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| Ribbon diagram of a fragment of the membrane-binding domain of ankyrin 1. From PDB 1N11. The Protein Data Bank ( PDB) is a repository for 3-D structural data of Proteins and Nucleic acids These data typically obtained by X-ray crystallography | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | ANK1 |
| Alt. Ankyrin 1 erythrocytic, also known as ANK1, is a human Gene. Tissue distribution The Protein encoded by this gene Ankyrin 1 is the prototype Ankyrin 1 erythrocytic, also known as ANK1, is a human Gene. Tissue distribution The Protein encoded by this gene Ankyrin 1 is the prototype Symbols | ANK |
| Entrez | 286 |
| HUGO | 492 |
| OMIM | 182900 |
| RefSeq | NM_000037 |
| UniProt | P16157 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 8 p21.1-11.2 |
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ankyrin 2, neuronal
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| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | ANK2 |
| Alt. The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System is a powerful Federated search engine or Web portal that allows users to search many discrete Health sciences The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO is an organization involved in the Human Genome Project, a project about mapping the human genome The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a Database that catalogues all the known Diseases with a genetic component, and—when possible—links them The National Center for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM a branch of the National Institutes Swiss-Prot is a manually curated Biological database of Protein sequences In the fields of Genetics and Evolutionary computation, a locus (plural loci) is a fixed position on a Chromosome such as the position of a Chromosome 8 is one of the 23 pairs of Chromosomes in Humans People normally have two copies of this chromosome Symbols | LQT4 |
| Entrez | 287 |
| HUGO | 493 |
| OMIM | 106410 |
| RefSeq | NM_001148 |
| UniProt | Q01484 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 4 q25-q27 |
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ankyrin 3, node of Ranvier (ankyrin G)
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| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | ANK3 |
| Entrez | 288 |
| HUGO | 494 |
| OMIM | 600465 |
| RefSeq | NM_020987 |
| UniProt | Q12955 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 10 q21 |
Ankyrins are a family of proteins that mediates the attachment of integral membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton. The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System is a powerful Federated search engine or Web portal that allows users to search many discrete Health sciences The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO is an organization involved in the Human Genome Project, a project about mapping the human genome The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a Database that catalogues all the known Diseases with a genetic component, and—when possible—links them The National Center for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM a branch of the National Institutes Swiss-Prot is a manually curated Biological database of Protein sequences In the fields of Genetics and Evolutionary computation, a locus (plural loci) is a fixed position on a Chromosome such as the position of a Chromosome 4 is one of the 23 pairs of Chromosomes in Humans People normally have two copies of this chromosome The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System is a powerful Federated search engine or Web portal that allows users to search many discrete Health sciences The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO is an organization involved in the Human Genome Project, a project about mapping the human genome The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a Database that catalogues all the known Diseases with a genetic component, and—when possible—links them The National Center for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM a branch of the National Institutes Swiss-Prot is a manually curated Biological database of Protein sequences In the fields of Genetics and Evolutionary computation, a locus (plural loci) is a fixed position on a Chromosome such as the position of a Chromosome 10 is one of the 23 pairs of Chromosomes in Humans People normally have two copies of this chromosome An Integral Membrane Protein ( IMP) is a Protein Molecule (or assembly of proteins that is permanently attached to the Biological membrane. cytoskeleton (also CSK is a cellular " Scaffolding " or " Skeleton " contained within the Cytoplasm. [1]
Ankyrin 1, was first discovered in the erythrocytes but also later found to be expressed in the brain and muscles. Red blood cells are the most common type of Blood cell and the Vertebrate body's principal means of delivering Oxygen to the body tissues via the Blood In erythrocytes, Ankyrin 1 links membrane receptor CD44 to inositol triphosphate and the cytoskeleton. The CD44 Protein is a cell -surface Glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions cell adhesion and migration Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 145-trisphosphate (also commonly known as triphosphoinositol; abbreviated InsP3 or IP3 [2]
Ankyrin contains three functional domains: a conserved N-terminal ankyrin repeat domain (ARD) consisting of 22–24 tandem repeats of 33 amino acids, a spectrin binding domain and a variably sized C-terminal regulatory domain. A protein domain is a part of protein sequence and structure that can evolve, function and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or The ankyrin repeat is a 33-residue motif in Proteins consisting of two alpha helices separated by loops, first discovered in signaling Spectrin is a cytoskeletal Protein that lines the intracellular side of the Plasma membrane of many cell types in pentagonal or hexagonal arrangements The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal end, or A protein domain is a part of protein sequence and structure that can evolve, function and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain A single ankyrin repeat consists of a beta strand followed by two alpha helices and then another beta strand. A common motif in the Secondary structure of Proteins the alpha helix (α-helix is a right-handed coiled conformation resembling a spring, in which The beta strands on adjacent ankyrin repeats combine to form a short antiparallel beta sheet. The β sheet (also β-pleated sheet) is the second form of regular Secondary structure in Proteins consisting of beta strands connected laterally
Ankyrin was discovered by Dr. G. Vann Bennett (M. D. , PhD. ) in 1979. [3]
References
- ^ Hryniewicz-Jankowska A, Czogalla A, Bok E, Sikorsk AF (2002). "Ankyrins, multifunctional proteins involved in many cellular pathways". Folia Histochem Cytobiol 40 (3): 239–49. PMID 12219834.
- ^ Singleton PA, Bourguignon LY (2004). "CD44 interaction with ankyrin and IP3 receptor in lipid rafts promotes hyaluronan-mediated Ca2+ signaling leading to nitric oxide production and endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation". Exp Cell Res 295 (1): 102–18. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 15051494.
- ^ Bennett V, Stenbuck PJ (1979). "Identification and partial purification of ankyrin, the high affinity membrane attachment site for human erythrocyte spectrin". J Biol Chem 254 (7): 2533–41. PMID 372182.
External links
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