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Saint Anselm of Lucca the Younger
Born 1036, Milan
Died March 18, 1086
Venerated in Roman Catholic Church
Feast
Patronage Mantua
Saints Portal

Saint Anselm of Lucca the Younger (Milan, 1036–March 18, 1086) was a prominent figure in the Investiture Controversy and in the fighting in Central Italy between the forces of Countess Matilda of Tuscany, the papal champion, and those of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Mantua (Màntova in the local dialect of Lombard language Mantua is a city in Lombardy, Italy and capital of the province of the Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest was an 11th century dispute between Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor and Pope Gregory VII over Matilda of Canossa ( Italian: Matilde, Latin: Mathilde; 1046 &ndash 24 July 1115) called la Gran Contessa Henry IV ( November 11, 1050 &ndash August 7, 1106) was King of Germany from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until

Anselm was a nephew of Anselm of Lucca the Elder, who became Pope Alexander II in 1061 and who designated Anselm to succeed him in his former position as Bishop of Lucca (1071) and sent him to Germany advising him to take investiture from Emperor Henry IV. Alexander II (died April 21, 1073) born Anselmo da Baggio, was Pope from 1061 to 1073 Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Henry IV ( November 11, 1050 &ndash August 7, 1106) was King of Germany from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until Alexander II, Anselm's brother or uncle, elevated him to the cardinalate. [1]

Anselm went to Germany, but was loath to receive the insignia of spiritual power from a temporal ruler and returned without investiture. Investiture, from the Latin (preposition in and verb vestire, 'dress' from vestis 'robe' is a rather general term for the formal installation of an In 1073, Pope Gregory VII, again appointed Anselm Bishop of Lucca, but advised him not to accept investure from Henry IV. Pope For some reason, Anselm did so this time, but soon felt such remorse that he resigned his bishopric, and entered the Benedictine Order at Padilirone, a Cluniac monastery near Mantua. Benedictine refers to the Spirituality and Consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in The Abbey of Cluny (or Cluni, or Clugny, pronunciation klyˈni is an abbey in France.

Gregory VII ordered him to return to Lucca, and he reluctantly obeyed, but continued to lead the life of a monk. In the years 1077–79, he accepted the transfer of several castles from Countess Matilda, in preparation for Henry's expected campaign, which was carried out in 1081–84. Meanwhile, he attempted to impose stricter monastic discipline upon the canons of his cathedral. A canon (from the Latin canonicus, itself derived from the Greek κανωνικος 'relating to a rule' is a priest who is a member of certain bodies of the Most of the canons refused to submit to the onerous new regulations, were excommunicated as a result and expelled him from Lucca in 1081, with the help of Emperor Henry and Guibert, Antipope Clement III, after the defeat of the great papal defender, the Countess Matilda of Tuscany at the battle of Volta Mantovana (October 1080). This article is about the Antipope Clement III see here for Pope Clement III. Matilda of Canossa ( Italian: Matilde, Latin: Mathilde; 1046 &ndash 24 July 1115) called la Gran Contessa Anselm fled first to the shelter of Moriana, an episcopal stronghold only a few miles up the Arno from Lucca— accompanied by Bardo, a priest who later wrote his vita—then retired to Canossa as spiritual guide to Countess Matilda. Canossa ( Province of Reggio Emilia) is a Comune and castle town in Emilia-Romagna, famous as the site where Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV did penance Bishop Benzo of Alba, Henry IV's fiercely partisan supporter, tells with delight how Matilda and Anselm stripped the monasteries to send gold and silver to Gregory in Rome [1].

Some time later Pope Victor III made him Papal Legate of Lombardy, with authorization to rule over all the dioceses which had been left without bishops due to the conflict between pope and emperor. Pope Victor III ( c.1026 &ndash 16 September 1087) born Daufer (Dauphar Latinised Dauferius, was the Pope (from A Papal Legate – from the Latin authentic Roman title Legatus – is a personal representative of the Pope to Foreign nations or to some part of the Catholic Lombardy (Lombardia Latin: Langobardia, Western Lombard: Lumbardìa, Eastern Lombard: Lombardia) is one of the His biographer Rangerius, who succeeded him as bishop of Lucca, ascribed to his prayers the rout of Matilda's forces and the other enemies of Gregory VII, which is why he is sometimes depicted in art as standing before an army in confusion.

Anselm was well versed in Scripture and wrote some important works attacking　lay investiture and defending Pope Gregory against Antipope Guibert. He spent his last years assembling a collection of ecclesiastical law canons in 13 books, which formed the earliest of the collections of canons (Collectio canonum) supporting the Gregorian reforms, which afterwards were incorporated into the well-known Decretum of the jurist Gratian. The Gregorian Reform was a series of reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII and the circle he formed in the papal curia, circa 1050&ndash1080 which dealt with the For other figures with this name see Gratian (disambiguation.

He died in Mantua on March 18, 1086, and is regarded as the patron saint of that city. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members A life of Anselm was written by his successor, Bishop Rangerius.

External links

References

  1. ^ Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "General list of Cardinals: XI Century (999-1099). "

Further reading

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