Comune di Ancona
Municipal coat of arms
Location of Ancona in Italy
Country	Italy
Region	Marche
Province	Ancona (AN)
Mayor	Fabio Sturani
Elevation	16 m (52 ft)
Area	123. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Marche (plural originally from le marche de Ancona, referring to the March of Ancona) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. In Italy, a Province (in Italian provincia) is an administrative division of intermediate level between Municipality ( Comune The Province of Ancona ( Provincia di Ancona) is a province in the Marche region of central Italy. 71 km² (48 sq mi)
Population (as of 31-08-2007)
- Total	101,210
- Density	818/km² (2,119/sq mi)
Time zone	CET, UTC+1
Coordinates	43°37′01″N, 13°31′00″E
Gentilic	Anconetani, Anconitani
Dialing code	071
Postal code	60100
Frazioni	Angeli di Varano, Aspio, Baraccola, Gallignano, Montacuto, Massignano, Montesicuro, Madonna delle Grazie, Candia, Ghettarello, Paterno, Casine di Paterno, Poggio di Ancona, Pontelungo, Sappanico, Taglio di Barcaglione, Torrette, Varano
Patron	Judas Cyriacus
- Day	4 May
Website: http://www.comune.ancona.it

Ancona (Greek: Angon) is a city and a seaport in the Marche, a region of central Italy, population 101,909 (2005). Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place Here are a list of area codes in Italy. All numbers here begin with the country code (0039 A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a Comune; for other Administrative Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly The Marche (plural originally from le marche de Ancona, referring to the March of Ancona) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Ancona is situated on the Adriatic Sea and is the center of the province of Ancona and the capital of the region. The Province of Ancona ( Provincia di Ancona) is a province in the Marche region of central Italy.

The city is located 210 km northeast of Rome and 200 km southeast of Bologna. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy

The town is finely situated on and between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno, occupied by the citadel, and Monte Guasco, on which the Duomo stands (150 m). Monte Conero ( Mount Conero) is a promontory in Italy, situated directly south of the city of Ancona on the Adriatic Sea. Duomo is a generic Italian term for a Cathedral church The formal word for a church that is presently a cathedral is cattedrale; a The latter, dedicated to St Judas Cyriacus, is said to occupy the site of a temple of Venus, who is mentioned by Catullus and Juvenal as the tutelary deity of the place. For persons with a Cognomen "Catulus" see Lutatius Gaius Valerius Catullus (ca The A tutelary spirit or patron deity serves as the guardian of or an entity to watch over and protect a particular site person culture or nation

History

Ancona was founded from Syracuse about 390 BC, who gave it its name: Ancona is a very slightly modified transliteration of the Greek Αγκων, meaning "elbow"; the harbor to the east of the town was originally protected only by the promontory on the north, shaped like an elbow. Syracuse (Siracusa Sicilian: Sarausa, Classical Greek: / transliterated Syrakousai) is a historic City in Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Greek merchants established a Tyrian purple factory here (Sil. Ital. viii. 438). In Roman times it kept its own coinage with the punning device of the bent arm holding a palm branch, and the head of Aphrodite on the reverse, and continued the use of the Greek language. A palm branch (or palm Frond or palm stem) usually refers to the leaves of the Arecaceae (sometimes known by the names Palmae Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly

The harbour of Ancona.

When it became a Roman colony is doubtful. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC It was occupied as a naval station in the Illyrian War of 178 BC (Livy xli. In the Illyrian Wars of 229 BC and 219 BC, Rome overran the Illyrian settlements in the Neretva river valley and suppressed the Titus Livius (traditionally 59 BC &ndash AD 17 known as Livy in English, was a Roman historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome i). Julius Caesar took possession of it immediately after crossing the Rubicon. Rubicon ( Rubicō, Italian: Rubicone) is a 29 km long River in northern Italy. Its harbour was of considerable importance in imperial times, as the nearest to Dalmatia, and was enlarged by Trajan, who constructed the north quay with his Syrian architect Apollodorus of Damascus. Dalmatia ( Croatian: Dalmacija, see names in other languages) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, situated mostly in modern Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan ( September 18 53 &ndash August 9 117) was a Roman Emperor who History of Bahrein, AND COMPARE THE TRUE IMPORTANCE OF THE TWO STATES At the beginning of it stands the marble triumphal arch with a single archway, and without bas-reliefs, erected in his honour in 115 by the senate and people. A triumphal arch is a structure in the shape of a monumental Archway, in theory built to celebrate a victory in war actually used to celebrate a ruler A bas-relief (baʁəljɛf in French; French for "low relief" derived from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a Sculpture

