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Andrew Dickson White in 1885
Andrew Dickson White in 1885
White, age 79, in 1910
White, age 79, in 1910

Andrew Dickson White (November 7, 1832 – November 4, 1918) was a U.S. diplomat, author, and educator, best known as the co-founder of Cornell University. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 1832 ( MDCCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created This is a list of educators. See also Education, List of education topics.

Biography

White was born in Homer, New York. Homer is a town in Cortland County, New York, United States. The population was 6363 at the 2000 census After spending one year at Hobart College (then known as Geneva College), he transferred to Yale University. At Yale, he was a classmate of Daniel Coit Gilman, who would later serve as first president of Johns Hopkins University. The two were members of the Skull and Bones secret society, and would remain close friends. Skull and Bones is an elite Secret society based at Yale University, in New Haven Connecticut. He was also a member of the Alpha Sigma Phi fraternity, serving as editor of the fraternity publication, The Tomahawk. Alpha Sigma Phi Fraternity ( ΑΣΦ, commonly abbreviated to Alpha Sig) is a social fraternity with 66 active chapters colonies and interest groups

White's mansion
White's mansion

After graduating from Yale in 1853, White spent three years studying in Europe before returning to the United States as a professor of history and English literature at the University of Michigan. The Andrew Dickson White House is a Gothic home on the campus of Cornell University, designed by William Henry Miller and Charles Babcock The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research

In 1865, White and Western Union tycoon Ezra Cornell founded Cornell University on Cornell's estate in Ithaca, New York. The Western Union Company ( is a financial services and communications company based in the United States. Ezra Cornell ( January 11, 1807 &ndash December 9, 1874) was an American businessman and with Andrew Dickson White, was The City of Ithaca (named for the Greek island of Ithaca) sits on the southern shore of Cayuga Lake, in Central New York White became the school's first president, and his farsighted leadership set the university on the path to becoming an elite educational institution, with particular excellence in agricultural research and engineering. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and He also served as a professor in the Department of History. History The department was founded in 1868 by President He commissioned Cornell's first architecture student William Henry Miller to build his mansion on campus. The College of Architecture Art and Planning ( AAP) at Cornell University was established in 1871 as the School of Architecture with the hiring of Charles The Andrew Dickson White House is a Gothic home on the campus of Cornell University, designed by William Henry Miller and Charles Babcock

While at Cornell, White took leave to serve as Commissioner to Santo Domingo (1871), the first U. Santo Domingo de Guzmán (known as Santo Domingo population 2084852 (Metro (2003 estimated 2253437 (Metro in 2006 is the Capital and largest city in the S. Minister to Germany (1879-1881), and first president of the American Historical Association (1884-1886). Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The American Historical Association ( AHA) is the oldest and largest society of Historians and Teachers of History in the United States Following his resignation as Cornell's President in 1885, White served as Minister to Russia (1892-1894), President of the American delegation to The Hague Peace Conference (1899), and as the first U. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Hague Conventions were international treaties negotiated at the First and Second Peace Conferences at The Hague, Netherlands in 1899 and S. Ambassador to Germany (1897-1902). [1]

While serving in Russia, White—a noted bibliophile—made the acquaintance of author Leo Tolstoy. Bibliophilia is the love of Books Accordingly a bibliophile loves books but especially "for Qualities of Format. Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( –) (Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, was a Russian Writer widely regarded Tolstoy's fascination with Mormonism sparked a similar interest in White, who had previously regarded the Latter-Day Saints (LDS) as a dangerous, deviant cult. TalkMormon#Latter Day Saint vs Latter-day Saint --> Mormon This article does not discuss "cult" in the original sense of "veneration" or "religious practice" for that usage see Cult (religious practice Upon his return to the United States, White took advantage of Cornell's proximity to the original Mormon heartland near Rochester to amass a collection of LDS memorabilia (including many original copies of the Book of Mormon) unmatched by any other institution save the church itself and its university, Brigham Young University. Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York State, south of Lake Ontario in the United States. The Book of Mormon is a Sacred text of the churches in the Latter Day Saint movement.

In 1891, Leland and Jane Stanford asked White to serve as the first president of the university they had founded in Palo Alto, CA, Stanford University. Amasa Leland Stanford ( March 9, 1824 June 21, 1893) was an American Tycoon, Politician and founder of Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in Although he refused their offer, he did recommend his former student David Starr Jordan. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist

White died in Ithaca and was interred in Sage Chapel at Cornell. Sage Chapel is the Non-denominational Chapel on the campus of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York State and serves as the final

White's final resting place in Sage Chapel
White's final resting place in Sage Chapel
The statue of White on the Cornell Arts Quad
The statue of White on the Cornell Arts Quad

Contribution to the conflict thesis

At the time of Cornell's founding, White announced that it would be "an asylum for Science—where truth shall be sought for truth's sake, not stretched or cut exactly to fit Revealed Religion". Sage Chapel is the Non-denominational Chapel on the campus of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York State and serves as the final The College of Arts and Sciences (abbreviated to A&S or CAS) is a division of Cornell University. [2] Up to that time, America's private universities were exclusively religious institutions, and generally focused on the liberal arts and religious training (though they were not explicitly antagonistic to science). The term liberal arts refers to a particular type of educational Curriculum broadly defined as a Classical education.

