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 Watercolor of an American shad by Sherman F. Denton, 1904. The swelling between the anal fin and ventral fin identifies this as a pregnant female. The Anatomy of Fish is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of Water, which is much denser than air holds a relatively small amount of dissolved The Anatomy of Fish is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of Water, which is much denser than air holds a relatively small amount of dissolved
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| Alosa (Alosa) sapidissima (Wilson, 1811) |
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Clupea sapidissima |
The American shad or Atlantic shad, Alosa sapidissima[1], is a species of anadromous fish in family Clupeidae of order Clupeiformes. Alexander Wilson ( July 6, 1766 &ndash August 23, 1813) was a Scottish-American Poet, Ornithologist, naturalist Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year In Scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different Scientific names used for a single Taxon. In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. Many types of fish undertake migrations on a regular basis on time scales ranging from daily to annual and with distances ranging from a few meters to thousands of kilometers Fish are aquatic Vertebrate animals that are typically ectothermic (previously Cold-blooded) covered with scales, and equipped with two In Biological classification, family ( Latin Clupeidae is the family of the Herrings Shads Sardines Hilsa and Menhadens It includes many of the most important Food fishes This article is about the taxonomic rank for the sequence of species in a taxonomic list see Taxonomic order In scientific classification used Clupeiformes is the order of ray-finned fish that includes the Herring family Clupeidae, and the Anchovy family Engraulidae. It is not closely related to the other North American shads. Rather, it seems to form a lineage that diverged from a common ancestor of the European taxa before these diversified (Faria et al. A taxon (plural taxa) or taxonomic unit, is a name designating an organism or a group of Organisms In Biological nomenclature according to 2006).
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Description
The American shad is the largest member of the herring family. Shad have silver bodies and a green back, with large scales and a deeply forked tail. The males (or "bucks") are smaller than the female, weighing about 1 to 3 pounds when spawning; females are generally 3 to 8 pounds. Both genders tend to run a little larger on the East Coast of the United States. The East Coast of the United States, also known as the "Eastern Seaboard" or "Atlantic Seaboard" refers to the easternmost coastal states in the central and northern It has a rich, delicate, fatty flesh, prized by some and despised by others.
Shad are shot through with small bones. There is a great controversy over the taste of shad, opinions running from inedible (some fishermen cut shad up to use for bait) to superb; some esteem it above the famous Atlantic salmon and consider it flavourful enough to not require sauces, herbs or spices (although most will sprinkle it with vinegar or lemon juice). Atlantic salmon, known scientifically as Salmo salar, is a species of Fish in the family Salmonidae, which is found in the northern It can be boiled, filleted and fried in butter or baked; baking shad at a low temperature for an extended period will dissolve the tiny bones, although the texture of the flesh will suffer. This article refers to the cut of meat For other uses see Fillet.
Aside from the fish itself, the eggs, called "shad roe", are a prized gourmet item (although, again, some people find them inedible). Several thousand small eggs, roughly the size of a BB, are contained in a pair of reddish-orange membranes just inside the female's belly, running from about an inch behind the gills almost to the anal opening. The roe are most often fried and eaten for breakfast with eggs or a starch, although dinner recipes exist.
The shad was enormously important as a food fish and protein source in early coastal settlements due to its great numbers and ease of taking when spawning; in 1789, an estimated 830,000 shad were caught from the Merrimack River alone. The Merrimack River (or Merrimac River, an earlier spelling that is sometimes still used is a -long river in the northeastern United States. (Sadly, by 1888, shad were almost completely gone from the Merrimack, as dams cut the shad off from their spawning grounds. ) Traditionally it was caught along with salmon in set nets which were suspended from poles driven into the river bed reasonably close to shore in tidal water. Salmon is the common name for several species of Fish of the family Salmonidae. Characteristics A tide is a repeated cycle of sea level changes in the following stages Over several hours the water rises or advances up a beach in the flood George Washington worked as a shad fisherman in 1781. George Washington (February 22 1732 December 14 1799 served as the first President of the United States of America (1789&ndash1797 and led the A good account of the early importance of shad to feeding coastal populations in the 18th century is contained in The Founding Fish by John McPhee. John Angus McPhee (born March 8, 1931) is a Pulitzer Prize -winning writer widely considered one of the pioneers of narrative nonfiction The American shad is the official state fish of Connecticut. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. [2]
Habits
The shad spends most of its life at sea, but swims up fresh rivers to spawn. Unlike salmon, the fish survive breeding and can return to the sea; they do not inhabit fresh water except to spawn. At sea, shad are schooling fish; thousands are often seen at the surface in spring, summer, and autumn. They are hard to find in the winter, as they tend to go deeper before spawning season; they have been pulled up in nets as deep as 65 fathoms.
