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Arab American
Total population

1,189,731 (0. John Philip Abizaid (born 1 April 1951 جون أبي زيد is a retired General in the United States Army and former Commander of the United States Central Mitchell Elias "Mitch" Daniels Jr (born April 7, 1949 in Monongahela PA) is the current Governor of the U Tige Andrews ( March 19, 1920 - January 27, 2007) was a Syrian American Character actor. Shannon Elizabeth (born Shannon Elizabeth Fadal; September 7, 1973) is an American Actress and former fashion model Robert Kelly Slater (b February 11 1972, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA) known simply as Kelly Slater is an American professional Surfer 42% of U. S population)[1]
Regions with significant populations
California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Texas, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Virginia
Languages
Arabic, American English, others
Religions
Predominantly Christianity. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Minorities practising Islam, Judaism, Druze and others
Related ethnic groups
American Jews, Arab Brazilian, Arab Mexican, Arab Singaporean, British Arabs, other Arabs

An Arab American is a United States citizen or resident alien whose ancestry traces back to any of various waves of immigrants, largely of Arab cultural and linguistic heritage and/or identity, originating from one or more of the twenty-two countries which somprise the Arab World; from the westernmost Morocco in North Africa to the southernmost Oman and easternmost Iraq in Southwest Asia. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Judaism (from the Greek Ioudaïsmos, derived from the Hebrew יהודה Yehudah, " Judah " in Hebrew יַהֲדוּת Yahedut The Druze ( Arabic: درزي derzī or durzī, plural دروز durūz) are a religious community found primarily in Syria, Lebanon American Jews, or Jewish Americans An Arab Brazilian is a Brazilian-born person of Arab descent sometimes including other non-Arabic Middle Eastern peoples An Arab Mexican is a Mexican citizen that is Arab Arab immigration to Mexico started as early as the 19th and 20th centuries Most Arab Singaporeans have come in the past from Hadhramaut region in Yemen and are Muslim. British Arabs are people in the United Kingdom who were born in or have ancestry from the Arab world. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Southwest Asia or Southwestern Asia (largely overlapping with the Middle East) is the southwestern portion of Asia. The question of who is an Arab is in itself a highly contested issue. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding For more information, please see Arab. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding

Although a highly diverse group of Americans — in ancestral origins, religion and historic identities — "Arab Americans" hold a heritage that shares common linguistic, cultural, and political traditions.

Arab Americans also comprise a part of what is often termed Middle Eastern and North African Americans. This latter term itself refers to geographic origin, and includes not only people of Arab cultural and linguistic heritage and/or identity, but also non-Arab identified peoples within what are deemed Arab countries (such as Assyrians and Kurds), or others falling outside Arab countries but inside the Middle East and North Africa (such as Turks and Persians). The Assyrians are an Ethnic group whose origins lie in what is today Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria. layout and formatting it should ensure no clashes with the top of the infobox

Contents

Population

The majority of Arab Americans, around 62%, originate from the region of the Levant or Greater Syria, comprising Syria, Lebanon, Palestine and Jordan. See also Names of the Levant The Levant (lə'vænt is a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia, roughly bounded on the north by the Greater Syria (سوريّة الكبرى also known (in a historic context simply as Syria, is a term that denotes a historic region in the Middle East bordering Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية Lebanon (ˈlɛbənɒn Arabic: ar لبنان Lubnān) officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (ar الجمهورية اللبنانية Palestine is a name which has been widely used since Roman times to refer to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (الأردنّ al-Urdunn) is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern The remainder are made up of those from Iraq other Arab nations, which, although small in numbers, are present nonetheless. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. There are 3,500,000 Arab-Americans in the United States according to The Arab American Institute. Founded in 1985 the Arab American Institute is a non-profit membership organization and advocacy group based in Washington D Arab-Americans live in all 50 states and Washington, DC - and more than 90% reside in the metropolitan areas of major cities. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D According to the 2000 US Census, 48% of the Arab-American population - 576,000 - reside in California, Michigan, New York, Florida and New Jersey, respectively; these 5 states collectively have 31% of the net US population. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. Five other states - Illinois, Texas, Ohio, Massachusetts and Pennsylvania - report Arab-American populations of more than 40,000 each. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern Also, the counties which contained the greatest proportions of Arab-Americans were in California, Michigan, New York, Florida, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state