In 1869 White gave a lecture on "The Battle-Fields of Science", arguing that history showed the negative outcomes resulting from any attempt on the part of religion to interfere with the progress of science. A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding Over the next 30 years he refined his analysis, expanding his case studies to include nearly every field of science over the entire history of Christianity, but also narrowing his target from "religion" through "ecclesiasticism" to "dogmatic theology. "

The final result was the two-volume History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom (1896). Initially less popular than John William Draper's History of the Conflict between Religion and Science (1874), White's book became an extremely influential text on the relationship between religion and science. John William Draper ( May 5, 1811, &ndash January 4, 1882) was an American ( English -born Scientist, Philosopher The relationship between religion and science has long held interest for scholars particularly in the Philosophy of science, the Philosophy of religion, and

The premise of the book—known as the conflict thesis—was once prevalent, even if already in 1908, it was strongly criticized as antihistorical in the book of historian of medicine James Joseph Walsh,The Popes and Science; the History of the Papal Relations to Science During the Middle Ages and Down to Our Own Time[3] . Conflict thesis is the theoretical premise of an intrinsic conflict between Science and Religion. James Joseph Walsh MD LLD LittD ScD (1865&ndash1942 was an American physician and author born in New York City.

Anyway, since the 1970s and 80s, many contemporary historians of science have reevaluated the history of science and religion, finding little evidence for White's claims of widespread conflict. [4] The Christian American Scientific Affiliation, in an address at Westmont College, blamed White for perpetuating a number of scientific myths, such as the idea that Christopher Columbus had to overcome widespread belief in a flat earth and that Charles Darwin's work was generally opposed by the religious authorities. The American Scientific Affiliation (ASA is a fellowship of men and women in science and related disciplines whose stated goal is to share a common fidelity to the Bible and Westmont College is a Christian liberal arts college in Santa Barbara California. Scientific mythology comprises a collection of Anecdotes that inform the public understanding of the History of science and the History of technology Christopher Columbus (1451 &ndash May 20 1506 was an Italian Navigator, colonizer The idea of a flat Earth is the idea that the surface of the Earth is flat (a plane) rather than the view that it is a very close approximation of Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life [5]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/presidents/view_item.php?sec=3&sub=8 Retrieved 2008-01-30. Conflict thesis is the theoretical premise of an intrinsic conflict between Science and Religion. In the History of ideas, the continuity thesis is the hypothesis that there was no radical discontinuity between the intellectual development of the Middle Ages and
  2. ^ Lindberg and Numbers 1986, pp. 2–3
  3. ^ Fordam University Press, 1908, Kessinger Publishing, reprinted 2003. ISBN 0-7661-3646-9 Reviews: [1][2]
  4. ^ Wilson, David B. The Historiography of Science and Religion in Ferngren, Gary B. (2002). Science & Religion: A Historical Introduction. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-7038-0.  
    p. 21 "Despite the growing number of scholarly modifications and rejections of the conflict model from the 1950s. . . in the 1970s leading historians of the nineteenth century still felt required to attack it. "
    p. 23 "Whatever the reason for the continued survival of the conflict thesis, two other books on the nineteenth century that were published in the 1970s hastened its final demise among historians of science. . . 1974. . . Frank Turner. . . Between Science and Religion. . . Even more decisive was the penetrating critique "Historians and Historiography". . . [by] James Moore. . . at the beginning of his Post-Darwinian Controversies (1979).
  5. ^ Russell, Jeffrey Burton (August 4 1997). "The Myth of the Flat Earth". American Scientific Affiliation Conference.  

Bibliography

Works by White

Works about White

External links

Cornell University links

Other links

Preceded by
(none)		 President of Cornell University
1866–1885		 Succeeded by
Charles Kendall Adams
Preceded by
Bayard Taylor		 United States Ambassador to Germany
1879–1881		 Succeeded by
Aaron Augustus Sargent
Preceded by
Charles Emory Smith		 United States Ambassador to Russia
1892–1894		 Succeeded by
Clifton R. Breckinridge
Preceded by
Edwin F. Uhl		 United States Ambassador to Germany
1897–1902		 Succeeded by
Charlemagne Tower, Jr. Cornellians are persons affiliated with Cornell University, commonly including alumni current and former faculty members students and others Charles Kendall Adams (1835–1902 was an American educator and historian Bayard Taylor ( James) (January 11 1825 &ndash December 19 1878 was an American Poet, literary critic translator and travel author The United States has had continuous diplomatic relations with the nation of Germany and its predecessor nation the Kingdom of Prussia, since 1835 Aaron Augustus Sargent ( September 28, 1827 &ndash August 14, 1887) was an American journalist lawyer politician and diplomat Charles Emory Smith ( February 18, 1842 &ndash January 19, 1908) was an American Journalist and political leader Since 1780 the United States has maintained diplomatic relations with Russia. Clifton Rodes Breckinridge (November 22 1846 &ndash December 3 1932 was a Democratic alderman congressman diplomat businessman and veteran of the Confederate Army Edwin Fuller Uhl ( August 14 1841 &ndash May 17 1901) was a prominent Michigan Lawyer and Politician. The United States has had continuous diplomatic relations with the nation of Germany and its predecessor nation the Kingdom of Prussia, since 1835
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