Like other herrings, the American Shad is primarily a plankton feeder, but will eat small shrimp and fish eggs. Plankton consist of any drifting Organisms ( Animals Plants Archaea, or Bacteria) that inhabit the Pelagic zone of True shrimp are swimming decapod Crustaceans classified in the Infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh Occasionally they eat small fish, but these are only a minor item in their general diet.
The sexually mature fish enter the streams in spring or early summer when the river water has warmed to 50° to 55°F. Cooler water appears to interrupt the spawn. Consequently the shad run correspondingly later in the year passing from south to north along the coast, commencing in Georgia in January; in March in the waters tributary to Pamlico and Albemarle Sounds; in April in the Potomac; and in May and June in northern streams generally from Delaware to Canada. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule Pamlico Sound (PAM-lik-o in North Carolina, is the largest Lagoon along the U Albemarle Sound is a large Estuary on the coast of North Carolina in the United States located at the confluence of a group of rivers including the The Potomac River flows into the Chesapeake Bay, located along the mid- Atlantic coast of the United States. Delaware ( is a state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page
In large rivers they run far upstream especially in the open rivers of the southeast. The apparent longest distance is in the St. Johns River of Florida, an extremely slow (1" drop per mile) river that widens into large lakes; shad have been found 375 miles upriver. The St Johns River (officially Saint Johns River, but commonly spelled St Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the
The fish select sandy or pebbly shallows for spawning grounds, and deposit their eggs mostly between sundown and midnight. Females release eggs in batches and produce about 30,000 eggs per batch, though as many as 156,000 have been estimated in very large fish. Total annual egg production is 200,000 - 600,000 eggs per female with larger fish producing more. In rivers north of Cape Fear the spent fish, now very emaciated, begin their return journey to the sea immediately after spawning. In southern rivers, shad die after spawning.
The eggs are transparent, pale pink or amber, and being semi-buoyant and not sticky like those of other river herrings, they roll about on the bottom with the current. The eggs hatch in 12 to 15 days at 52° (12°C), in 6 to 8 days at 63° (17°C), which covers the range characteristic of Maine and Bay of Fundy rivers during the season of incubation. The State of Maine ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean Tides Folklore in the Mi'kmaq First Nation claims that the tides in the Bay of Fundy are caused by a giant whale splashing in the water
The larvae are about 9 to 10 mm. long. The young shad remain in the rivers until fall, when they move down to salt water; they are now 1. 5 to 4. 5 inches long, resembling their parents in appearance.
Nutritional information
Like most herring, shad are very high in omega 3, and in particular contain nearly twice as much per unit weight as wild salmon. n −3 fatty acids (popularly referred to as ω−3 fatty acids or omega-3 fatty acids) are a family of unsaturated Fatty acids that They are also very low in toxins like PCBs, dioxins, and mercury by EPA standards. Polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCB s are a class of Organic compounds with 1 to 10 Chlorine atoms attached to Biphenyl which is a molecule composed Not to be confused with Dioxane or Digoxin. Dioxin is a heterocyclic, organic, antiaromatic compound Mercury (ˈmɜrkjʊri also called quicksilver or hydrargyrum, is a Chemical element with the symbol Hg ( Latinized hydrargyrum
Shad population
There has been a problem with declines in the shad population as early as the turn of the century. Many of the rivers where it was common now suffer from pollution; however, in some cases, the short length of time spent by shad in fresh water may minimize contamination. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability disorder harm or discomfort to the physical systems or living organisms they are in Shad are taken from the Hudson River and eaten, as scientists have found that they are not in the river long enough to be affected by PCBs and other contaminants. The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk, the Great Mohegan by the Iroquois, or as the Lenape Native Americans called it in Unami [3]
Such pollution, however, may damage the spawn, and studies have been undertaken to determine whether fingerlings suffer DNA damage. Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a Nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known Some of the rivers in which the shad spawns have dams on them, eliminating much of the spawning grounds; in recent years, several small dams have been destroyed for just this reason. Pollutants, even if not harmful per se, may encourage the growth of unfriendly water fauna. And finally, shad have simply been overfished.
