| Anophthalmia Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-10 | Q11.0-Q11.1 |
|---|---|
| DiseasesDB | 29617 |
| eMedicine | oph/572 |
Anophthalmia, also known as anophthalmos (Greek: ανόφθαλμος, "without eye"), is the congenital absence of one or both eyes. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify Diseases The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision ( ICD -10) is a coding of diseases and signs symptoms abnormal findings Q00-Q89 - Congenital malformations and deformations (Q00-Q07 Nervous system ( Anencephaly and similar malformations Q00-Q89 - Congenital malformations and deformations (Q00-Q07 Nervous system ( Anencephaly and similar malformations The Diseases Database is a free Website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions Symptoms, and Medications. eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely two medical doctors Eyes are organs that detect Light, and send signals along the Optic nerve to the visual areas of the brain
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Prevalence
True or primary anophthalmos is very rare. Only when there is complete absence of the ocular tissue within the orbit can the diagnosis of true anophthalmos be made. Extreme microphthalmos is seen more commonly. Microphthalmia (or microphthalmos) means small Eyes. Presentation In Mammals the failure of expression of a transcription factor MITF ( In this condition, a very small globe is present within the orbital soft tissue, which is not visible on initial examination.
There are three classifications for this condition.
- Primary anophthalmia is a complete absence of eye tissue due to a failure of the part of the brain that forms the eye.
- Secondary anophthalmia the eye starts to develop and for some reason stops, leaving the infant with only residual eye tissue or extremely tiny eyes which can only be seen under close examination.
- Degenerative anophthalmia the eye started to form and, for some reason, degenerated. One reason for this occurring could be a lack of blood supply to the eye.
Causes
Anophthalmia and microphthalmia may occur secondary to the arrest of development of the eye at various stages of growth of the optic vesicle. It is important to recognize microphthalmia because the development of the orbital region, as well as the lids and fornices, is dependent on the presence of a normal-sized eye in utero.
Treatments
Early treatment with various expanders or surgery, when necessary, will help decrease the orbital asymmetry and cosmetic deformities in these children.
External links
- Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia Resource Guide from the National Eye Institute (NEI).
- anophthalmia-ov at NIH/UW GeneTests
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