ethnic group in Kosovo. According to the 1991 Serbian census boycotted by Albanians there were 2596072 Albanians in Kosovo Albanians ( Albanian: Shqiptarë, Macedonian: Албанци Albanci) are the largest ethnic minority in the Republic Albanians in Montenegro constitute 503% of the county's total population. Albanians are the majority in Serbian muncipalities of Preševo and Bujanovac and a significant minority in Medvedja. The Albanians ( Shqiptarë in Albanian, Albanezi in Romanian) are an ethnic minority in Romania. Albanian Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Albanian ancestry Cham Albanians, or Chams ( Albanian: Çamë Greek: Τσάμηδες Tsámidhes) are a group of ethnic Albanians who originally resided Mandritsa (Мандрица "small dairy" Mandrica or Mandricë Μανδρίτσα is a village in southernmost Bulgaria, part of Ivaylovgrad Albanian (sq ''Gjuha shqipe'' ˈɟuha ˈʃcipɛ is an Indo-European language spoken by nearly 6 million peoplewhile others claim that it derives from Daco - Gheg (or Geg) is one of the two major dialects of the Albanian language. Tosk is the southern dialect of the Albanian language. The line of demarcation between Tosk and Gheg (the northern dialect is the Shkumbin River. Arvanitika or Arvanitic ( Albanian: Arbërisht, Greek: αρβανίτικα arvanitika) is the variety of Albanian Arbëresh, Arbërisht or Arbërishte is the dialect of the Albanian language spoken by the Arbëreshë; the Albanian-speaking minorities in Italy During the Ottoman occupation according to Ottoman data the majority of Albanians were of Muslim affiliation ( Sunni and Bektashi) The Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania ( Albanian: Kisha Orthodhokse Autoqefale e Shqipërisë) is one of the newest autocephalous Eastern The Albanian Byzantine Catholic Church is an autonomous Byzantine Rite Particular Church in communion with Rome, whose members live in Albania The information in this article is from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica and applies to Albania as it stood at the time of writing Albania has a total Population of 3563112 inhabitants from which 8191 are Protestants. The origin of the Albanians has been for some time a matter of dispute among historians The History of Albania began over two millennia ago with tribes of uncertain origin populating the area Illyrians has come to refer to a broad ill-defined " Indo-European " group of peoples who inhabited the western Balkans ( Illyria, roughly Albanian exodus is term used to refer to the deportation or mass migration of Albanians from their homes The term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts in Kosovo: 1996–1999 Arbëresh, Arbërisht or Arbërishte is the dialect of the Albanian language spoken by the Arbëreshë; the Albanian-speaking minorities in Italy The Arbëresh villages are divided into small "islands" in the areas of the south of Italy:

"Albanese" or "Albanesi" which occurs in several of the Italian names above is the Italian language word for "Albanian" or "Albanians", respectively. The Province of Pescara ( Provincia di Pescara) is a province in the Abruzzo region of Italy. A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a Comune; for other Administrative Rosciano is a Comune and Town in the Province of Pescara in the Abruzzo region of Italy Basilicata is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west Apulia ( Puglia) to the east Calabria to The Province of Potenza (Provincia di Potenza is a province in the Basilicata region of Italy. Barile is a town and Comune in the Province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. Ginestra is a town and Comune in the Province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. Maschito is a town and Comune of the Province of Potenza, in the Basilicata region of southern Italy. San Costantino Albanese is a town and Comune in the Province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. San Paolo Albanese is a village and Comune in the Province of Potenza, in the Basilicata region of southern Italy. Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of The Province of Catanzaro (Provincia di Catanzaro is a province of the Calabria region in Italy. Andali (Andaloi is a Comune and Town is the Province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of Italy. Caraffa di Catanzaro is a town and Comune in the Province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Marcedusa is a Comune and Town in the province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of Italy. Maida ( San Pietro di Maida, Maede Medeia is a town and Comune in the Province of Catanzaro, in the Calabria region of southern Lamezia Terme is a city and a commune in the Province of Catanzaro ( Calabria) in Italy. The Province of Cosenza (Provincia di Cosenza is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. Acquaformosa ( Arbërisht: Firmosa) is a town and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region Cariati (Kariates is a town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Castroregio is town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Cerzeto is a town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Cervicati is town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. for the Italian commune see Civita Italy. Civita is a Norwegian liberal Think tank which gains support from among Falconara Albanese ( Arbërisht: Falkunara is a town in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Firmo is a town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Frascinetto ( Arbërisht: Frasnita is a town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Lungro ( Arbërisht: Ungra) is a town and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Mongrassano is a town and Comune of the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Plataci (Platakion is a town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. San Basile is a town and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. San Benedetto Ullano is town and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. San Cosmo Albanese is a village and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. San Demetrio Corone is a town and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. San Giorgio Albanese is a town and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. San Martino di Finita is town and Comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Santa Caterina Albanese is a village and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Santa Sofia d'Epiro (Aghia Sophia Epirou is a town and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy Spezzano Albanese is an Italian Comune in the Province of Cosenza, Calabria. Vaccarizzo Albanese is a village and Comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy. The Province of Crotone (Provincia di Crotone is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. San Nicola dell'Alto is a village and Comune in the Province of Crotone, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Pallagorio is a Comune and Town with a population of 1627 people in the Province of Crotone, in Calabria, Italy. Carfizzi is a Comune in the Province of Crotone, in Calabria, Italy. Campania is a region of Southern Italy in Europe. The region has a population of around 5 The Province of Avellino (Provincia di Avellino is a province in the Campania region of Italy. Greci is a town (commune in the Province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. Molise is a region of Southern Italy, the second smallest of the regions The Province of Campobasso (Italian Provincia di Campobasso; Molise Croatian dialect: Pruìnč de Cambuàš) is a province in the Molise Campomarino is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 50 km northeast of Montecilfone is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 40 km northeast Portocannone is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 50 km northeast Ururi is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 40 km northeast of Apulia ( Italian: Puglia) is a region in southeastern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east the Ionian Sea The Province of Foggia (Provincia di Foggia is a province in the Apulia (Puglia region of Italy. Casalvecchio ( Albanian: Kazallveqi) is a small Italian Comune in the southeastern region of Italy. Chieuti is a town and Comune in the Province of Foggia in the Apulia region of southeast Italy. The Province of Taranto (Provincia di Taranto is a province in the Apulia region of Italy. San Marzano di San Giuseppe is a town and Comune in the Province of Taranto, part of the Apulia region of southeast Italy. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. The Province of Palermo ( Provincia di Palermo; Sicilian: Pruvincia di Palermu) is a province in the Autonomous region Contessa Entellina ( Sicilian: Cuntissa, Arbëreshë: Hora e Kundisës) is an Albanian speaking town in the Province of Palermo Piana degli Albanesi is an Italian Comune in the Province of Palermo, Sicily. Mezzojuso is an Arbёresh Comune (municipality in the Province of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about Palazzo Adriano (U Palazzu o Palazzu Drianu in Sicilian Pallaci in Albanian is a town in the Province of Palermo, Sicilia, Italy founded by Santa Cristina Gela or Sëndahstinë in its local language is an Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB village in the Province of Palermo in Sicily. ("Albanese" is also a common surname among the Arbëresh and their overseas descendants. )

Culture

Language

The language of the Arbëreshë is called Arbëresh. Arbëresh, Arbërisht or Arbërishte is the dialect of the Albanian language spoken by the Arbëreshë; the Albanian-speaking minorities in Italy There is no official political, administrative or cultural structure which represents the Arbëresh community. Arbërësh is not one of the group of minority languages that enjoy the special protection of the State under Article 6 of the Italian Constitution. At the regional level, however, Albanian is accorded some degree of official recognition in the autonomy statutes of Calabria, Basilicata, and Molise. In the case of Calabria, the region is to provide for recognition of the historical culture and artistic heritage of the populations of Albanian origin and to promote the teaching of the two languages in the places where they are spoken. Article 5 of the autonomy statute of Basilicata lays down that the regional authorities "shall promote renewed appreciation of the originality of the linguistic and cultural heritage of the local communities". Finally, the autonomy statute of the Molise region stipulates that the region "shall be the guardian of the linguistic and historical heritage and of the popular traditions of the ethnic communities existing in its territory and, by agreement with the interested municipalities, shall promote renewed appreciation of them". In certain communes the local authorities support cultural and linguistic activities promoted by the ethnic Albanian communities and have agreed to the erection of bilingual road signs [1]. There are associations that try to protect the culture, particularly in the Province of Cosenza. The Arbëresh language is used in some private radios and publications. The fundamental laws of the areas of Molise, Basilicata and Calabria make reference to the Arbëresh language and culture, but the Arbëresh people still feel that their culture is threatened. Nevertheless, the increase in training in the use of the written language has given some hope for the continuity of this culture. It is important to note that the Arbëresh dialect is not a regional "dialect" of Italian, it is a "dialect" of Albanian (shqip) with Italian and Greek influences. Albanian (sq ''Gjuha shqipe'' ˈɟuha ˈʃcipɛ is an Indo-European language spoken by nearly 6 million peoplewhile others claim that it derives from Daco - Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly

The Arbëresh language is of particular interest to students of the modern Albanian language as it represents the sounds, grammar, and vocabulary of pre-Ottoman Albania. In fact, Arbërisht was the name of the Albanian language used in Albania prior to the Turkish invasion in the 16th century; as was the region itself called Arbëria.

A Shqiptar (Albanian) listening to or reading Arbërisht is similar to a modern English speaker listening to or reading Shakespearean English. Shqip(ëtar ( Plural: Shqip(ëtarët, Feminine: Shqip(ëtare) is an Albanian language Ethnonym (autonym by which William Shakespeare ( baptised English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States

The Italian linguist Mario Pei reported in The Story of Language that while a young man in Italy he had once boasted to a stranger that he knew and understood every Italian dialect. Mario Andrew Pei (1901&ndash1978 was an Italian-American linguist and polyglot, who wrote a number of popular books known for their accessibility to readers The stranger challenged Pei to understand the dialect of his own Italian village; Pei accepted, and understood absolutely nothing of what was said. The speaker proved to be an Arbëresh speaker, and enlightened Pei on the existence of Arbëresh.

Cuisine

Strangujët
Strangujët

A form of Gnocchi called Strangujtë made with flour by hand, flavoured with tomato sauce (lënk) and Basil. For the Italian Baroque composer please see Pietro Gnocchi. Gnocchi (ˈɲɔːki in Italian singular gnocco) is the Italian name for Traditionally this dish was consumed by families seated around a floor level table of wood (zbrilla) on the 14th September, the 'Festa e Kryqit Shejt' (exaltation of the Cross).

Grurët
Grurët

Boiled wheat dish flavored with olive oil, known as cuccìa in the Sicilian language. Cuccìa is a traditional Sicilian dish containing boiled Wheat berries which is eaten on Saint Lucy 's feast day ( December 13) The tradition is to eat it on Festa e Shën Luçiës. Saint Lucy's Day ( Sankta Lucia, Saint Lucia is the Church Feast day dedicated to St Variations are the use of sweetened milk or ricotta with flakes of chocolate, orange peel and almonds. Ricotta (pronounced in Italian) is an Italian Sheep milk Whey cheese.

Kanojët
Kanojët

Cannoli, the universally famous Pianotto sweet dish. Cannoli, Cannola (plural in Sicilian are Sicilian Pastry Desserts The singular is cannolo meaning “little tube” with the Its culinary secret is waffle (shkorça) of flour, wine, lard and salt and filled with sweetened ricotta, and lastly sprinkled with sieved chocolate.

Arbëresh bread (bukë) is prepared with local hard grain flour and manufactured to a round and mostly leavened shape with natural methods. It is cooked in antique firewood furnaces (Tandoor). thumb|Looking into the mouth of a tandoor A tandoor is a cylindrical clay Oven used in cooking and baking It is eaten warm flavored with olive oil (vaj i ullirit) and dusted with cheese or with fresh ricotta.