Even more important to the decline of the shad is the damming of the rivers and streams in which they spawn, as pregnant doe shad are quite heavy and do not jump even when hooked. As noted above, the number of shad caught in the Merrimack River declined from almost 900,000 in 1789 to 0 in 1888, due to the fishes' inability to reach their spawning ground.
Shad serve a peculiar symbolic role in Virginia state politics. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state On the year of every gubernatorial election, would-be candidates, lobbyists, campaign workers, and reporters gather in the town of Wakefield, Virginia for Shad Planking. Wakefield is an Incorporated town in Sussex County, Virginia, United States. '''Shad planking''' is a political annual event that takes place every April in Wakefield Virginia where would-be candidates reporters campaign workers and locals gather
American Shad were introduced into the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento River system in California in the 1800s. Shad have spread throughout many river systems on the West Coast of North America. There is currently a very large shad population in the Columbia River. In recent years shad counts at Bonneville and The Dalles Dams have ranged from over two to over five million fish per year. Shad return to the Columbia in May and June. Shad migrate upstream as far as above Lower Granite Dam on the Snake River and above Priest Rapids Dam on the Upper Columbia. Unlike many exotic/introduced species, it has not been confirmed that American Shad have serious negative effects on the environment or other native fish species in the Columbia.
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Shad fishing
Shad are also valued as a sport fish that exhibit complex and little-understood feeding behavior while spawning. For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. The American shad or Atlantic shad, Alosa sapidissima, is a Species of Anadromous Fish in family Clupeidae Not to be confused with the Barramundi Cod or the Australian members of the genus Scleropages (which sometimes are referred to as Barramundis Cobia ( Rachycentron canadum) — also known as black kingfish black salmon ling lemonfish crabeaters aruan tasek, etc The Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, (from the Russian кижуч kizhuch) is a Species of Anadromous Fish Hickory shad ( Alosa mediocris) is migratory clupeid native to the Atlantic Coast of the eastern United States The king mackerel ( Scomberomorus cavalla) is a migratory species of Mackerel that lives its entire life in the open waters of the western Atlantic Ocean The Mahimahi (in Hawaiian Coryphaena hippurus, also known as common dolphin-fish, dorado maverikos, or lampuki (in Maltese The sand whiting, Sillago ciliata, (also known as the summer whiting or blue-nose whiting) is a common species of coastal marine Fish The silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is a species of Freshwater Cyprinid Fish, a variety of Asian carp native to north and Striped bass are Perciform fish found all along the Atlantic coast from Florida to Nova Scotia, and are caught as far north as Hudson Bay. Thresher sharks are large Lamniform Sharks of the family Alopiidae. Tuna, are several Species of ocean-dwelling Fish in the family Scombridae, mostly in the genus Thunnus. The walleye (common US name or yellow pickerel (Canada ( Sander vitreus vitreus, formerly Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) is a freshwater Perciform Game fish are Fish pursued for Sport by recreational Anglers. Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is Fishing for Pleasure or Competition. Unlike salmon, shad retain the ability digest and assimilate food during the anadromous migration. Like other fish, their feeding instinct can be triggered by a variety of factors such as turbidity and water temperature. Anglers use both spinning and fly fishing tackle to pursue shad. In the north, April through June is when shad spawn in coastal rivers and estuaries.
