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 Flamingo Lily (Anthurium andraeanum) - flower
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See List of species |
Anthurium (Schott, 1829), is a large genus of about 600- 800 (possibly 1,000) species, belonging to the arum family (Araceae). Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Liliopsida is a Botanical name for the class containing the family Liliaceae (or Lily Family Alismatales is an order of Flowering plants The order will of necessity contain the family Alismataceae. The arums comprise the Family Araceae (including the numerous Aroids subfamily monocotyledonous Flowering plants in which Flowers Heinrich Wilhelm Schott ( January 7, 1794 - March 5, 1865) was an Austrian Botanist well-known for his extensive work on This is a list of Anthurium species: Anthurium is a large genus of flowering plants from the arum family ( Araceae) Heinrich Wilhelm Schott ( January 7, 1794 - March 5, 1865) was an Austrian Botanist well-known for his extensive work on The arums comprise the Family Araceae (including the numerous Aroids subfamily monocotyledonous Flowering plants in which Flowers It is the largest and probably the most complex genus of this family. Many species are undoubtedly not described yet and new ones are being found every year.
They grow in the most diverse habitats, mostly in wet tropical mountain forest of Central America and South America, but some in semi-arid environments. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a Most species occur in Panama, Colombia, Brazil, the Guiana Shield and Ecuador. Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Ecuador topics. According to the work of noted aroid botanist Dr. Tom Croat of the Missouri Botanical Garden, this genus is not found in Asia. It is solely a neotropical genus found in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. [1] Some species have been introduced into Asian rain forests, but are not endemic.
Anthurium grows in many forms, mostly evergreen, bushy or climbing epiphytes with roots that often hang from the canopy all the way to the floor of the rain forest. An epiphyte is an organism that grows upon or attaches to a living plant There are also many terrestrial forms as well as hemiepiphytic forms. A hemiepiphyte is a plant capable of beginning life as a seed and sending roots to the soil, or beginning as a terrestrial plant that climbs a tree and then sends roots back to the soil. They occur also as lithophytes. Lithophytes are a type of Plant that grows in or on rocks. Lithophytes feed off Moss, nutrients in rain water litter and even their own dead tissue Some are only found in association with arboreal ant colonies or growing on rocks in midstream (such as A. Ants are social Insects of the family Formicidae and along with the related families of Wasps and Bees belong to the order amnicola).
The stems are short to elongate with a length between 15 and 30 cm. The simple leaves come in many shapes. Most leaves are to be found at the end of the stem. They can be spatulate, rounded, or obtuse at the apex. They may be erect or spreading in a rosette, with a length up to 40 cm. The upper surface is matted or semiglossy. The leaves are petiolate. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. In drier environments, the leaves can take a bird's-nest-shape rosette that enables the plant to collect falling debris, thus water and natural fertilizer. Terrestrials or epiphytes often have cordate leaves. Some grow as vines with rosettes of lanceolate leaves. A vine is any plant of Genus Vitis (the Grape plants or by extension any similar climbing or trailing plant Some species have many-lobed leaves.
The flowers are small (about 3 mm) and develop crowded in a spike on a fleshy axis and called a spadix, a characteristic of the arums. A raceme is a type of Inflorescence that is unbranched and indeterminate and bears pedicellate Flowers &mdash flowers having short In Botany, a spadix (pl spadices) is a type of spike: an Inflorescence with small Flowers crowded on a thickened fleshy axis The flowers on the spadix are often divided sexually with a sterile band separating male from female flowers. This spadix can take on many forms (club-shaped, tapered, spiraled, and globe-shaped) and colors (white, green, purple, red, pink, or a combination).
The spadix is part of an inflorescence. The outer portion of the inflorescence is known as the spathe. The spathe may be a single color (yellow, green, or white) or possibly multicolored including burgundy and red. That sometimes colorful, solitary spathe: a showy modified bract that can be somewhat leathery in texture. In Botany, a bract is a modified or specialized Leaf. Bracts are ordinarily associated with reproductive structures (subtending Flowers Inflorescence There are no flowers on the spathe as is sometimes thought. The flowers are found solely on the spadix. The spathe can vary in color from pale green to white, rose, orange or shiny red (such as A. andrenaum). The color changes between the bud stage and the anthesis, (the time the flower expands). Thus the color might change from pale green to reddish purple to reddish brown.
The flowers are hermaphrodite, containing male and female flowers. A hermaphrodite is an organism having both male and female reproductive organs The fruits are usually berries with one to multiple seeds on an infructescence that may be pendant or erect depending on species. The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context and the term is not synonymous in Food preparation and Biology.
The flowers of Anthurium give off a variety of fragrances, each attracting a variety of specific pollinators.
Several species are popular in the florist trade as pot plants or cut flowers and for interior decoration. They include forms such as A. crystallinum f peltifolium with its large, velvety, darkgreen leaves and silvery white venation. Most hybrids are based on A. In Biology, hybrid has two meanings The first meaning is the result of interbreeding between two animals or plants of different taxa. andreanum or A. scherzerianum because of their colorful spathes.
Species
For a full list, see List of Anthurium species
Such a large genus cannot be described by a few general terms. This is a list of Anthurium species: Anthurium is a large genus of flowering plants from the arum family ( Araceae) Schott, in his book "Prodromus Systematis Aroidearum" (1860), grouped the then known 183 species in 28 sections. Heinrich Wilhelm Schott ( January 7, 1794 - March 5, 1865) was an Austrian Botanist well-known for his extensive work on In 1905 Engler revised these sections into 18 sections. In 1983 Croat & Sheffer came up with the following sections :
Belolonchium, Calomystrium, Cardiolonchium, Chamaerepium, Cordatopunctatum, Dactylophyllium, Decurrentia, Digitinervium, Gymnopodium, Leptanthurium, Pachyneurium, Polyphyllium, Polyneurium, Porphyrochitonium, Schizoplacium, Semaeophyllium, Tetraspermium, Urospadix, Xialophyllium.
Anthurium can also be called "Flamingo Flower" or "Boy Flower"
References
- Anthurium nomenclature and reference
- Croat, Tom. 1983 - A Revision of the Genus Anthurium (Araceae) of Mexico and Central America, Part I : Mexico and Middle America; Part II: Panama. MBG Press
- Schott, H. W. - Prodromus Systematis Aroidearum. Wien, 1860
- Engler, A. 1905. Araceae-Pothoideae, Das Pflanzenreich IV. 23B, Heft 21, pp. 1-330.
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