The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism describe people, groups, ideas, customs and practices within Anglicanism that emphasise continuity with Catholic tradition. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs Although the English Reformation had some Protestant roots, there have always been Anglicans who identify themselves closely with traditional Catholic thought and practice. The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th century England by which the Church of England first broke away from the authority of the Pope Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. These days many such Anglicans, especially in England, prefer the terms Anglican Catholic or Catholic Anglican.
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Background
The concept of Anglo-Catholicism as a distinct subgroup or branch of Anglicanism came to prominence in the Church of England during the Victorian era under the influence of the Oxford Movement or "Tractarians". The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Culture The Victorian fascination with novelty resulted in a deep interest in the relationship between modernity and cultural continuities The Oxford Movement or Tractarianism was an affiliation of High Church Anglicans, most of whom were members of the University of Oxford, who sought
Anglo-Catholics claim historical continuity of the Church of England (and those constituent Churches derived from it through Apostolic Succession — see Anglican Communion) with Orthodox and Catholic Christianity, and hence uphold a "high" concept of the episcopate and of the nature of the sacraments (or Sacred Mysteries). The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican See also Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is an international association of national Anglican churches The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world As a Christian Ecclesiastical term Catholic —from the Greek adjective, meaning "general" or "universal"—is described " High Church " relates to Ecclesiology and Liturgy in Anglican theology and practice The episcopate is the collective body of all Bishops of a church A sacrament, as defined in Hexam's Concise Dictionary of Religion is "a Rite in which God is uniquely active The term sacred mysteries generally denotes the area of Supernatural phenomena associated with a Divinity or a religious ideology. According to The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, the existence of such a school goes back to the Elizabethan Age; it flourished under the Stuarts, and came into prominence again with the Oxford Movement. Romance and reality The Victorian era and the early twentieth century idealised the Elizabethan era The House of Stuart or Stewart was a Royal house of the Kingdom of Scotland, later also of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of The Oxford Movement or Tractarianism was an affiliation of High Church Anglicans, most of whom were members of the University of Oxford, who sought
In the early 19th century, various factors caused misgivings among English Churchmen, including the decline of Church life and the spread of laxity in theology in the Church of England. The government's plan to suppress ten Irish bishoprics in 1833 inspired a sermon from John Keble in the University Church in Oxford regarded as the beginning of the Oxford Movement. John Keble ( 25 April 1792 – 29 March 1866) was an English churchman one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, The Oxford Movement or Tractarianism was an affiliation of High Church Anglicans, most of whom were members of the University of Oxford, who sought The chief objective of the Oxford Movement was the defence of the Church of England as a divine institution, of the doctrine of the Apostolic Succession and of the Book of Common Prayer as a rule of faith. The Book of Common Prayer is the common title of a number of prayer books of the Church of England and used throughout the Anglican Communion. The key idea was that the Anglican Church was not a Protestant denomination but a branch of the "Church Catholic" (along with the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodoxy) since, it was argued, it had preserved the Apostolic Succession of priests and bishops and thus the Catholic sacraments. See also Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is an international association of national Anglican churches Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Branch Theory is a theological concept within Anglicanism, holding that the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches and the Anglican Communion These arguments were spread by a series of "Tracts for the Times," hence the movement became known as "Tractarianism". The Oxford Movement or Tractarianism was an affiliation of High Church Anglicans, most of whom were members of the University of Oxford, who sought
The Oxford Movement in the Church of England aimed at restoring High Church principles. The leaders of the movement were John Keble, John Henry Newman and Edward Bouverie Pusey. John Keble ( 25 April 1792 – 29 March 1866) was an English churchman one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, Family John Henry Newman was born in London and was the eldest son of John Newman (d Edward Bouverie Pusey ( 22 August 1800 - 16 September, 1882) was an English churchman and Regius Professor of Hebrew It soon gained influential support, but it was also attacked by the latitudinarians within the university and by bishops. Latitudinarian was initially a pejorative term applied to a group of 17th-century English Theologians who believed in conforming to official Church of England Within the movement there gradually arose a much smaller party which tended towards submission to Rome. After the censure by the Convocation of Oxford in 1845 of a book by W. G. Ward, and again after the Gorham Case in 1850, there were a number of conversions to the Roman Catholic Church. William George Ward ( March 21, 1812 - July 6, 1882) was an English Roman Catholic theologian and Mathematician George Cornelius Gorham ( August 21, 1787 &ndash June 19, 1857) was a priest in the Church of England who caused some controversy But the majority remained in the Church of England and, despite hostility in the press and in the government, the movement spread. Its influence was exercised in the sphere of worship and ceremonial, in the social sphere (the slum settlements were among its notable achievements), and in the restoration of the religious life in the Church of England and many parts of the Anglican Communion.