Here's a quick overview of some of the best shad fishing rivers in North America:
Shad fishing: West Coast
California: The Sacramento River provides the best-known shad water in the state, but it is ideally suited to spin fishing. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The Sacramento River is the longest River entirely within the U The water is large, quite deep and is best accessed via boat. The wading fly angler will find smaller, more accessible water along the Sacramento's' tributaries. The Feather River has numerous good spots between the Oroville Dam and the Sacramento, the Shanghai bend downstream from Marysville being one of many. This article treats the river in California For other uses see Feather River (disambiguation The Feather River is a principal tributary of Oroville Dam is on the Feather River above the city of Oroville in Butte County, California. Marysville is the County seat of Yuba County, California, United States. The Yuba, a tributary of the Feather, branches northeast along Route 20 from which there are numerous access points. The Yuba River is an important River in California and a major Tributary of the Feather River, which is a tributary of the Sacramento River The American River from Nimbus Dam to Sacramento has numerous parking areas just north of the American River Parkway. American River ( Río de los Americanos in the Mexican period located in the US state of California, has a prominent place in United States history for The Nimbus Dam is a base load Hydroelectric dam on the American River near Folsom California. The numerous islands in this section can split the shad run, so depending on the water level, target runs and riffles where the whole run is concentrated. To the north, the Klamath, like the Sacramento, is big shad water. The Klamath River ( Ishkêesh in Karuk) approximately long is a major River in southern Oregon and northern California in the Its tributary, the Trinity River, is more accessible and follows Route 299 closely. The Trinity River is the longest tributary of the Klamath River, approximately long in northwestern California in the United States.
Oregon: Most of Oregon's coastal rivers have shad runs, but there are some standouts. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. East of Portland, the Bonneville Dam poses a significant obstacle to the Columbia River's shad run. Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers Bonneville Lock and Dam (ˈbɑnəvɪl consists of several Dam structures that together complete a span of the Columbia River between the U The Columbia River (known as As a result, the most popular areas are just downstream from the dam, though shore fishing can be dicey depending on water levels. Some of the better shore access is found upriver from the dam on the Washington side of the river (see below. ) Downstream from the dam, the Willamette River extending south of Portland and the Columbia River provides some shore access. The Willamette River (pronounced) is a Tributary of the Columbia River. The Umpqua River east of Reedsport along Routes 38 and 138 to Roseburg and beyond is a popular area. The Umpqua River (UHMP-kwah on the Pacific coast of Oregon in the United States is approximately long Reedsport is a city in Douglas County, Oregon, United States. Roseburg is a city in the US state of Oregon. It is the County seat of Douglas County. The Rogue, Coos, Siuslaw, Smith, Sandy and Coquille Rivers also have shad runs worth investigation. The Rogue River in the southwestern part of the US state of Oregon flows from the Cascade Range to the Pacific Ocean. The Coos River is a river approximately 60 mi (97 km long in southwest Oregon in the United States. The Siuslaw River (pronounced sigh YOU slaw) is a River, approximately 110 mi (177 km long along the Pacific coast of Oregon in the United Smith River in the US state of Oregon may refer to one of three streams North Fork Smith River (California, a tributary of the The Sandy River is a tributary of the Columbia River in northwestern Oregon in the United States. The Coquille River is a river 100 mi (160 km long in southwestern Oregon in the United States.
Washington: The Columbia River delineates the border with Oregon, so some of Washington's best shad fishing is to be had in the Bonneville Dam area. Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. From Highway 14, two miles east of North Bonneville, transmission towers mark the entrance to an access road that will put you onto some good spots. The Chehalis and Skookumchuck Rivers in the vicinity of Centralia has good water. The Chehalis River is a River in Washington in the United States. The Skookumchuck River is a river in southwest Washington, USA. Centralia is a city in Lewis County, Washington, United States. Route 6 west from this area follows the upper Chehalis and will bring you to another good shad river, the Willapa. The Willapa River is a river on the Pacific coast of southwestern Washington in the United States, approximately 20 mi (32 km long
American Shad are also fished commercially in the Columbia River. There is a small non-Indian commercial gillnet fishery several miles downstream from Bonneville Dam. There is also a tribal commercial fishery. The tribal fishery is composed of a dipnet/hoopnet fishery from platforms primarily in the Bonneville Dam pool and a live trap fishery at The Dalles Dam.
Shad fishing: East Coast
New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey: Look no further than the Delaware River. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. The Delaware River is a river on the Atlantic coast of the United States. With a shad run exceeding 300 miles, this river offers many, many places to catch shad, though most of the better wading fly water is above Port Jervis, New York. Port Jervis is an American City in Orange County, New York. The population was 8860 at the 2000 census The Delaware River recently hosted rock star Dean Ween for his fishing show Skunked during a premier episode fishing for shad. Dean Ween (also known as Deaner) is the Stage name of Michael "Mickey" Melchiondo Jr From there to Hancock, Route 97 follows the river affording access on and off for over seventy miles. Hancock is a Village in Delaware County, New York, United States. There are numerous pull-offs and rapids on Route 97. To name just a few good tail outs: up and downstream from the Barryville Bridge; downstream from the Lackawaxen Bridge (parking on the Pennsylvania side); Cedar Rapids; Ten Mile River Access; and down from Kellams Bridge just north of Hankins. A good map of this area can be found at http://www.gonefishing-gs.com/RiverMap.htm.
