The word or root amyl has two meanings, in organic chemistry and biochemistry. The root is the primary lexical unit of a Word, which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents Organic chemistry is a discipline within Chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure properties composition reactions, and preparation Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living Organisms It deals with the Structure and function of cellular components such as
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Biochemistry
In biochemistry, "amyl" means "pertaining to starch". Many moderately complex biological chemicals related to starch contain it, for example:-
Note that in this usage, it is a part of the word, and becomes "amylo" when preceding a consonant. Amylase is an Enzyme that breaks Starch down into Sugar. Amylase is present in human Saliva, where it begins the chemical process Amylopectin ( CAS # 9037-22-3 is a highly branched Polymer of Glucose found in plants Amylose ( CAS # 9005-82-7 is a planar Polymer of Glucose linked mainly by α(1→4 bonds In Articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a Speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the upper Vocal tract, the upper vocal
Chemistry
In organic chemistry, amyl is the old trivial name for the alkyl functional group and radical called pentyl under the IUPAC nomenclature: that is, -C5H11. In Chemistry and Zoology, a trivial name (also a Common name or vernacular name) is a non- Systematic name. An alkyl is a Univalent radical consisting of Carbon and Hydrogen atoms arranged in a chain In Organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of Atoms within Molecules that are responsible for the characteristic Chemical reactions In Chemistry, radicals (often referred to as free radicals) are atoms molecules or ions with Unpaired electrons on an otherwise Open shell In Organic chemistry, pentyl is a five- Carbon Alkyl substituent with Chemical formula -C5H11. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general This usage may derive from the presence of amyl alcohol in fusel oil, which is often fermented from starches. Fusel alcohols, also sometimes called fusel oils, or potato oil in Europe are higher order (more than two carbons Alcohols formed by fermentation Fermentation in Food processing typically refers to the conversion of Sugar to Alcohol using Yeast under Anaerobic conditions In this usage, amyl (normally) remains a separate word and it does not become "amylo-" before a consonant.
Several important amyl/pentyl compounds are still widely known by their older, amyl names, including:
- Amylamine
- Amyl acetate
- Amyl alcohol
- Amyl nitrate
- Amyl nitrite
There are eight possible isomers of amyl; see under pentyl for more information. Amyl acetate (also pentyl ethanoate, pentyl acetate) is an Organic compound and an Ester with the chemical formula CH3COO(CH24CH3 Amyl alcohol is an Organic compound with the formula C5H11OH All eight Isomers of Amyl Alcohol are known Amyl nitrate is the Chemical compound with the formula CH3(CH24ONO2 Amyl nitrite is the Chemical compound with the formula C5H11ONO This article is about the chemical concept For "isomerism" of atomic nuclei see Nuclear isomer. In Organic chemistry, pentyl is a five- Carbon Alkyl substituent with Chemical formula -C5H11. Frequently chemicals sold commercially as amyl compounds will be a mixture of several isomers.
Slang
"Amyl" is also a slang term for amyl nitrite when used as a recreational drug. Slang is the use of highly informal Words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's Dialect or Language. Amyl nitrite is the Chemical compound with the formula C5H11ONO
"E-Amyl" is the name of the equivalent drug often sniffed by players of the game Second Life
Etymology
"Amyl", used to mean "starch", was taken from Greek αμυλος = "cake made from fine flour", from α + μυλη = "not mill" because the flour used to make an αμυλος was not ground on the same grindstones as ordinary bread flour. Second Life ( abbreviated as SL) and its sister site Teen Second Life are Internet-based 3D Virtual Flour is a powder made of Cereal grains It is the key ingredient of Bread, which is a staple food in many countries and therefore the availability A grinding mill is a Unit operation designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces
See also
In Chemistry, a methyl group is a Hydrophobic Alkyl Functional group named after Methane (4 In Organic chemistry, propyl is a three- Carbon Alkyl substituent with Chemical formula - C 3 H 7 In Organic chemistry, butyl is a four- Carbon Alkyl substituent with Chemical formula -C4H9.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic