Mixed herd of Black and Red Angus

Angus cattle is a term that refers, in much of the world (though not in the United States), to either or both (collectively) of two types of naturally hornless cattle. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domesticated Ungulates a member of the Subfamily Bovinae of the family Since the 1950s, these types have been regarded in the United States as separate breeds; they are:

• Black Angus, which refers to the original Scottish breed's coloration; these are usually referred to in the United States simply as Angus
• Red Angus, originally a breed resulting from the breeding of red cattle (imported into Britain from mainland Europe) with the original black Scottish stock, and now also referring to animals that sometimes occur in black herds as throwbacks, which are then collected by specialist breeders. Red Angus is a red coloured breed of Beef cattle selected from the American population of Aberdeen Angus cattle

Aberdeen Angus is the original name of the black breed, which was developed in Scotland from aboriginal cattle native to the counties Aberdeenshire and Angus^[1], and the term is still in use in the United Kingdom, Europe, and other parts of the world, but no longer widely in the United States. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Aberdeenshire or the County of Aberdeen ( Siorrachd Obar Dheathain in Gaelic) is a Registration county of Scotland. Angus ( Aonghas in Gaelic) is one of the 32 local government Council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

Angus cattle are naturally polled and solid black, although white may appear on the udder. Polled livestock (or pollards) are Livestock of normally-horned species that are lacking horns either naturally or as a result of humans removing them Black is the Color of objects that do not emit or Reflect Light in any part of the Visible spectrum; they absorb all such frequencies of White is a Color, the perception which is evoked by Light that stimulates all three types of color sensitive Cone cells in the Human eye An Udder is the mammary organ of Female Cattle and some other Mammals including Goats and Sheep. Black Angus are the most popular beef breed of cattle in the United States with 324,266 animals registered in 2005. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^{[2] [3]}

History

Angus calf with its mother

Scotland

For some time before the 1800s the hornless cattle in Aberdeenshire and Angus were called Angus doddies. Hugh Watson can be considered the founder of the breed; he was instrumental in selecting the best black, polled animals for his herd. His favorite bull was Old Jock [126], who was born 1842 and sired by Grey-Breasted Jock. Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Old Jock was given the number "1" in the Scotch Herd Book when it was founded. Another of Watson's notable animals was a cow, Old Granny [125], which was born in 1824 and said to have lived to 35 years of age and to have produced 29 calves. Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The vast majority of Angus cattle alive today can trace their pedigrees back to these two animals. ^[4]

United States

On May 17, 1873, George Grant brought four Angus bulls to Victoria, Kansas. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Victoria is a city in Ellis County, Kansas, United States. The population was 1208 at the 2000 census. Kansas ( is a Midwestern state in the central region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the American " He took the bulls to the fair in Kansas City where they were the topic of much conversation at a time when Shorthorns and Longhorns were the norm. Kansas City Missouri only Items for the metro area Kansas City Kansas or North Kansas City MO should go on their respective pages The Shorthorn breed of Cattle originated in the North East of England in the late 18th century Longhorn cattle are a traditional long-horned brown and white breed of Beef cattle originating from Craven in the north of England. The black hornless animals were often called "freaks" by those who saw them. The bulls were used only in crossbreeding and have no registered progeny today. However, their offspring left a favorable impression on the cattlemen of the time and soon more Angus cattle were imported from Scotland to form purebred herds. In Biology, offspring are the product of Reproduction, a new Organism produced by one or more Parents Collective offspring may be known ^[5]

On November 21, 1883, the American Aberdeen Angus Association was founded in Chicago, Illinois. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. ^[6] (The name was shortened in the 1950s to the American Angus Association. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive ) Its first herd book was published on March 1, 1885. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[5] At this time both red and black animals were registered without distinction. However, in 1917 the American Angus Association barred the registering of red and other colored animals in an effort to promote a solid black breed. ^[7] Red Angus cattle occur as the result of a recessive gene. Red Angus is a red coloured breed of Beef cattle selected from the American population of Aberdeen Angus cattle Breeders collecting red cattle from black herds began the Red Angus Association of America in 1954. The Red Angus Association of America ( RAAA) was formed in 1954 by seven breeders of reds cropped from best black Aberdeen Angus herds in America. Other countries such as the United Kingdom and Canada still register both colors in the same herd book. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

Uses

Angus cattle grazing.