According to the 2000 US Census, the city with the largest percentage of Arab Americans is Dearborn, Michigan (southwestern suburb of Detroit) at nearly 30%. Dearborn is a city in the US state of Michigan. It is located in the Detroit metropolitan area and Wayne County, and is the tenth largest Other major communities are in Paterson, New Jersey/Clifton, New Jersey and Brooklyn, New York (New York City metro-area); Miami, Florida; Silicon Valley (San Francisco metro-area), ; Los Angeles County, California, Orange County, California (Los Angeles metro-area); the San Diego metro-area; Chicago and Bridgeview, Illinois (Chicago metro-area); Houston; Boston; Jersey City, New Jersey;Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and Jacksonville, Florida. Clifton is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. Brooklyn (named after the Dutch town Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. The City of New York For the valley nicknamed "Silicone Valley" see San Fernando Valley. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Los Angeles County is a county in California and is by far the most populous county in the United States. Orange County is a county in Southern California, United States. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Bridgeview is a village in Cook County, Illinois in the United States. Jersey City is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. Cedar Rapids (ˌciːdɪrˈræpɨds is the second largest City in the U The cities with the highest percentages of Arabs are Sterling Heights, Michigan; Jersey City; Warren, Michigan; Allentown, Pennsylvania; Burbank, California and Glendale, California; Livonia, Michigan; Arlington, Virginia; Paterson; and Daly City, California. Sterling Heights (sometimes referred to as The Heights) is a city in Macomb County of the U Warren is a city in Macomb County in the US state of Michigan. For the song by Billy Joel, see " Allentown (song." For the neighborhood in Pittsburgh Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County California, United States. Glendale ( is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Livonia is a city located in the northwest part of Wayne County in the U Daly City is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States with a 2000 population of 103621

Many agricultural regions in California, like the San Joaquin Valley, Salinas Valley, Coachella Valley and Imperial Valley have a history of immigrants from Arab countries involved in the area's rich farming industry. The San Joaquin Valley (ˌsæn wɑːˈkiːn refers to the area of the Central Valley of California that lies south of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta The Salinas Valley in the Central Coast region of California, USA that lies along the Salinas River between the Gabilan Range and The Coachella Valley ( pronounced /koʊəˈtʃɛlə/ in English) is a large stretch of land in Southern California that is populated by close to a million The Imperial Valley is a region of southeastern California ( USA) located in part between the Colorado River and the Salton Sea, which Oklahoma had a sizable Arab-American population, mainly are immigrants in the oil business came in the 1980s and developed noticeable communities in Peoria, Illinois Tulsa,Oklahoma and Oklahoma City. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. Peoria Illinois (named after the Peoria tribe is the largest city on the Illinois River and the County seat of Peoria County, Illinois Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of the US state of Oklahoma.

Religious background

While the majority of the population of the Middle Eastern region, and, in particular, the countries of the Arab world, are identified as adherents of Islam, contrary to popular belief, the overwhelming majority of Arab Americans are Christian, not Muslim. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion [2]. According to the Arab American Institute, Muslims account for 20%[3] of the Arab American population, while Christians account for 70%, and the rest of the 10% identify as other religion, or no affiliation, although the number of Arab Muslims has been faster growing. The percentage of Christians are: Catholics (Roman Catholics, Eastern Rite Catholics - Maronites and Melkites) 35%, Orthodox Christians who are at 18%, and Protestant Christians are 10%. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation.

Racial status

The Arab American National Museum celebrates the history of Arab Americans
The Arab American National Museum celebrates the history of Arab Americans

While Arab Americans in the United States are classified as White in the US Census, some have questioned this designation and lobbied for the creation of a separate category. The Arab American National Museum, located in Dearborn Michigan, is the first of its kind and opened May 5[[ 005]] [4]

Some Arab Americans, especially those with darker complexions and recent Muslim immigrants from the gulf, are not generally considered white in social terms and have been increasingly targeted for discrimination and hate crimes. [5]

A new Zogby Poll International found that there are 3. 5 Million Americans who identify themselves as "Arab-Americans" or Americans of ancestry belonging to one of the 23 UN member countries of the Arab World. The poll also found that more than half identify themselves as Muslims (of that over half identify their denomination as of the Shi'a Mosque). 62% of participants identify themselves as Democratic or leaning to the Democratic party in voting in the 2008 election, while 25% identify themselves as Republicans or leaning to vote Republican in the upcoming elections.

Poll also finds that majority of those who identify themselves as Arab Americans are of Lebanese origin. Furthermore, the majority of poll participants reported a household income of equal to or over $100,000 U. S. (2007). Nearly one third of those who reported their incomes identified themselves as self-employed or running a family owned business.

