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Arad
Arad city Hall
Arad city Hall
Flag of Arad
Flag		 Coat of arms of Arad
Coat of arms
Location of Arad, Romania
Location of Arad, Romania
Coordinates: 46°10′N 21°19′E / 46.167, 21.317
Country Flag of Romania Romania
County Arad County
Status Municipality
Government
 - Mayor Gheorghe Falcă (Democratic Party)
Area
 - Total 46. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania List of counties See also List of Romanian Counties by Population The Judeţe (translated in English as "counties" are administrative Romania 's administration is relatively centralised and administrative subdivisions are therefore fairly simplified A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Gheorghe Falcă is a Romanian politician He is the current mayor of Arad, and has held office since 2004 The Democratic Party ( Romanian: Partidul Democrat, PD was a centre-right party of Romania. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 18 km² (17. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 8 sq mi)
Population (2006)
 - Total 191,473
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Website: http://www.primariaarad.ro

Arad (pronunciation in Romanian: /a'rad/; Hungarian: Arad; Serbian: Арад, Arad) is the capital city of Arad County, in western Romania, in Crişana, Ardeal, on the river Mureş. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Eastern European Time ( EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Daylight saving time ( DST Eastern European Summer Time ( EEST) is one of the names of UTC+3 Time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+3 is used in the following locations Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time West Asian Summer Time Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance Hungarian ( magyar nyelv) is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language) unrelated to most other languages in Europe. Serbian (sr-Cyrl српски језик sr-Latn ''srpski jezik'' is a South Slavic language, Arad (a'rad Hungarian: Arad, Serbian: Arad/Арад) is a county ( Judeţ) of Romania, in Crişana, with Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Crişana is also a local newspaper in Oradea, Romania. Crişana ( Hungarian: Körösvidék, Transylvania (Ardeal or ro ''Transilvania'' Erdély, see also other denominations) is a Central European region located in the eastern half of the Carpathian The Mureş ( Romanian) ( Maros, Latin Marisus, Croatian Moriš, German Mieresch Marosch or Muresch, Serbian Мориш

Arad is a modern-built city and contains many charming private and public buildings, including a cathedral. An important industrial center and transportation hub, it is also the seat of a Romanian Orthodox bishop and features two universities, a Romanian Orthodox theological seminary, a training school for teachers, and a music conservatory. The Romanian Orthodox Church ( Biserica Ortodoxă Română in Romanian) is a Autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church Arad was featured in a game Red Orchestra: Ostfront 41-45 as a map in which the player can play out the events of the area in World War 2. Red Orchestra Ostfront 41-45 is a tactical First-person shooter Computer game developed by Tripwire Interactive.

Contents

Population

Arad at Dusk
Arad at Dusk
Strada Unirii (Union Street)
Strada Unirii (Union Street)

According to the 2006 census, the municipality of Arad was home to 191,473 inhabitants. The ethnic breakdown of the city was as follows: 160,186 Romanians (83. The Romanians (dated Rumanians or Roumanians; Romanian: români or historically and today rather seldom and only regional rumâni 66%); 22,869 Hungarians (11. Hungarians (or Magyars, magyarok are an Ethnic group primarily associated with Hungary. 94%); 3,178 Roma (1. The Romani people (singular Rom, plural Roma as a Noun; also known as Romanies or Roma people) are an ethnic group with origins 66%); 2,904 Germans (1. This article is about the German diaspora See Germans for the German ethnicity in general 52%); and 2,336 of other nationalities (1. 22%).

The largest religious groups represented were the Eastern Orthodox (72. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world 7%), Roman Catholic (13. The Roman-Catholic Church (Biserica Romano-Catolică din România in Romania is a Latin Church Christian church part of the worldwide Catholic Church 1%), Baptist (4. Baptist is a term describing individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. 5%), Pentecostal (4. Pentecostalism is a renewalist religious movement within Christianity that places special emphasis on the direct personal experience of God through the Baptism 4%), Reformed (3. The Reformed churches are a group of Christian Protestant Denominations formally characterized by a similar Calvinist system of doctrine historically 1%), and Greek-Catholic Uniate (1. The Romanian Church United with Rome Greek-Catholic (Biserica Română Unită cu Roma Greco-Catolică is an Eastern Rite or Greek-Catholic Church ranked as a Major 1%) churches.

History

Arad was first mentioned in documents in the 11th century. The Mongol invasion of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1241 showed that defensive fortifications were needed, and in the second half of the 13th century stone fortresses at Soimos (Solymos), Siria (Világos), and Dezna (Dézna) were built. The Kingdom of Hungary (short form Hungary) was a considerable state in Central Europe that existed from 1001 to 1918 then from 1919 to 1946 The Ottoman Empire conquered the region from Hungary in 1551 and kept it until the Peace of Karlowitz of 1699. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The Treaty (Peace of Karlowitz (Karlovci was signed on January 26, 1699 in Sremski Karlovci ( Serbian Cyrillic: Сремски Карловци After 1699, the city was ruled by the Habsburg Monarchy. Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor According to 1720 data, the population of the city was composed of 177 German families, 162 Serbian, and 35 Hungarian.

The new fortress was built between 1763 and 1783. Year 1763 ( MDCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1783 ( MDCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Although it was small, it proved formidable having played a great role in the Hungarian struggle for independence in 1849. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The city possesses a museum containing relics of this war of independence.

Bravely defended by the Austrian general Berger until the end of July 1849, it was captured by the Hungarian rebels, who made it their headquarters during the latter part of the revolution. For the history of these states before 1804 see Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and articles on each of the component countries. A revolution (from the Latin revolutio, "a turnaround" is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively It was from Arad that Lajos Kossuth issued his famous proclamation (August 11, 1849), and where he handed over the supreme military and civil power to Artúr Görgey. Lajos Kossuth (ˈlɒjoʃ ˈkoʃut Monok, September 19 1802 &ndash Turin, March 20 1894 was a Hungarian lawyer politician and Regent-President Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Artúr Görgey ( January 30 1818 &ndash May 21 1916) was a Hungarian military leader

The fortress was recaptured shortly after the surrender of Görgey to the Russians at Şiria/Világos and is now used as an ammunition depot. The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya Şiria ( German: Hellburg, Hungarian: Világos) is a village with 8140 inhabitants in 2002 in Arad County, Romania

Thirteen rebel generals were executed there on October 6, 1849, by order of the Austrian general Haynau. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus These men are known collectively as the 13 Martyrs of Arad, and since then Arad is considered the "Hungarian Golgotha". "Golgotha" redirects here For other uses see Golgotha (disambiguation. One of the public squares contains a martyrs' monument, erected in their memory. It consists of a colossal figure of Hungary, with four allegorical groups, and medallions of the executed generals.

Căluş dancer from Arad, early 20th century.
Căluş dancer from Arad, early 20th century. The căluşari (/kəlu'ʃarʲ/ is the Romanian word for participants in a traditional Folk dance, the căluş, nowadays mainly found in Southern

Arad enjoyed a great economic development. In 1834 it was declared a "free royal town" by Emperor Francis I of Austria. Year 1834 ( MDCCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Francis II (Franz II Heiliger Römischer Kaiser ( 12 February 1768 &ndash 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich

Aradu Nou / Újarad ("New Arad"), situated on the opposite bank of the Mureş/Maros, is a suburb of Arad, to which it is connected by a bridge. It was founded during the Turkish wars of the 17th century. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar The works erected by the Turks for the capture of the fortress of Arad formed the nucleus of the new settlement.

In 1910, the town had 63,166 inhabitants: 46,085 (73%) Hungarians, 10,279 (16. 2%) Romanians, 4,365 (7%) Germans. [1]

Chronology

Economy

With a rich industrial and commercial tradition, Arad is one of the most prosperous towns in Romania. Year 1702 ( MDCCII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1715 ( MDCCXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1765 ( MDCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1783 ( MDCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1817 ( MDCCCXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Year 1833 ( MDCCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1834 ( MDCCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Johann Strauss II (also known as Johann Strauss the Younger, Johann Strauss Jr Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Pablo Martín Melitón de Sarasate y Navascués ( March 10 1844 &ndash September 20 1908, pronounced Sah-ra-SAH-teh was a Spanish Henryk Wieniawski ( July 10, 1835 Lublin, Congress Poland, Russian Empire - March 31, 1880 Moscow) Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. George Enescu (pronunciation in Romanian: /'ʤěorʤe e'nesku/ known in France as Georges Enesco) ( August 19 1881, Liveni &ndash Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Béla Viktor János Bartók (March 25 1881&ndashSeptember 26 1945 was a Hungarian Composer and Pianist, considered to be one of the greatest Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Iuliu Maniu ( January 8, 1873 &mdash February 5, 1953) was an Romanian politician Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Thanks to numerous investments, Arad has a booming economy.