Angus cattle are hardy, undemanding, and adaptable; they mature at around two years of age, and have a high carcass yield with marbled meat. Marbled meat is meat especially Red meat, which contains various amounts of Intramuscular fat, giving it an appearance similar to a marble pattern They are good natured in comparison to several breeds, but are more aggressive than some breeds such as the Hereford. Hereford Cattle are a widely used breed in Temperate areas mainly for beef production Angus are used as beef cattle and are not used for milk intended for human consumption. Beef cattle are Cattle raised for Meat production (as distinguished from Dairy cattle) Milk is an opaque white liquid produced by the Mammary glands of female Mammals (including Monotremes. They are used widely in crossbreeding to improve marbling and milking ability. A crossbreed or crossbred usually refers to an animal with Purebred parents of two different breeds varieties or populations Milking is the act of removing Milk from the Mammary glands of an animal typically cows ( Cattle) and Goats A rarely used term for the milking Angus females calve easily (i. e. give birth without much stress), partly because of the small size of a typical Angus calf, and have good calf rearing ability. They are also used as a genetic dehorner as the polled gene is passed on as a dominant trait. Polled livestock (or pollards) are Livestock of normally-horned species that are lacking horns either naturally or as a result of humans removing them A trait is a distinct phenotypic character of an organism that may be inherited environmentally determined or somewhere in between ^[8]

During the latter part of 2003 and the early part of 2004, the American fast food industry assisted in a public relations campaign to promote the supposedly superior quality of beef produced from Angus cattle (“Angus beef”). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Fast food is the term given to food that can be prepared and served very quickly Public relations (PR is the practice of managing the flow of Information between an Organization and its Publics Public relations - often referred Burger King's Angus Burger was the first such large scale product sold in the US and Canada. Burger King ( often abbreviated to In 2006 it was introduced in the UK, Ireland and Spain and several Asian markets. Angus burgers are also menu items for chains such as Hardee's and Canadian-based Harveys. Hardee's is an American Fast-food restaurant chain located mostly in the Midwest United States and Southeast regions Beginning in 2006, McDonalds began testing hamburgers made with Angus beef at a number of its restaurants in several regions in the US; the company said that customer response to the burgers was positive. ^[9]

The American Angus Association set up the "Certified Angus Beef" brand in 1978. The goal of this brand was to promote the idea that Angus beef was of higher quality than beef from other breeds of cattle. Cattle are eligible for "Certified Angus Beef" evaluation if they are at least 51% black and exhibit Angus influence. However, they must meet all 10 of the following criteria, which were refined in January 2007 to further enhance product consistency, to be labeled "Certified Angus Beef" by USDA Graders:

^[10]

• Modest or higher degree of marbling
• Medium or fine marbling texture
• "A" maturity
• 10- to 16-square-inch ribeye area
• Less than 1,000-pound hot carcass weight
• Less than 1-inch fat thickness
• Moderately thick or thicker muscling
• No hump on the neck exceeding 5 cm (2 inches)
• Practically free of capillary rupture
• No dark cutting characteristics

See also

• Red Angus Association of America
• American Angus Association
• Kobe beef

Breed Associations

Unless otherwise stated, the associations below register both red and black beasts. The Red Angus Association of America ( RAAA) was formed in 1954 by seven breeders of reds cropped from best black Aberdeen Angus herds in America. The American Angus Association was founded in Chicago Illinois, in 1883 with 60 members refers to Beef from the black Tajima-ushi breed of Wagyu cattle raised according to strict tradition in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan

USA:

• American Angus Association - responsible for black Angus registrations, but does not register red Angus cattle.
• Red Angus Association - responsible for red Angus registrations, and will also register black Angus cattle.
• A*L*O*T Angus Association (Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas) -- caters for the owners of black Angus beasts only.
• Iowa Angus Association -- caters for the owners of black Angus beasts only.
• Miami Valley Angus Association -- caters for the owners of black Angus beasts only.
• Texas Angus Association -- caters for the owners of black Angus beasts only.

Rest of the world:

• Official website of the Aberdeen Angus Cattle Society
• The Angus Society of Australia
• Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association
• Ontario Angus Association (Canada)
• Danish Aberdeen Angus Association
• New Zealand Angus Association
• Angus Portugal

References

External links

• Certified Angus Beef Program
• History of the Angus cattle - Oklahoma State University
• Angus Breed Information - Cattle. com
• Breeds of Cattle – Official 2nd Edition

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