Connecticut: Unlike the Delaware, the shad on the Connecticut River have to pass a number of dams, each one thinning the numbers that push farther upstream. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The Connecticut River is the largest River in New England, flowing south from the Connecticut Lakes in northern New Hampshire, along the border The river is pretty big to fish without a lead line and a boat, so waders pretty much have to look for confluences like that of the Farmington River near Windsor. The Farmington River is a river located in northwest Connecticut and southwest Massachusetts. The Hammonasset River around Clinton reportedly has some good fly water. The Hammonasset River is formed about 4 miles southeast of Durham Connecticut along a gulley on the north end of Bunker Hill at about a half mile northeast of the junction of Clinton is a town located on Long Island Sound in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States.
Massachusetts and Vermont: Holyoke Dam — perhaps the state's most famous spot — is too crowded to be any fun. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. In the Springfield area, it would be better to try spots below the Willimanset Bridge or the confluence of the Chicopee River. Springfield is a City in and the County seat of Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. The Chicopee River originates in a small village of Palmer Massachusetts called Three Rivers from the confluence of the Quaboag River, Ware River and Swift But you'll have a more pastoral experience fishing up and down from the Rock Dam (not a dam at all, just rocks) access at Turners Falls. Turners Falls is a Census-designated place in the town of Montague in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. Some coastal rivers like the Palmer and the North are also reported to have less crowded conditions. The North River is a river approximately 8 Miles (13 Km) long in eastern Massachusetts, the United States. Shad go all the way up into Vermont as far as Bellows Falls, though the Vernon dam has significantly decreased the run by this point. Bellows Falls is an incorporated Village located in the town of Rockingham in Windham County, Vermont, United States. Vernon is a town in Windham County, Vermont, United States. The population was 2141 at the 2000 census
Maryland and Washington, D.C. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D : Here's where you start running into significant numbers of hickory shad, which though similar to American shad, are smaller cousins with a predilection for small bait fish imitations. Below the Conowingo Dam on the Susquehanna River is a popular spot, and in Washington D. The Conowingo Dam (also Conowingo Hydroelectric Plant, Conowingo Hydroelectric Station) is a large Hydroelectric Dam in the Lower Susquehanna The Susquehanna River (originally "Sasquesahanough" per the 1612 John Smith map is a River located in the northeastern United States. C. try Fletchers Boathouse and below Chain Bridge on the Potomac River. The Potomac River flows into the Chesapeake Bay, located along the mid- Atlantic coast of the United States. These are not particularly wadeable spots, and can be busy, but they consistently offer good fishing. In addition, the Potomac is sufficiently narrow in places to afford shore fishing opportunities in the aforementioned stretch. Spinfishing has been the historical norm, but flyfishing has been very popular recently. Deer Creek is also a good spot, though only for Hickories. Deer Creek is a large Stream in Maryland that flows through the scenic areas of Harford County, and empties into the Susquehanna River, roughly
Virginia: The James River's tributaries offer a variety of opportunities, as do the York River tributaries like the Mattaponi south of Aylett and the Pamunkey. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state The James River in the US state of Virginia is a long River, including its Jackson River source The York River is a navigable Estuary, approximately 40 mi (64 km long in eastern Virginia in the United States. The Mattaponi River is a Tributary of the York River Estuary in eastern Virginia in the United States. The Pamunkey River is a Tributary of the York River, about 90 mi (145 km long in eastern Virginia in the United States. Other hot spots include the Chickahominy at Walkers Dam below Lexana and the Nottoway. For the tribe see Chickahominy (tribe. Chickahominy also known as "the Chick" is a River in the southeastern portion The Nottoway River is in southern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina. But some of the best wading can be had on the Rappahannock around Old Mill Park in Fredericksburg (park on river road so you don’t get locked into the parking lot), and down from the Route 1 bridge where there are a couple parking places. The Rappahannock River is a river in eastern Virginia in the United States, approximately 184 mi (294 km in length Fredericksburg is an Independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia and is located 50 miles south of Washington D Wading from the north side is recommended.