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Ancona was successively attacked by the Goths, Lombards and Saracens, but recovered its strength and importance. The Goths ( Gothic: Gothic usvg|14px|u]]Gothic asvg|14px|a]]Gothic s The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from Saracen was a term used by Europeans in the Middle Ages for Fatimids at first then later for all who professed the religion of Islam. It was one of the cities of the Pentapolis under the exarchate of Ravenna. A pentapolis, from the Greek words penta 'five' and Polis 'city(-state' is geographic and/or institutional grouping of five cities Ravenna is a City and Comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. ^[1] With the Carolingian conquest of northern Italy, it became the capital of the Marca di Ancona, whence the name of the modern region. The March of Ancona or marca Anconitana (also Anconetana) was a frontier march centred on the city of Macerata in the After 1000 Ancona became increasingly independent, eventually turning into an important maritime republic (together with Gaeta, Trani and Ragusa, it is one of those not appearing on the Italian naval flag), often clashing against the nearby power of Venice. The it '''Repubbliche Marinare''' ( Italian for " Maritime Republics " is the collective name of a number of important City-states which flourished in Gaeta is a city and Comune in the Province of Latina, in Lazio, central Italy. Trani is a Seaport of Apulia, southern Italy, on the Adriatic Sea, in the Province The Most Serene Republic of Venice ((Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta or Repùblica de Venesia Serenissima Repubblica An oligarchic republic, Ancona was ruled by six Elders, elected by the three terzieri into which the city was divided: S. Pietro, Porto and Capodimonte. It had a coin of its own, the agontano, and a series of laws known as Statuti del mare e del Terzenale and Statuti della Dogana. Ancona was usually allied with Ragusa and the Byzantine Empire. In 1137, 1167 and 1174 it was strong enough to push back imperial forces. Anconitan ships took part to the Crusades, and his navigators include Cyriac of Ancona. Ciriaco de' Pizzicolli or Cyriacus of Ancona ( 31 July 1391 — 1453/55 was a restlessly itinerant Italian humanist and Antiquarian In the struggle between the Popes and the Emperors that troubled Italy from the 12th century onwards, Ancona sided for Guelphs. The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting respectively the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in central and northern Italy

Differently from other cities of northern Italy, Ancona never became a seignory. Seignory, or Seigniory ( Fr seigneur, lord Lat senior, elder in English law, the lordship (authority remaining to The sole exception was the rule of the Malatesta, who took the city in 1348 taking advantage of the black death and of a fire that had destroyed much of the edifices. The Black Death, or the Black Plague, was one of the deadliest Pandemics in human history widely thought to have been caused by a bacterium named Yersinia The Malatesta were ousted in 1383. In 1532 it lost definitively its freedom and became part of the Papal States, under Pope Clement VII. The Papal States, State(s of the Church or Pontifical States (in Italian Stato Ecclesiastico, Stato della Chiesa, Stati della Chiesa For the Antipope (1378&ndash1394 see Antipope Clement VII. Pope Clement VII ( May 26, 1478 &ndash September Symbol of the papal authority was the massive Citadel. Together with Rome and Avignon, Ancona was the sole city in the Papal States in which the Jews were allowed to stay after 1569, living into the ghetto built after 1555. Avignon (/aviɲɔ̃/ in French) ( Provençal: Avinhon in classical norm or Avignoun in Mistralian norm is a commune A ghetto is described as a "portion of a city in which members of a minority group live especially because of social legal or economic pressure

Pope Clement XII prolonged the quay, and an inferior imitation of Trajan's arch was set up; he also erected a Lazaretto at the south end of the harbor, Luigi Vanvitelli being the architect-in-chief. See Corsini for other uses of that name Pope Clement XII ( April 7, 1652 &ndash February 6, A lazaretto or lazaret is a Quarantine station for maritime travellers Luigi Vanvitelli ( May 12, 1700, Naples &ndash March 1 1773, Caserta) was an Italian engineer and architect The southern quay was built in 1880, and the harbour was protected by forts on the heights.

