André-Aimé-René Masson (January 4, 1896 – October 28, 1987) was a French artist. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating
Masson was born in Balagny-sur-Thérain, near Senlis in Picardy, but was brought up in Belgium. Balagny-sur-Thérain is a Village and commune in the Oise département of northern France. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those He studied art in Brussels and Paris. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city He fought for France in World War I and was seriously injured. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All
Masson's early works display an interest in cubism. Cubism was a 20th century Avant-garde Art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European He later became associated with surrealism, and he was one of the most enthusiastic employers of automatic drawing, making a number of automatic works in pen and ink. Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members Automatism has taken on many forms the Automatic writing and drawing initially (and still to this day practiced by surrealists can be compared to similar or perhaps Masson would often force himself to work under strict conditions, for example, after long periods of time without food or sleep, or under the influence of drugs. He believed forcing himself into a reduced state of consciousness would help his art be free from rational control, and hence get closer to the workings of his subconscious mind.
From around 1926 he experimented by throwing sand and glue onto canvas and making oil paintings based around the shapes that formed. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. By the end of the 1920s, however, he was finding automatism rather restricting, and he left the surrealist movement and turned instead to a more structured style, often producing works with a violent or erotic theme, and making a number of paintings in reaction to the Spanish Civil War (he associated once more with the surrealists at the end of the 1930s). The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression.
André Masson drew the cover of the first issue of Georges Bataille's review, Acéphale, in 1936, and participated in all its issues until 1939. Georges Bataille (ʒɔʀʒ baˈtaj ( September 10, 1897 &ndash July 8, 1962) was a French Writer. Acéphale (from the Greek a-cephalus, literally "headless" designates both a public review created by Georges Bataille (which counted five issues from
Under the German occupation of France during World War II, his work was condemned by the Nazis as degenerate. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers Vichy France, or the Vichy regime are the common terms used to describe the government of France from July 1940 to August 1944 World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Degenerate art is the English translation of the German entartete Kunst, a term adopted by the Nazi With the assistance of Varian Fry in Marseille, Masson escaped the Nazi regime on a ship to the French island of Martinique from where he went on to the United States. Varian Mackey Fry (October 15 1907 &ndash September 13 1967 was a Taft School and Harvard University educated American Journalist who ran Marseille, ( English alt Marseilles mɑrˈseɪ — French: maʁsɛj locally — Provençal Occitan: Marselha maʀˈsijɔ Martinique is an Island in the eastern Caribbean Sea, having a land area of 1128 km² The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Upon arrival in New York City, U. The City of New York S. customs officials inspecting Masson's luggage found a cache of his erotic drawings. Denouncing them as pornographic, they ripped them up before the artist's eyes.
Living in New Preston, Connecticut his work became an important influence on American abstract expressionists. New Preston is a village and Census-designated place in the town of Washington in Litchfield County, Connecticut. Abstract expressionism was an American post– World War II Art movement. Following the war, he returned to France and settled in Aix-en-Provence where he painted a number of landscapes. Aix (ɛks or Aix-en-Provence ( Provençal Occitan: Ais de Provença in classical norm or Ais de Prouvènço in Mistralian norm to distinguish For the art of designing external spaces see Landscape architecture.
Trivia
Masson's brother in law, the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, was the last private owner of Gustave Courbet's provocative painting L'Origine du monde (The Origin of the World); Lacan asked Masson to paint a surrealist variant. Jacques-Marie-Émile Lacan (French ʒak lakɑ̃ ( April 13, 1901 &ndash September 9, 1981) was a French Psychoanalyst For the French Admiral see Admiral Courbet (1828-1885 Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet ( 10 June 1819 &ndash L’Origine du monde ( The Origin of the World) is an oil on canvas painted by Gustave Courbet in 1866 Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members
Bibliography
- Buchholz, Kai & Wolbert, Klaus (Hg. ): André Masson. Bilder aus dem Labyrinth der Seele. Frankfurt a. M. 2003.
- Kaiser-Strohmann, Dagmar. Vom Aufruhr zur Struktur. Schriftwerte im Informel, Exhibition Catalogue, Gustav-Luebcke-Museum Hamm 2008, ISBN 3-9807898-6-1
- Mueller-Yao, Marguerite Hui: Der Einfluss der Kunst der chinesischen Kalligraphie auf die westliche informelle Malerei, Diss. Bonn, Koeln 1985. ISBN 3-88375-051-4
- Mueller-Yao, Marguerite: Informelle Malerei und chinesische Kalligrafie, in: Informel, Begegnung und Wandel, (hrsg von Heinz Althoefer, Schriftenreihe des Museums am Ostwall; Bd. 2), Dortmund 2002, ISBN 3-611-01062-6,
- Rolf Wedewer: Die Malerei des Informel. Weltverlust und Ich-Behauptung, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Muenchen, 2007. ISBN 3422065601
External links
- Masson at the Tate Gallery. Tate is the United Kingdom 's national museum of British and Modern Art and is a network of four art galleries in England: Tate Britain (opened in
- Short biography.
- Müller-Yao, Marguerite: Informelle Malerei und chinesische Kalligrafie, Dortmund 2002, ISBN 3-611-01062-6
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