However, despite the great effect of the movement, its theological basis, that the Anglican Church is a branch of the "Church Catholic" with valid Apostolic succession and sacraments, has always been subject to attack by other churches. A sacrament, as defined in Hexam's Concise Dictionary of Religion is "a Rite in which God is uniquely active Neither the Roman Catholic Church nor the Eastern Orthodox Churches accept the branch theory of the Church - each claims itself to be the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church. Branch Theory is a theological concept within Anglicanism, holding that the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches and the Anglican Communion The Four Marks of the Church, sometimes referred to as the Marks of the Church or the Marks of the True Church, are a group of four characteristics describing the Historical research in recent years has emphasised aspects of a Protestant self-consciousness of the Post-Henry VIII English Reformation, a consciousness which was dominant from Elizabeth I's reign until the Oxford Movement. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of The original Anglican Ordinal, which deleted any reference to the central priestly function, was the grounds for Pope Leo XIII declaring in the 1896 papal bull Apostolicae Curae that the Anglican Church did not have valid orders, and thus did not have the Catholic sacraments. Pope Leo XIII ( March 2, 1810 – July 20, 1903) born Count Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, was the 256th Pope A Papal bull is a particular type of Letters patent or charter issued by a Pope. However, today all Anglican bishops having been consecrated in succession with either Old Catholic or Orthodox episcopal lines, are recognised as valid by the Roman Catholic Church. The Old Catholic Church is a Christian denomination originating with churches (many of them German -speaking that split from the Roman Catholic Church in For their part, Orthodox Churches do not recognise any ordination outside of their Churches and as such do not ordain persons outside their own churches.
Opposition to Anglo-Catholicism has existed within Anglicanism since the movement's inception. The large Evangelical, Low Church party in the Anglican Church emphasises what it sees as the essentially Protestant nature of the Anglicanism. Evangelicalism is a theological movement tradition and system of beliefs most closely associated with Protestant Christianity, which identifies with the Gospel Low church is a term of distinction in the Church of England or other Anglican churches initially designed to be pejorative These Evangelicals argue that Catholic doctrines are merely private opinions rather than official doctrines of the Anglican tradition, unlike in the Roman Catholic Church where these doctrines are official and binding, taught by apostolic authority and tradition. Considerations of this kind led the Oxford Movement's intellectual leader, John Henry Newman, to convert to the Roman Catholic Church, as many other Anglo-Catholics have done since. Family John Henry Newman was born in London and was the eldest son of John Newman (d
Practices and beliefs
Anglo-Catholic people and churches are usually identified by their liturgical practices and ornaments. The "six points" of the Oxford Movement's Eucharistic practice were the use of Eucharistic vestments, eastward celebration (the priest facing in the same direction as do the congregation), the use of unleavened bread, the mixing of water into the wine, and the use of incense and candles. Vestments are liturgical garments and articles associated primarily with the Christian religions especially the Latin Rite and other Roman Catholics Many other traditional Catholic practices are used in Anglo-Catholic liturgical ceremonies such as Eucharistic adoration and devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary, particularly under her title of Our Lady of Walsingham. Eucharistic adoration is a practice in the Roman Catholic Church and in some Anglican churches in which the Blessed Sacrament is exposed to and adored This ecumenical article is about general Christian views on and veneration of the Virgin Mary Our Lady of Walsingham is a title used for Mary mother of Jesus. Anglo-Catholic liturgical practices (sometimes called 'Ritualism', though many Anglo-Catholics resent the term) were a particular source of controversy in the nineteenth century, especially in England where Parliament was asked to legislate against certain practices. this article is on the Anglican church in particular See Orthopraxis for ritualism in general Many Anglo-Catholic "innovations" (or, rather, revivals of dormant practices) have, however, since become accepted by most mainstream Anglicans.