Politics

Arabs
العرب
Ibn al-Haytham • Abd-ar-Rahman III • Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi • Averroes
May Ziade • Philip the Arab • Gamal Abdel Nasser • Fairuz
Total population

approx. TemplateInfobox Muslim scholars --> ( Arabic: ابو علی، حسن بن حسن بن هيثم Latinized Abd-ar-Rahman III ( ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh; Arabic: عبد الرحمن الثالث January 11 889 – October TemplateInfobox Muslim scholars --> Abu al-Qasim Khalaf ibn al-Abbas Al-Zahrawi (936 - 1013 (أبو القاسم بن خلف Abū 'l-Walīd Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Rushd (Arabicأبو الوليد محمد بن احمد بن رشد better known just as Ibn Rushd (ابن رشد and in European May Ziade (née Marie, with Ziade also written Ziadé or Ziadeh) ( مي زيادة) ( February 11 1886. Marcus Julius Philippus or Philippus I Arabs (c 204 - 249 known in English as Philip the Arab or formerly (prior to World War II in Gamal Abdel Nasser (جمال عبد الناصر Gamāl ‘Abd an-Nāṣir; - January 15 1918 September 28 1970) was the second President Fairuz ( فيروز, also spelled Fairouz or Fayrouz) (born November 21, 1935) is a distinguished Lebanese singer 350 to 422 million[6]
Regions with significant populations
Middle East (Mashriq · Arabian Peninsula)
Northern Africa (Maghreb · Egypt)
Languages
Arabic, Mehri[7][8]
Religions
Mostly Islam; minorities include Christianity, Druze among others
Related ethnic groups
Other Semitic peoples

Arab Americans tend to split fairly evenly between the Republican and Democratic parties. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. This article is about the Mashriq region For other uses see Mashriq (disambiguation The Mashriq or Mashreq (also in use Mashrek The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab) North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan The Maghreb (المغرب العربي al-Maġrib al-ʿArabī) also rendered Maghrib (or rarely Moghreb) meaning "place of Sunset This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Mehri or Mahri is a Modern South Arabian language a branch of the greater Semitic language family and is spoken by minority populations in isolated For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The Druze ( Arabic: درزي derzī or durzī, plural دروز durūz) are a religious community found primarily in Syria, Lebanon The Semitic languages are a Language family whose living representatives are spoken by more than 467 million people across much of the Middle East, The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Historically, they have tended to vote for Democratic Presidential candidates. However, a number of prominent Arab American politicians are Republicans, including New Hampshire Senator John E. Sununu, and California Congressman Darrell Issa, who was the driving force behind the state's 2003 recall election that removed Democratic Governor Gray Davis from office. John Edward Sununu (born September 10, 1964) is a Republican United States Senator from New Hampshire. Darrell E Issa (pronounced Eye -suh (born November 1, 1953) is an American politician and formerly a CEO of a Consumer electronics Joseph Graham Davis Jr (born December 26 1942 better known as Gray Davis, is an American politician who served as California 's 37th Governor The strong sense of family values characteristic of Arab Americans does not necessarily translate to Republican values in Arab American statesmen, however; the first woman Supreme Court Chief Justice in Florida, Rosemary Barkett, is known for her dedication to progressive values and has been publicly criticized by Republican politicians at various stages of her career. Rosemary Barkett (born 1939 in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico) is a Federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Ralph Nader is another example of a liberal Arab American politician. Ralph Nader (born February 27 1934 is an American Attorney, Author, Lecturer, political activist, and independent candidate for President

Many Arab Americans tend to be pro-life and to support the death penalty. They are also more in favor of gun control. [9] Arab American Republicans often view the GOP as more in line with Arab culture, which tends to be more socially conservative and values entrepreneurship and free enterprise. Those who ally themselves with Democrats may choose to do so through a sense of social justice or because of concerns over foreign policy and, in recent years, the Iraq War, Racial Profiling and the War on Terror. The Iraq War, also known as the Second Gulf War, the Occupation of Iraq, or the War in Iraq, is an ongoing Military campaign Racial profiling is the inclusion of racial or ethnic characteristics in determining whether a person is considered likely to commit a particular type of crime or The War on Terrorism (also known as the War on Terror) is the common term for the military political and legal, and ideological conflict and specifically for U

Festivals

While the spectrum of Arab heritage includes 22 countries, their combined heritage is often celebrated in cultural festivals around the United States.

New York City

The New York Arab-American Comedy Festival was founded in 2003 by comedian Dean Obeidallah and comedienne Maysoon Zayid. Dean Obeidallah (دين عبيدالله is a Palestinian / Italian-American Comedian, who was born in Lodi, New Jersey, and grew Held annually each fall, the festival showcases the talents of Arab-American actors, comics, playwrights and filmmakers, and challenges as well as inspires fellow Arab-Americans to create outstanding works of comedy. Participants include actors, directors, writers and comedians, including director Piter Marek.

Seattle

Of particular note is ArabFest in Seattle, begun in 1999. Festal is a brand name drug containing Pancreatin, Hemicellulase, and certain bile components The festival includes all 22 of the Arab countries, with a souk marketplace, traditional and modern music, an authentic Arab coffeehouse, an Arabic spelling bee and fashion show. A souk (سوق also sook, souq, or suq, or shuq in Hebrew שוק is a highly fashioned commercial quarter in an Arab or Berber Lectures and workshops explore the rich culture and history of the Arab peoples, one of the world's oldest civilizations. Also of new interest is the Arabic rap concert, including the NW group Sons of Hagar, showcasing the political and creative struggle of Arabic youth.