From 1797 onwards, when the French took it, it frequently appears in history as an important fortress, until Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière capitulated here on 29 September 1860, eleven days after his defeat at Castelfidardo. Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière ( 5 September 1806 - 11 September 1865) was a French General. Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting Castelfidardo is a town and commune in the Province of Ancona, in the Marche region of central-eastern Italy.

The Cathedral of San Ciriaco

The portal of the church of San Francesco

The Vanvitelli's Lazzaretto

Main sights

Cathedral church of S. Ciriaco

The beautiful Cathedral, entitled to St. Ciriaco, was consecrated in 1128 and completed in 1189. Some writers suppose that the original church was in the form of a Latin cross and belonged to the 8th century. The Christian cross is the best-known Religious symbol of Christianity. An early restoration was completed in 1234. It is a fine Romanesque building in grey stone, built in the form of a Greek cross, with a dodecagonal dome over the center slightly altered by Margaritone d'Arezzo in 1270. Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which The façade has a Gothic portal, ascribed to Giorgio da Como (1228), which was intended to have a lateral arch on each side.

The interior, which has a crypt under each transept, in the main preserves its original character. It has ten columns which are attributed to the temple of Venus, and there are good screens of the 12th century, and other sculptures. The church was carefully restored in the 1980s.

Other monuments

• The marble Arch of Trajan, 18m high, was erected in 114/115 as an entrance to the causeway atop the harbor wall in honor of the emperor who had made the harbor, is one of the finest Roman monuments in the Marche. Most of its original bronze enrichments have disappeared. It stands on a high podium approached by a wide flight of steps. The archway, only 3 m wide, is flanked by pairs of fluted Corinthian columns on pedestals. The Corinthian order is one of the Classical orders of Greek and Roman Architecture, characterized An attic bears inscriptions. The format is that of the Arch of Titus in Rome, but made taller, so that the bronze figures surmounting it, of Trajan, his wife Plotina and sister Marciana, would figure as a landmark for ships approaching Rome's greatest Adriatic port. The Arch of Titus is a Pentelic marble Triumphal arch with a single arched opening located on the Via Sacra just to the south-east of the Forum
• The Lazzaretto (Laemocomium or "Mole Vanvitelliana"), planned by architect Luigi Vanvitelli in 1732 is a pentagonal building covering more than 20,000 m², built to protect the military defensive authorities from the risk of contagious diseases eventually reaching the town with the ships. Luigi Vanvitelli ( May 12, 1700, Naples &ndash March 1 1773, Caserta) was an Italian engineer and architect Later it was used also as a military hospital or as barracks; it is currently used for cultural exhibits.
• The Episcopal Palace was the place where Pope Pius II died in 1464. Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini ( Latin Aeneas Sylvius; October 18, 1405 &ndash August 14, 1464)
• The church of Santa Maria della Piazza has an elaborate arcaded façade (1210).
• The Palazzo del Comune, with its lofty arched substructures at the back, was the work of Margaritone d'Arezzo, but has been since twice restored.

There are also several fine late Gothic buildings, including the churches of S. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Francesco and S. Agostino, the Palazzo Benincasa, the Palazzo del Senato and the Loggia dei Mercanti[1], all by Giorgio Orsini, usually called da Sebenico, and the prefecture, which has Renaissance additions. Giorgio Orsini or Juraj Dalmatinac usually called Giorgio da Sebenico (Latin Georgius Mathaei Dalmaticus; c Šibenik is a historic town in Croatia, population 51553 (2001 For subsequent types of praefectura, see Prefect. Prefecture (from the Latin Praefectura) indicates the office The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere

The portal of S. Maria della Misericordia is an ornate example of early Renaissance work.

The archaeological museum contains interesting pre-Roman (Picene) objects from tombs in the district, and two Roman beds with fine decorations in ivory. For the language see North Picene and South Picene. Picene is a Hydrocarbon found in the pitchy

The port of Ancona is a major departure point for trans-Adriatic ferries.