What Anglo-Catholics believe is highly debated, sometimes even among people who identify themselves as such. In agreement with the Oriental Orthodox Churches and Eastern Orthodox Churches, Anglo-Catholics — along with Old-Catholics and Lutherans — generally rest their case on the authority of Vincentian orthodoxy. Oriental Orthodoxy is the communion of Eastern Christian Churches that recognize only three Ecumenical councils — the First Council of Nicaea, the The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world The Old Catholic Church is a Christian denomination originating with churches (many of them German -speaking that split from the Roman Catholic Church in Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther This canon of St Vincent of Lerins is accepted as the rudder for divining the Catholic and Apostolic Faith of the undivided Church: "What everywhere, what always, and what by all of us has been credited, that is truly and properly Catholic. Saint Vincent of Lérins (in Latin, Vincentius) was a Gallic author of early Christian writings "
The Anglican Thirty-Nine Articles make distinctions between Anglican and Roman Catholic understandings of doctrine. The Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion were established in 1563 and are the historic defining statements of Anglican doctrine in relation to the controversies of the As the Articles were purposely written in such a way as to be open to a wide range of interpretation, Anglo-Catholics have defended Catholic practices and beliefs as being consistent with them. Due to the Articles' harsh tone, however, they have generally not been held in high regard by most Anglo-Catholics. Anglo-Catholic priests often hear private confessions and anoint the sick, regarding these practices, as do Roman Catholics, as sacraments; whereas more Reformed or Protestant-minded Anglicans generally think of them merely as optional sacramental rites. A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities The confession of one's Sins is a religious practice important to many faiths e Anointing of the Sick is distinguished from other forms of religious Anointing or "unction" (an older term with the same meaning in that it is intended as its name A sacrament, as defined in Hexam's Concise Dictionary of Religion is "a Rite in which God is uniquely active (The classic Anglican aphorism regarding private confession is "All may, none must, some should. ")
Anglo-Catholics share with Roman Catholics a belief in the sacramental nature of the priesthood, the sacrificial character of the Mass, and the Real Presence of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine of the Eucharist, and lay great stress on these points to counter the tendency of some Evangelical Anglicans promoting ideas such as lay presidency at the Eucharist. The Mass is the Eucharistic celebration in the Latin liturgical rites of the Roman Catholic Church. The Real Presence is the term various Christian traditions use to express their belief that in the Eucharist, Jesus Christ is really present in what was The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those A minority of Anglo-Catholics also encourage priestly celibacy. Clerical celibacy is the practice in various religious traditions, in which Clergy, Monastics and those (of either sex in religious orders adopt a
Since the 1970s at least Anglo-Catholicism has been fracturing in two directions, though these tensions can possibly be traced back to Bishop Charles Gore's work in the 19th century. Charles Gore (born 1853 in Wimbledon; died January 17 (though usually commemorated on January 23) 1932 was an English divine and Anglican The Oxford Movement had been inspired in the first place by a rejection of liberalism and latitudinarianism in favour of holding to the traditional faith of the "Church Catholic", defined by the teachings of the Church Fathers and the doctrines in common of Western Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal Latitudinarian was initially a pejorative term applied to a group of 17th-century English Theologians who believed in conforming to official Church of England The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, or Fathers of the Church are the early and influential theologians and writers in the Christian Church Thus until the 1970s most Anglo-Catholics, emphasising the need to stay in line with tradition and the doctrines of Rome and the East, would have rejected such innovations as the possibility of women receiving Holy Orders. In a general sense the term Holy Orders refers to those in the Christian religion who have been ordained in Apostolic Succession. However, Gore's work, bearing the mark of liberal Protestant higher criticism, paved the way for an alternative form of Anglo-Catholicism influenced by liberal theology. Thus, in recent years, many Anglo-Catholics have accepted the ordination of women. In general religious use Ordination is the process by which a person is consecrated (set apart for the administration of various religious rites Many Anglo-Catholics have also embraced other aspects of liberalism such as the use of inclusive language in Bible translations and the liturgy and, more recently, progressive Anglican views of homosexuality. Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal Political correctness (adjectivally politically correct; both forms commonly abbreviated to PC) is a term applied to Language, ideas policies or behavior Issues concerning Homosexuality are controversial in the Anglican Communion. Such Anglicans often refer to themselves as Liberal Catholics.
Thus today there are two principal strands of Anglo-Catholicism. The 'traditional' style seeks to maintain tradition and to keep doctrine in line with that of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, and often allies with low-church Evangelicals to defend traditional teachings on sexual morality. The main organisation in the Church of England and elsewhere that opposes the ordination of women as priests and bishops, Forward in Faith, is largely composed of Anglo-Catholics. Forward in Faith (FiF is a movement operating in a number of provinces of the Anglican Communion. Many other traditional Anglo-Catholics have left official Anglicanism to form "continuing Anglican churches" such as the Traditional Anglican Communion. Continuing Anglican is a term used for a number of Christian churches which follow what they believe to be more traditional Anglican belief and worship The Traditional Anglican Communion (TAC is an international communion of churches in the Anglican tradition that are independent of the Anglican Communion and the Others have left Anglicanism altogether for the Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox Churches, in the belief that liberal doctrinal innovations in the Anglican Church have resulted in Anglicanism no longer being a true branch of the "Church Catholic". The more "progressive" or "liberal" style of Anglo-Catholicism is represented by Affirming Catholicism, an organisation in favour of the ordination of women as deacons, priests, and bishops. Affirming Catholicism is a movement operating in several provinces of the Anglican Communion, most notably in the UK, Ireland, the United States
A minority of Anglo-Catholics, sometimes called Anglo-Papalists, consider themselves under Papal supremacy even though they are not in full communion with Rome. The term Anglo-Papalism (or Anglican Papalism) is probably an American Neologism. Such Anglo-Catholics, especially in England, often celebrate Mass according to the contemporary Roman Rite and are concerned with seeking reunion with the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. This article is about the post-Vatican-II changes to the Mass for an explanation of the current structure of the Mass see Mass (Catholic Church.
Various liturgical strands of Anglo-Catholicism also exist, variously based on the Sarum Rite, or the Tridentine or Modern Roman rites. The Sarum Rite was a variant of the Roman Rite widely used for the ordering of Christian public worship including the Mass or Eucharist The Tridentine Mass (Missa Tridentina is the form of the Roman Rite Mass contained in the typical editions of the Roman Missal that were published This article is about the post-Vatican-II changes to the Mass for an explanation of the current structure of the Mass see Mass (Catholic Church. A preference for contemporary or traditional Elizabethan language varies within the movement.
Within Anglicanism three terms are frequently used - not always entirely correctly - to denote styles of worship: High Church, Low Church, Broad Church (or Latitudinarian). " High Church " relates to Ecclesiology and Liturgy in Anglican theology and practice Low church is a term of distinction in the Church of England or other Anglican churches initially designed to be pejorative Broad Church is a term referring to Latitudinarian Churchmanship in the Church of England, in particular and Anglicanism, in general Latitudinarian was initially a pejorative term applied to a group of 17th-century English Theologians who believed in conforming to official Church of England
- "High Church" is generally used to describe Anglicanism within a moderate to advanced Catholic tradition.