The main industries are: freight and passenger railcars, clothing and textiles, food industry, furniture and furniture accessories, equipment for the car industry, electric components, meters, and shoes.

Neighborhoods

Aradul Nou, Aurel Vlaicu, Micălaca, Grădişte, Alfa, Confectii, Functionarilor, Centru, Gai, Sânnicolaul Mic, Colonia, Subcetate.

Transport

Arad is the most important trans-European road and rail transportation junction point in western Romania, included in the 4th Pan-European Corridor linking Western Europe to South-Eastern European and Middle Eastern countries. The city has an extensive light rail network and a few bus lines. Arad International Airport, with a cargo terminal, is situated four km from downtown Arad. Arad International Airport is located near the city of Arad, in western Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. A container terminal is a facility where cargo containers are transshipped between different transport vehicles for onward transportation

Employees by occupation

Some tourist attractions

Architectural monuments

Classic Theatre "Ioan Slavici"
Classic Theatre "Ioan Slavici"

Historic buildings

Monuments

The Lutheran Church in Arad
The Lutheran Church in Arad

Religious tourism

Catholic cathedral St. Anthony of Padua
Catholic cathedral St. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Anthony of Padua

Recreational tourism

Culture and education

Schools

Arad has two universities, the private Vasile Goldiş University of the West, founded in 1990, and the public Aurel Vlaicu University, founded in 1991. Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began Year 1834 ( MDCCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Aurel Vlaicu /au'rel 'vlajku/ ( November 19, 1882 – September 13, 1913) was a Romanian engineer inventor airplane constructor Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar.

There are about two dozen high schools, some of the more famous being the Moise Nicoară and Elena Ghiba-Birta national colleges, the Economics College, the Technical College for Constructions and Environmental Protection and the Vasile Goldiş theoretical lyceum. History Created in 1962 as The medium Hidrotehnics and Meteorology School, the TCCEP has surpassed through a various number of name changes and High schools in minorities' languages include the Hungarian Csiky Gergely group of schools and the German A. M. Guttenbrunn( ro -[1]) theoretical lyceum.

Cultural life

Museums and exhibitions

Arad town hall square
Arad town hall square

Twinnings

Sister cities

Partner cities

Sports

The UTA Arad (formerly ITA) football team was founded in 1946 and has won six Romanian championships and two Romanian Cups. Atlit (עתלית is a small coastal town in the form of a communal settlement, located south of Haifa in Israel. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Fushun ( is a city in Liaoning, China, about 45 km from Shenyang, with a population about 1 China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Gyula (Julau Giula Ðula is a town in Békés county in south-eastern Hungary. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Hódmezővásárhely (pronounced, Croatian: Vašarhelj) is a city in south-east Hungary, on the Great Hungarian Plain, at the meeting Giv'atayim (גִּבְעָתַיִם lit "two hills" is a city in Israel east of Tel Aviv. Pécs, (IPA, approximate pronunciation Pitch known by alternative names) is the fifth largest city of Hungary, located in the south-west of the country close Kirklees is a Metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Ditzingen is a town in the district of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Würzburg (ˈvʏɐ̯ʦbʊɐ̯k is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany Trenčín ( also known under alternative names) is a city in western Slovakia of the central Váh River valley near the Czech Tatabánya is a city of 70636 inhabitants in north-western Hungary, in the Northern Transdanubian region Zrenjanin ( Serbian Cyrillic: Зрењанин is a city and a municipality located in Serbia. FCM UTA Arad is a Football club based in Arad, Romania, founded in 1946 As of the 2006-2007 season, it plays in the first national league.

In basketball, the women's ICIM and the men's West Petrom teams have national prominence, their record including some recent national championship wins (ICIM in 1998 through 2001, West Petrom in 2001 and 2002).

In men's water polo, Astra Arad also plays in the first division.

The men rugby team Contor Group Arad plays in the National Rugby League, reached the playoff final in 2006.

World Champion and Olympic medalist in gymnastics, Emilia Eberle was born in Arad. Gertrude Emilia Eberle (born 4 March 1964 in Arad, Romania) was a Romanian gymnast of German and Hungarian descent who was of European

Notes

  1. ^ Atlas and Gazetteer of Historic Hungary 1914, Talma Kiadó

References

External links

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