Famous Americans of Arab descent

Main article: List of Arab Americans

Here are a few examples of famous Arab Americans. This is a list of famous Arab Americans List Academics Dr Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad teaches Religion, Science and Arab Americans are very much involved in politics and are one of the wealthiest ethnic groups in the U. S. , however it is hard to calculate their median income as they are classified white under the United States race census of 2005.

References

  1. ^ http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/c2kbr-23.pdf
  2. ^ http://www.aaiusa.org/arab-americans/22/demographics
  3. ^ http://www.alhewar.org/gabriel_habib_What_About_Arab_Christians.htm
  4. ^ Ian F. Wentworth Earl Miller III (born June 2, 1972) is a Golden Globe -nominated British -born American actor who rose to stardom following Susie Gharib is one of the nation’s leading business news journalists and co-anchor of PBS' Nightly Business Report — television’s most watched evening business Haney-Lopez, White by Law: The Legal Construction of Race (New York: New York University, 1996), Appendix "A".
  5. ^ Paulson, Amanda. "Rise in Hate Crimes Worries Arab-Americans" (Christian Science Monitor, April 10, 2003). Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. [1]
  6. ^ Arabic Language - ninemsn Encarta
  7. ^ Kister, M.J. "Ķuāḍa." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 10 April 2008: "The name is an early one and can be traced in fragments of the old Arab poetry. The tribes recorded as Ķuḍā'ī were: Kalb [q. v. ], Djuhayna , Balī, Bahrā' [q. v. ], Khawlān [q. v. ], Mahra , Khushayn, Djarm, 'Udhra [q. v. ], Balkayn [see al-Kayn ], Tanūkh [q. v. ] and Salīh"
  8. ^ Serge D. Elie, "Hadiboh: From Peripheral Village to Emerging City", Chroniques Yéménites: "In the middle, were the Arabs who originated from different parts of the mainland (e. g. , prominent Mahrî tribes10, and individuals from Hadramawt, and Aden)". Footnote 10: "Their neighbours in the West scarcely regarded them as Arabs, though they themselves consider they are of the pure stock of Himyar. ” [2]
  9. ^ [3]
  10. ^ [4], Seinfeld, The Making of an American Icon by Jerry Oppenheimer Page 11. Accessed February 20, 2008. Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

See also

Arab American Ancestries in the 2000 US Census[1]
Ancestry 1990 1990% of US population 2000 2000% of US population Percent change from 1990 to 2000
Iraqi negligible (no data) negligible (no data) 37,714 0. The American Arab Anti Discrimination Committee (ADC is a grassroots Civil rights organization open to all regardless of background faith and ethnicity committed to defending Founded in 1985 the Arab American Institute is a non-profit membership organization and advocacy group based in Washington D The Arab lobby in the United States is a collection of formal and informal groups that lobby the public and government of the United States on behalf of Arab Diaspora politics in the United States is the study of the political behavior of transnational ethnic Diasporas their relationship with their ethnic Arab diaspora refers to the numbers of Arab immigrants, and their descendants who voluntarily or as Refugees emigrated from their native countries Western Muslims are Muslims who reside in the West. Ever since the rise of Islam, Muslims have lived in parts of the West alongside Jews and Throughout the past 100 years there have been a growing number of Refugees fleeing Iraq and settling throughout the world peaking recently with the latest Iraq War The Iraqi diaspora refers to native Iraqis who have left for other countries as Emigrants or Refugees and is now one of the largest in modern times being The ancestry of the people of the United States is widely varied and includes descendants of Populations from around the World, some presumably extinct Iraqi Americans ( عراقيّون امريكيون) are Americans of Iraqi descent including those who are expatriates in exile or permanent immigrants 01% negligible (no data)
Lebanese negligible (no data) negligible (no data) 440,279 0. Lebanese Americans are American citizens of Lebanese descent This includes both those who are native to the United States as well as Lebanese immigrants 2% negligible (no data)
Palestinian negligible (no data) negligible (no data) 72,112 0. Palestinian Americans are Americans of Palestinian Arab ancestry 02% negligible (no data)
Syrian negligible (no data) negligible (no data) 142,897 0. Syrian Americans are Citizens of the United States of Syrian Ancestry or Nationality. 05% negligible (no data)
Yemeni negligible (no data) negligible (no data) 15,000 0. Yemeni Americans are citizens of the United States of Yemeni ancestry 005% negligible (no data)
Other Arabs negligible (no data) negligible (no data) 424,807 0. 2% negligible (no data)
TOTAL 716,396 0. 1% 1,275,641 0. 42% increased 67. 9%

External links

Books

Festival Links

Arab American Organizations

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