Panarët
Panarët

Arbëresh Easter bread shaped either into a circle or into two large braids and sprinkled with sesame seeds. It is adorned with red Easter eggs. The Easter eggs are dyed deep red to represent the blood of Christ, the eggs also represent new life and springtime. It is traditionally eaten during the Resurrection Meal. After 40 days of fasting - as per the Byzantine Catholic tradition- the Easter feast has to begin slowly, with a light meal after the midnight liturgy on Saturday night. The Greek Byzantine Catholic Church is a Sui iuris Particular Church within the Catholic Church and uses the Byzantine liturgical rite The fast is generally broken with Panarët.

Sweetened spherical or crushed shaped fried leavened dough. Eaten on the eve of E Mart e Madh Carnival. Shrove Tuesday is the term used in Ireland the United Kingdom Australia and Canada to refer to the day after Shrove Monday (or the more old fashioned Collop Monday

Të plotit
Të plotit

A sweet cake in various shaped with fig marmellade filling, one of the oldest Arbëresh dishes. Ficus is a Genus of about 850 Species of woody Trees Shrubs Vines Epiphytes and hemi-epiphytes in the family

Milanisë
Milanisë

Traditionally eaten on the Festa e Shën Zefit and Good Friday, is a pasta dish made with a sauce (lënk) of wild Fennel paste, Sardines and pine nuts. Saint Joseph's Day, 19 March, the Feast of St Joseph or Solemnity of Saint Joseph is in Western Christianity the principal feast day of Fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare) is a Plant Species in the Genus Foeniculum (treated as the sole species in the genus by Pine nuts are the edible Seeds of Pines (family Pinaceae, genus Pinus)

Udhose and Gjizë
Udhose and Gjizë

Homemade cheese and ricotta normally dried outdoors.

Pork sausages flavored with salt, pepper and seed of Fennel (farë mbrai).

Forest Brussel sprout (llapsana) fried with garlic and oil. Lapsana is a genus of Flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, containing a single species Lapsana communis ( Nipplewort

Very thin home-made semolina spaghetti, cooked in milk and eaten on Ascension Day. The general and most common understanding of the Christian Doctrine of Ascension holds that Jesus bodily ascended to Heaven in the presence

Soup made of Fava beans, chickpeas and Haricot beans.

During Easter a kind of pie is prepared with eggs, lamb, ricotta, sheep cheese and (previously boiled) leaf stalks of Scolymus hispanicus; in some villages, the young aerial parts of wild fennel (Foeniculum vulgare spp . Scolymus hispanicus ( Common Golden Thistle or Spanish Oyster Thistle) is a Flowering plant in the genus Scolymus in pipentum) are used instead.

Gallery

Married woman's costume from Piana degli Albanesi, Sicily. Xhëllona e Nusës ka Hora e Arbëreshëvet

Ncilona për Pashkët ka Shëndhastina

Shrine in Sicily showing the words "Falem O Meri" meaning "Hail Mary" in Arbërisht. "Falem O Meri" në një faltore te dhromën

Iconostasis in an Arbëresh Byzantine Catholic church in Sicily. In Eastern Christianity an iconostasis (the plural is iconostases) also called the Templon, is a wall of Icons and religious paintings The Greek Byzantine Catholic Church is a Sui iuris Particular Church within the Catholic Church and uses the Byzantine liturgical rite Një ikonstasi në klishën Bixantine e Shën Gjergjit, Hora e Arbëreshëvet

View of the same Iconostasis

Video

See also

References

  1. ^ www. The Principality of Epirus can also refer to the pashalik of Ali Pasha The Despotate or Principality of Epirus (Δεσποτάτο της The Despotate of Morea ( Δεσποτάτο του Μορέως) was a province of the Byzantine Empire which existed between the mid- 14th and mid- The stratioti or stradioti ( Greek: στρατιώτες, Italian: stradioti or stradiotti) were mercenaries of mostly comunesantacristinagela. pa. it/

External links

Italian

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