The Fontanka River at the Anichkov Bridge

The Anichkov Bridge (Russian: Аничков мост, Anichkov Most) is the first and most famous bridge across the Fontanka River in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Fontanka (Фонтанка is a left branch of the river Neva, which flows through the whole of Central Saint Petersburg, Russia. Fontanka (Фонтанка is a left branch of the river Neva, which flows through the whole of Central Saint Petersburg, Russia. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The current bridge, built in 1841-42 and reconstructed in 1906-08, combines a simple form with some spectacular decorations. As well as its four famous horse sculptures (1849-50), the bridge has some of the most celebrated ornate iron railings in Saint Petersburg. The structure is mentioned in the works of Pushkin, Gogol, and Dostoevsky. Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (Никола́й Васи́льевич Го́голь Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol;; Микола Васильович Гоголь Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky,

History

The first bridge was built in 1715-16 by order of Peter the Great, and named after its engineer, Mikhail Anichkov. The bridge was made of wood with several spans built on piles of supports lying just above the Fontanka River. Nothing remains of this first bridge.

As the city grew and river traffic increased, plans were unveiled in 1721 to create a new drawbridge. A drawbridge is a type of Movable bridge typically associated with the entrance of a Castle. The Anichkov Bridge was one of seven three-span stone drawbridges with towers built across the Fontanka River in the late 18th century, of which the Lomonosov Bridge and the Stary Kalinkin Bridge are the two still extant. Lomonosov Bridge ( Russian: Мост Ломоносова) across the Fontanka River is the best preserved of towered Movable bridges that At that time, the Anichkov Bridge was an especially popular attraction on Nevsky Prospekt, as well as a popular subject for illustrations and paintings. Nevsky Prospekt (Не́вский проспе́кт or the Nevsky Avenue, is the main street in the city of St Petersburg.

View across the bridge towards Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace (1850s). Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace (also known before the Revolution as the Palace of the Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna, the Sergei Palace, and the

By the 1840s the 18th-century design, especially its large towers, was deemed unsuitable for the growing amount of traffic passing over the Anichkov Bridge along Nevsky Prospekt. In 1841-42 a grander structure, more appropriate to the width of Nevsky Prospekt, was built on the site under the supervision of Lt. General A. D. Gotman. The new bridge was made of stone, and had three spans closed off with gently sloping arches. This simple, concise form corresponded well with the massive cast-iron fencing bordering Anichkov Bridge and mermaid cast-iron railings, originally designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel for the Palace Bridge in Berlin. Karl Friedrich Schinkel ( March 13, 1781 – October 9, 1841) was a German Architect Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. However, the bridge's stone arches were a continual source of problems, and in 1906-08 the bridge had once again to be reconstructed and its arches reinforced.

The Horse Tamers

The most impressive aspect of Anichkov Bridge is the group of four bronze neoclassical sculptures of naked men taming horses, The Horse Tamers, designed by the Russian sculptor, Baron Peter Klodt von Urgensburg. Baron Peter Clodt von Jürgensburg, known in Russian as Pyotr Karlovich Klodt (Пётр Карлович Клодт 1805—1867 was a favourite sculptor of They rank among the city's most recognizable landmarks. The theme derives from the colossal Roman marbles, often identified with the Dioscuri, prominently sited on the Quirinal Hill, Rome. For the stars see Castor (star and Pollux (star, for the sculptural group in the Prado Museum, see Castor and Pollux (Prado, and for The Quirinal Hill (Latin Collis Quirinalis) is one of the Seven Hills of Rome, at the north-east of the city center Guillaume Coustou's baroque marble horse tamers for Marly-le-Roi, the Chevaux de Marly, were resited at the opening to the Champs-Elysées, Paris, at the Revolution. See also Guillaume Coustou the Younger, nephew of Guillaume the Elder Guillaume Coustou the Elder ( November 29, 1677, Marly-le-Roi is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. The Avenue des Champs-Élysées (ʃɑ̃zeliˈze) is the most prestigious avenue in Paris.

The St Petersburg sculptures have an interesting history. Prior to 1851, when the definitive versions were installed in the bridge, Tsar Nicholas I had given two of them to Prussian King Frederick William IV in 1842, and the other two had been sent in 1846 to Naples as a sign of gratitude for the hospitality shown to the Tsar during his trip there (see here and here). Life Frederick William was educated by private tutors many of whom were experienced civil servants such as Friedrich Ancillon. Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the "Petersburg lore tells of Peter Klodt's death immediately upon embarrassing discovery that tongues had been omitted on two of the four sculptural horses"^[1]. Another urban legend has it that Klodt depicted his powerful enemy's face under the tail of one of the bronze stallions. An urban legend or urban myth is a form of modern Folklore consisting of stories thought to be factual by those circulating them

In 1941, during the Second World War, when the bridge came under heavy fire from German artillery, the sculptures were removed from their platforms and buried in the nearby Anichkov Palace garden. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Anichkov Palace ( Russian: Аничков дворец, Anichkov dvorets) is a former imperial Palace in Saint Petersburg, at the intersection The bridge suffered serious damage during the war, but has been fully restored. As a memorial, the pedestal of one of the statues retains the effects of artillery fire, with a plaque explaining this to passersby. Prior to the tercentenary of Saint Petersburg, the statues were removed from the bridge again and underwent thorough restoration.

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