- "Low Church" is used for Anglicans of a more Evangelical tradition who, like Reformed or Protestant Christians, emphasise belief in the primacy of scripture and salvation by grace through faith alone. The Reformed churches are a group of Christian Protestant Denominations formally characterized by a similar Calvinist system of doctrine historically Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Evangelical Anglicans usually (with the notable exception of the Australian Diocese of Sydney) worship according to official prayer books but with much less ceremonial. The Diocese of Sydney, in the Anglican Church of Australia, is unusual in that the majority of the diocese is Evangelical and Low church in tradition and The Sydney diocese does not mandate the use of any prayer book and worship services in its parishes are often considerably at variance with the shape of traditional Anglican liturgies.
- The term "Broad Church" (or 'Middle-of-the Road') is sometimes used for Anglicans somewhere between the "high" and "low" traditions and who stress the comprehensive nature of Anglicanism. Broad Church is a term referring to Latitudinarian Churchmanship in the Church of England, in particular and Anglicanism, in general
History
Anglo-Catholicism claims continuity with the early days of Christianity in Great Britain. Pope Gregory the Great sent St Augustine in the late 6th century from Rome to evangelise the Anglo-Saxon English, a process completed in the 7th century. It is commonly thought that the conversion of the English marked the beginning of Christianity in Britain. The history of Christianity in England from the Roman departure to the Norman Conquest is often told as one of conflict between the Celtic Christianity However, it should be noted that the Romano-Celtic society which existed in Britain prior to the arrival of the pagan Germanic tribes from Denmark and northern Germany was already substantially Christian. There are, for example, around forty churches still in use today which were already, either entirely or in part, in existence prior to the arrival of the English.
When the Reformation broke out on the European Continent, the tide swept up England as well. King Henry VIII took England into schism from Rome when the Pope refused to declare null his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, but retained Catholic views in theology and liturgy, while some reformers (such as Bishops Ridley and Latimer) wanted to follow the radical reforms of Geneva. Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536 also known as Catharine, Katherine or Katharine ( Castilian Infanta Catalina Nicholas Ridley (died October 16, 1555) was an English Clergyman. Latimer's belief in Christ's return Hugh Latimer said "It may come in my days old as I am or in my children's days the saints shall be taken up to meet Christ in the air All reforms were reversed, briefly, during the reign of the staunchly Roman Catholic Mary I who resumed communion with Rome as part of a general campaign to end the Reformation in England and Wales. Consequently when Queen Elizabeth I took the English throne, she sought to steer a via media between what her bishops felt were the excesses of Rome, on the one hand, and those of Geneva, on the other. Thus was born the Elizabethan Settlement, and the promulgation of a single Book of Common Prayer, for whatever theological party was to use it within the Anglican Church. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was Elizabeth I ’s response to the religious divisions created over the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary The Book of Common Prayer is the common title of a number of prayer books of the Church of England and used throughout the Anglican Communion. This marks the birth of a special ethos for the Anglican Church. See also Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is an international association of national Anglican churches This ethos, peculiar to Anglicanism, was championed by the Elizabethan divine, Richard Hooker. Romance and reality The Victorian era and the early twentieth century idealised the Elizabethan era Richard Hooker (March 1554 – 3 November 1600) was an Anglican priest and an influential theologian.
