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Lippstadt
Lippstadt

Anton Praetorius (Lippstadt 1560 – 6 December 1613 near Heidelberg in Laudenbach (Rhein-Neckar)/Bergstrasse in Germany), Protestant pastor who spoke out against the persecution of witches (witchhunts, witchcraft trials) and against torture. Lippstadt (ˈlɪpʃtat is a city in the district of Soest, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2006 over 140000 people live within the city's area Laudenbach is a town in the district of Rhein-Neckar in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Bergstraße ("Mountain Road" is the name of a mountain route and the area around it which stretches across the western edge of the Odenwald in southern Hesse Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. "Witch trial" redirects here For the song by Rush, see Fear series. "Witch trial" redirects here For the song by Rush, see Fear series. Torture, according to the United Nations Convention Against Torture, is "any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental is intentionally

Contents

Life and writings

Persecution of witches
Persecution of witches

Anton Praetorius was the son of Matthes Schulze. He later changed his name to the Latin Praetorius. He studied theology and became principal of the humanistic Latin school in Kamen, Westphalia. Kamen is a Town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in the district Unna. There, he married, but his wife Maria died of the plague. They had one child: Johannes.

Heidelberg Castle Wine Barrel
Heidelberg Castle Wine Barrel

As the first Calvinist pastor in the parish of Dittelsheim, he undertook a trip to Heidelberg, the centre of Calvinist theology in Germany. Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2006 over 140000 people live within the city's area Praetorius was so impressed by the Great Wine Barrel in the Heidelberg Castle that he published a poem with the title "Vas Heidelbergense" in October 1595, praising its size as an apparent proof of the superiority of the Calvinist religion. The Heidelberg Tun (Großes Fass is an extremely large Wine vat contained within the cellars of Heidelberg Castle. History Before the Castle's destruction Early History Heidelberg was first mentioned in 1196 as Heidelberch.

In his poem on Wolfgang Ernst, Earl of Ysenburg, Büdingen and Birstein ("De pii magistratus officio"), he asked the Christian governments for a reformation of nation and church along the principles of the Bible and the Calvinist faith. Subsequently, the earl called him as a princely preacher to his castle in Birstein.

In the town of Birstein (near Frankfurt am Main), Praetorius published church songs, a catechism, and a book for families about Christian education in 1597. In 1602, he made a contribution to the discussion about the interpretation of the Last Supper and the Sacraments in his book De Sacrosanctis novi foederis Jesu Christi. In the Christian Gospels the Last Supper (also called the Lord's Supper or Mystical Supper) was the last meal Jesus shared with his A sacrament, as defined in Hexam's Concise Dictionary of Religion is "a Rite in which God is uniquely active

Fight against the persecution of witches

Praetorius Bericht Zauberey 1602
Praetorius Bericht Zauberey 1602

In 1597 Anton Praetorius was appointed as pastor to the Earl of Büdingen/ Ysenburg in Birstein (near Frankfurt am Main) and had to witness the torture of 4 women accused of witchcraft. Birstein is a municipality on the northern edge of the Main-Kinzig-Kreis in Hesse, Germany.

File Birstein Witchcraft Trial 1597
File Birstein Witchcraft Trial 1597

According to the court records, Reverend Praetorius was so upset about the torture of the accused woman that he pressed for a stop in the trial against the last surviving woman. His protest against the torture can be found in the record of the witch-trial of Birstein 1597: "As the pastor has violently protested against the torture of the women, it has therefore been stopped this time. " As a consequence Anton Praetorius was dismissed by the Earl.

In his new parochy in Laudenbach/Bergstrasse (near Heidelberg) he wrote the book Gründlicher Bericht über Zauberey und Zauberer (Thorough Report about Witchcraft and Witches) to protest against torture and the prosecution of witches. Bergstraße ("Mountain Road" is the name of a mountain route and the area around it which stretches across the western edge of the Odenwald in southern Hesse Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2006 over 140000 people live within the city's area At first he published the book in 1598 under the name of his son Johannes Schulze ("Johannes Scultetus"). In 1602 he dared to publish the book under his own name. The book was published again in 1613 and posthumously in 1629.

Laudenbach House of the Pastor
Laudenbach House of the Pastor

Praetorius was one of the first to describe the terrible situation of the prisoners and to protest against torture, and with his "Bericht" Praetorius publicly objected to the prevailing attitude in the church (a view held by Roman Catholics as well as Protestants such as Martin Luther and John Calvin) on the torture and burning of witches. A prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer John Calvin (or Jean Calvin) (10 July 1509 – 27 May 1564 was a French Protestant theologian during the Protestant Reformation and

Publications (German and Latin)

Front page of Poem on Heidelberg Castle Wine Barrel 1595
Front page of Poem on Heidelberg Castle Wine Barrel 1595

Bibliography (in German)

External links

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