The Pinacoteca Civica Francesco Podesti is housed in the Palazzo Bosdari, reconstructed in 1558 - 1561 by Pellegrino Tibaldi. Pellegrino Tibaldi, also known as Pellegrino di Tibaldo de Pellegrini ( Valsolda, 1527 &ndash Milan, 1596 was an Italian mannerist Among the works are paintings by the local painter Francesco Podesti (1800-1895) and the painter from Camerino Carlo da Camerino (late 15th- early 16th century) and by Arcangelo di Cola (not. 1416-1429). Also featured are paintings Andrea Lilli (1570c. - post 1631).

Other paintings include: "La Madonna col Bambino" tavola by Carlo Crivelli (1430/35c. "Crivelli" redirects to this page See Crivelli (surname for more - 1495c. ) "Sacra Conversazione" by Lorenzo Lotto (1480 c. Lorenzo Lotto (c 1480 &ndash 1556 was a Northern Italian painter draughtsman and illustrator traditionally placed in the Venetian school. -1556) "Ritratto di Francesco Arsilli" by Sebastiano Del Piombo (1485 c. Sebastiano del Piombo (c 1485 Venice &ndash June 21, 1547, Rome) byname of Sebastiano Luciani, was an Italian -1547) "La Circoncisione" by Orazio Gentileschi (1563 c. -1638 o 46) "L'Immacolata Concezione" & la "Santa Palazia" di Guercino (1591-1666) "Quattro Santi in estasi" & "Angeli musicanti" di Andrea Lillio Pala Gozzi by Tiziano Vecellio (1487/88-1576) featuring "L'Apparizione della Vergine" (1520). Palatia and Laurentia (Sante Palazia e Laurenzia Lorenza were virgin Martyrs of Ancona, venerated as Saints by the Catholic Church. Giovanni Francesco Barbieri ( February 8, 1591 — December 9, 1666) best known as Guercino or Il Guercino, was an Andrea Lilio (1555/1570 - after 1639 was an Italian painter born in Fano, not far from Ancona, hence he also is known as L'Anconitano. Tiziano Vecelli or Tiziano Vecellio (c 1485 &ndash August 27 1576 better known as Titian, was the leading painter of the 16th-century Venetian

Modern artists featured are Bartolini, Bucci, Campigli, Cassinari, Cucchi, Levi, Sassu, Tamburi, Trubbiani and others.

Shipping

The Port has regular ferry links to the following cities with the following operators:

• Adria Ferries (Durrës)
• Blue Line International (Split, Stari Grad, Vis)
• Jadrolinja (Split, Zadar)
• SNAV (Split) (seasonal)
• Superfast Ferries (Igoumenitsa, Patras)
• ANEK Lines (Igoumenitsa, Patras)
• Minoan Lines (Igoumenitsa, Patras)

Twin cities

• Izmir, Turkey
• Galaţi, Romania
• Split, Croatia
• Ribnica, Slovenia

See also

• Maritime republics

Notes

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. İzmir, historically Smyrna, is the third most populous city of Turkey and the country's largest port after İstanbul. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Galaţi (gaˈlaʦʲ Kalas Galatz Gałacz is a city in eastern Romania ( Moldavia) the capital city of Galaţi County on the banks of the Danube Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Split (Spalatum Ancient Greek: Aspálathos, Ασπάλαθος Spalato is the largest and most important Dalmatian city the second-largest Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west The it '''Repubbliche Marinare''' ( Italian for " Maritime Republics " is the collective name of a number of important City-states which flourished in This article is about the Italian town For the Danish island see Fanø. Pesaro is a town and Comune in the Italian region of the Marche, capital of the Pesaro e Urbino province, on the Adriatic. Senigallia or Sinigaglia is a Comune and port town on Italy 's Adriatic coast 25 km by rail north of Ancona in the Marche region Rimini is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy and capital city of the Province of Rimini. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone

External links

• Official Site
• Marche Tourism site
• Photos
• Bill Thayer's site
• Ancona, a breed of chicken named after the Italian city
• Site with photo, guides and forum
• Wine and Fish in the city of Ancona
• The Jewish Community of Ancona