From that time, through Archbishop Laud and the Caroline divines, up to the time of the Oxford Movement Tractarians, and the Anglo-Catholic Congresses, to the present day, there has always been a theological party within Anglicanism which has sought to stress apostolic continuity all the way back to the Apostle Philip, although the movements before the Oxford Movement were self-consciously Protestant. Archbishop William Laud (7 October 1573 - 10 January 1645 was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633 to 1645 The Caroline Divines were influential theologians and writers in the Anglican Church who lived during the reigns of King Charles I and after the Restoration In response to Pope Leo XIII's Apostolicae Curae (1896), which declared the Anglican apostolic succession invalid, the Anglican Archbishops of Canterbury and York have claimed, starting with their official response, Saepius Officio, that there is an unbroken apostolic succession in the Anglican priesthood, and that the historical episcopate has been in the British Isles from the earliest days of the Church. Pope Leo XIII ( March 2, 1810 – July 20, 1903) born Count Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, was the 256th Pope Canterbury ( ˈkæntəbɹ̩i is a City in eastern Kent in the South East region of England. York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The episcopate is the collective body of all Bishops of a church Rome usually does not dispute the latter point, inasmuch as the Catholic Church has continued to exist in the British Isles, even under Puritan and Anglican persecution. The British Isles (Irish variously Na hOileáin Bhriotanacha, Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa, Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór; Ellanyn Goaldagh Eileanan Rather, the Roman Catholic Church maintains that this apostolic succession was broken by the use of the Ordinal of King Edward VI, which deletes all reference to the central priestly function and deliberately was designed to contain no indication of the "fullness of the ministry", specific tasks of the Catholic bishop or the "high priesthood", which the Holy See considers essential. Edward VI (12 October 1537 &ndash 6 July 1553 became King of England and Ireland on 28 January 1547 and was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine The Romans assume that their point of view, based on Late Medieval sacramental theory, is valid for all periods of church history. In their refutation the Archbishops of Canterbury and York pointed out, amongst other matters, that no such priestly functions or sacramental theology were event in the Papal ordinations rites of the 9th and 10th centuries, which would render their ordinations invalid as well using the same criteria aimed at the Anglicans.
Anglo-Catholicism has been weakened at regular intervals by secessions by its prominent leaders to the Roman Catholic Church or occasionally to the Eastern Orthodox Churches, among whom was John Henry Newman, the later Cardinal. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world Family John Henry Newman was born in London and was the eldest son of John Newman (d A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. Moments of crisis provoking such defections include the (narrowly avoided) condemnation of Tract 90 in 1841, the ritualistic controversy and the Public Worship Regulation Act of 1874, the Prayer Book controversy of 1927-28, and more recently decisions by many Anglican provinces to proceed to the ordination of women priests. Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-Nine Articles is the most famous and the most controversial of the Tracts for the Times (from which the term The Public Worship Regulation Act 1874 (37 & 38 Vict c85 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, introduced as a Private Member's Bill by
In recent years, elements of Anglo-Catholicism have been accepted within Lutheranism by the Evangelical Community Church-Lutheran, however within the context of Luther's justification teachings and deletion of certain doctrines of the Catholic Church on the Eucharist. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther The Anglo-Lutheran Catholic Church (ALCC, formerly the Evangelical Community Church-Lutheran (ECCL is a Church in the Lutheran Evangelical Catholic tradition The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those
Examples
See also
- Continuing Anglican Movement
- Anglicanism
- Anglican Breviary
- Anglican Communion
- Anglican devotional society
- Anglican Missal
- Anglican sacraments
- Anglican Service Book
- Broad Church
- Catholicism
- Church of England
- English Missal
- Evangelical Catholic
- High Church
- High Church Lutheranism
- Liturgical Movement
- Low Church
- Neo-Lutheranism
- Our Lady of Walsingham
- Ritualism
External links
- YouTube video of Anglo-Catholic worship
- Anglican Catholic Christianity Various links and resources
- Anglo-Catholic Central Lists of parishes, dioceses, orders and societies
- Society for Sacramental Mission (Anglo-Catholic Mission)
- Anglican texts at Project Canterbury
- Affirming Catholicism website
- Anglican Breviary
- Anglican Religious Communities
- Anglo-Catholic Socialism website
- A Guide to Solemn High Mass
- What is Anglo-Catholicism?
- What is an Anglo-Catholic Parish?
- The Anglo-Catholic Vision
- Knott Missal - Ordinary of the Mass from the English Missal
- Forward in Faith website
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