Andrey Januaryevich Vyshinskiy (Russian: Андре́й Януа́рьевич Выши́нский, Andrej Januar'evič Vyšinskij) (December 10 [O.S. November 28] 1883, Odessa –November 22, 1954, New York), also spelt Vishinsky, Vyshinskii, Wyszyński, was a Russian and Soviet jurist and later diplomat. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Old Style (or OS) and New Style (or NS) are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states He served as the Soviet Foreign Minister from 1949 to 1953. This page lists foreign ministers of Russian Empire, Soviet Union, and Russian Federation: Heads of Posolsky Prikaz, 1549-1699 Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Vyshinsky was of Polish descent and spoke some English and excellent French.
He became a Menshevik in 1903 and in 1917 he undersigned an order to arrest Lenin according the decision of the Russian Provisional Government. The Mensheviks (Minority (Меньшевик) were a faction of the Russian Revolutionary movement that emerged in 1903 after a dispute between Vladimir Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Russian Provisional Government was formed in Petrograd in 1917 after the February Revolution and the Abdication [1]
In 1920, he joined the Bolsheviks. The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists ( Большевик Большевист (singular, derived from bolshe, "more" were a faction
In 1935 he became Prosecutor General of the USSR, the legal mastermind of Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. The Procurator General of the USSR ( Генеральный прокурор СССР in Russian, or Generalnyi prokuror SSSR) was the highest functionary Joseph Stalin ( ნამდვილი გვარი ჯუღაშვილი|Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili; March 5 1953 was General Secretary of the Communist Party Great Purge (Большая чистка transliterated Bolshaya chistka) was a series of campaigns of Political repression and Persecution He put a theoretical legal base under the treason trials. One of the principles of Vyshinsky's theory was that criminal law is a tool of the class struggle. Class struggle is the active expression of Class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective
His monograph that justifies this postulate, Theory of Judicial Proofs in Soviet Justice (Теория судебных доказательств в советской юстиции), was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1947. The USSR State Prize (Госуда́рственная пре́мия СССР was the Soviet Union 's state honour
Contrary to the wide-spread rumor that he justified the principle that "confession is the queen of evidence", he in fact explicitly stated in his work that it could not be applied in Soviet justice:
…было бы ошибочным придавать обвиняемому или подсудимому, вернее, их объяснениям, большее значение, чем они заслуживают этого… В достаточно уже отдаленные времена, в эпоху господства в процессе теории так называемых законных (формальных) доказательств, переоценка значения признаний подсудимого или обвиняемого доходила до такой степени, что признание обвиняемым себя виновным считалось за непреложную, не подлежащую сомнению истину, хотя бы это признание было вырвано у него пыткой, являвшейся в те времена чуть ли не единственным процессуальным доказательством, во всяком случае считавшейся наиболее серьезным доказательством, «царицей доказательств» (regina probationum).
…Этот принцип совершенно неприемлем для советского права и судебной практики. Действительно, если другие обстоятельства, установленные по делу, доказывают виновность привлеченного к ответственности лица, то сознание этого лица теряет значение доказательства и в этом отношении становится излишним. Его значение в таком случае может свестись лишь к тому, чтобы явиться основанием для оценки тех или других нравственных качеств подсудимого, для понижения или усиления наказания, определяемого судом.
Такая организация следствия, при которой показания обвиняемого оказываются главными и — еще хуже — единственными устоями всего следствия, способна поставить под удар все дело в случае изменения обвиняемым своих показаний или отказа от них.
He was the prosecutor at the major show trials of the Great Purge, lashing its defenseless victims with vituperative, sometimes cruelly witty rhetoric. The term show trial is a pejorative description of a type of highly Public trial. Great Purge (Большая чистка transliterated Bolshaya chistka) was a series of campaigns of Political repression and Persecution
In June, 1940, Vyshinskiy was sent to the Republic of Latvia[2] to supervise establishment of puppet government and incorporation of country into USSR, and later arranged for a communist regime to assume control of Romania in 1945. The occupation of the Baltic states refers to the occupation of the Baltic states ( Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) first by the [3] Lately he was between the main accused names of the U. S. Congress Kersten Committee in 1953[4]
He was responsible for the Soviet preparations for the trial of the major war criminals by the International Military Tribunal. The Baltic States Investigation by the US House of Representatives, better known as the Kersten Commission after investigation chairman Rep Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Nuremberg Trials were a series of trials most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political military and economic leadership of Nazi Germany after
The positions he held include those of vice-premier (1939–1944), deputy Commissar for Foreign Affairs (1940–1949), Minister for Foreign Affairs (1949-1953), Academician of the Soviet Academy of Sciences from 1939, and permanent representative of the Soviet Union to the United Nations. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Council of Ministers of the USSR (Совет Министров СССР tr Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Russian Academy of Sciences (Российская Академия Наук Rossi'iskaya Akade'miya Nau'k, shortened to PAH RAN) consists of the National The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security
He died while in New York and was buried in Red Square. Red Square ( Красная площадь, Krasnaya ploshchad) is the most famous City square in Moscow, and arguably one of the most
References
- ^ С весны 1917 работал в наркомтруде и прокуратуре, летом 1917 подписал ордер на арест В.Ленина,... (In spring 1917 worked in Narkomtrude and Prokuratura, summer 1917 signed the order to arrest V. Lenin,. . . )
- ^ Analytical list of documents, V. Friction in the Baltic States and Balkans, June 4-September 21, 1940 (html). Telegram of German Ambassador in the Soviet Union (Schulenburg) to the German Foreign Office. Retrieved on 2007-03-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian
- ^ "Vyshinsky, Andrey". Encyclopædia Britannica (Britannica Concise Encyclopedia). (2007). Retrieved on 2007-03-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian
- ^ The Iron Heel, TIME Magazine, December 14, 1953
External links
| Preceded by Vyacheslav Molotov |
Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union 1949–1953 |
Succeeded by Vyacheslav Molotov |
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