Anthropogenic effects, processes, objects, or materials are those that are derived from human activities, as opposed to those occurring in natural environments without human influences. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus See also Nature The natural environment, commonly referred to simply as the environment, is a terminology that is comprised of all living and

The term is often used in the context of environmental externalities in the form of chemical or biological wastes that are produced as by-products of otherwise purposeful human activities. See also Nature The natural environment, commonly referred to simply as the environment, is a terminology that is comprised of all living and In Economics, an externality is an impact on any party not directly involved in an economic decision A chemical substance is a Material with a definite chemical composition. WASTE is a Peer-to-peer and Friend-to-friend protocol and software application developed by Justin Frankel at Nullsoft in 2003 that features A by-product is a secondary or incidental product deriving from a Manufacturing process a Chemical reaction or a biochemical pathway and is not the primary product

Contents 1 Sources 1.1 Industry 1.2 Agriculture 1.3 Botany 1.4 Mining 1.5 Transportation 1.6 Construction 1.7 Habitations

Sources

Anthropogenic sources include industry, agriculture, botany, mining, transportation, construction, habitations and deforestation. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Botany, plant science(s, phytology, or plant biology is a branch of Biology and is the scientific study of plant Life Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another In the fields of Architecture and Civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the Building or assembling of Infrastructure

Industry

• Release of gases and dust into the atmosphere.
• Waste disposal practices. Waste management is the collection Transport, processing, Recycling or disposal of Waste materials
• Air pollution, water pollution. Air pollution is the human introduction into the atmosphere of Chemicals Particulate matter, or Biological materials that cause harm or discomfort Water pollution is the contamination of Water bodies such as Lakes Rivers Oceans and Groundwater caused by human activities

Agriculture

• Conversion of woodlands into fields and pastures including slash-and-burn techniques. Slash and burn consists of cutting and burning of Forests or Woodlands to create fields for Agriculture or Pasture for Livestock, or
• Diversion of surface and groundwater.
• Ground water salinization due to inadequate drainage. Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil Salt affected soils are caused by excess accumulation of salts typically most pronounced at the soil surface
• Pollution of soil and water by chemicals found in fertilizer and pesticides. A chemical substance is a Material with a definite chemical composition. Fertilizers ( also spelt fertiliser are chemical compounds given to Plants to promote growth they are usually applied either through the soil for uptake by plant A pesticide is a substance or mixture of substances used to kill a pest.
• dirty or unclean water

Botany

• The human alteration of plants by breeding, selection, genetic engineering and tissue fusion (see cultigen)

Mining

• Removal of topsoil and creation of spoil piles. A cultigen is a plant that has been deliberately altered or selected by humans it is the result of Artificial selection.
• Diversion of groundwater by mine shafts. Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body
• Surface runoff bearing mining wastes. Surface runoff is a term used to describe when soil is infiltrated to full capacity and excess Water, from Rain, Snowmelt, or other sources flows
• Release of air pollution by refining processes. Air pollution is the human introduction into the atmosphere of Chemicals Particulate matter, or Biological materials that cause harm or discomfort Refining (also called affining) is the process of Purification of a substance.

Transportation

• Diversion of surface water flow by roadways. For Water masses on the surface of the world ocean see Surface water (ocean.
• Vehicular air pollution. Roadway air dispersion modeling is the study of Air pollutant transport from a roadway or other linear emitter
• Roadway noise, aircraft noise and transit noise. Roadway noise is the collective sound energy emanating from Motor vehicles In the USA it contributes more to environmental noise exposure than any other noise source and is Aircraft noise is defined as Sound produced by any aircraft or its components during various phases of a flight on the ground while parked such as auxiliary power

Construction

• Removal of natural habitats by grading and building
• Diversion of groundwater. A habitat (which is Latin for "it inhabits" is an Ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by a particular Species. Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations
• Filling in marshes, bays, swamps, ponds, stream beds. In Geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of Wetland which is subject Headlands and bays are two related features of the coastal environment A swamp is a Wetland featuring temporary or permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water A pond is a body of water smaller than a Lake, both being examples of Terrain features Although the term pond is universally used to describe waterbodies that A stream bed is the channel bottom of a Stream or River or creek the physical confine of the normal water flow

Habitations

• Concentration of human activities in discrete zones.
• Concentration of waste products, sewage, and debris.

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