North Carolina and South Carolina: Try Cape Fear River at the Lock & Dam No. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States South Carolina ( is a state in the southern region ( Deep South) of the United States of America. The Cape Fear River is a long Blackwater river in east central North Carolina in the United States. 1 and the Tar River upstream of Rocky Mount railway bridge. The Tar River is a River that is approximately 346 kilometers (215 miles long of northeast North Carolina flowing generally southeast to an Estuary of Rocky Mount is an All-America City Award -winning city in Edgecombe and Nash counties in the coastal plains of the U In low water, the Roanoke between US 158 and the Weldon Boat Ramp offers some access to shad. The Roanoke River is a river in southern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina in the United States, 410 mi (660 km long Weldon is a town in Halifax County, North Carolina, United States. The Cashie River near the US 17 bridge is very wadeable, though this is primarily hickory shad territory. Also of note is the Pee Dee River below Blewett Fall dam. The Pee Dee River, also known as the Great Pee Dee River, is a River in North Carolina and South Carolina.
Georgia: Shad rivers include the Ogeechee, Woodbine, Satilla, Altamaha and the Savannah River at Bluff Lock dams near Augusta. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule Ogeechee River is a 230 mile long River in the US state of Georgia. The Satilla River rises in Ben Hill County Georgia near the town of Fitzgerald, and it flows in a mostly easterly direction to the Atlantic Ocean. The Altamaha River is a major River of the US state of Georgia. For the Department of Energy facility see Savannah River Site The Savannah River is a major river in the southeastern United States Augusta Georgia is a city in Richmond County, Georgia, United States.
Florida: The St. Johns River meanders through swamps and savannas, a completely different shad river from the Delaware’s stony rapids and draws. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The St Johns River (officially Saint Johns River, but commonly spelled St And as if that weren’t enough, the season is from December through March. Some excellent fly water can be accessed from Route 46 between Sanford and Titusville – all this within easy reach of Orlando. Sanford is a city in and the County seat of Seminole County, Florida, United States. Titusville is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. Orlando is a major City in central Florida, USA and is the County seat of Orange County Florida. Except in unusual conditions, the shad stays fairly deep, requiring weight on the line or fly. Many fly fishermen will use an unusual 1/64 oz. "micro-jig", that resembles a tiny casting bass jig, although it commonly has short nylon feathering to the rear.
Most shad in the St. Johns, however, are taken either by slow trolling or drift casting, i. e. casting upriver and letting the lure drift with the current. Most fishermen use a Y-shaped "shad rig", consisting of two lures spaced one to two feet apart, with a weight on a swiveled line between them or in front of them. The two lures are either two "shad darts" -- a very small bright jig (as small as 1/64 oz. , but usually 1/4 oz. and about one inch long) -- or a shad dart in front and a spoon spinner in back. Sometimes a live grub is threaded onto the dart. The shad stay near the bottom unless the water is unusually high, so the rig is designed to keep the lure a foot off the bed.
The male shad is an excellent game fish, showing multiple jumps and an occasional end-over-end; it has been called a "freshwater tarpon". The pregnant female does not fight much, but is often kept for the roe. In times past, the St. Johns held an annual shad tournament in February, and an estimated 1,000 boats could be seen trolling the river north of Sanford. Today, there is a bag limit of 10.
References
- "Alosa sapidissima". FishBase. FishBase is a comprehensive Database of information about Fish. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. November 2005 version. N. p. : FishBase, 2005.
- Alosa sapidissima (TSN 161702). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Integrated Taxonomic Information System ( ITIS) is a partnership designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the Taxonomy of biological Species Retrieved on 18 April 2006. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- Faria, R. ; Weiss, S. & Alexandrino, P. (2006): A molecular phylogenetic perspective on the evolutionary history of Alosa spp. (Clupeidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40(1): 298–304. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.008 (HTML abstract
Footnotes
- ^ Alose. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. TheFreeDictionary.com. TheFreeDictionarycom is an Online Dictionary and Encyclopedia which gathers Information from a variety of sources Farlex, Inc. . Retrieved on 2007-04-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ STATE OF CONNECTICUT, Sites º Seals º Symbols; Connecticut State Register & Manual; retrieved on January 4, 2007
- ^ Hudson River Maritime Museum Kingston Shad Festival
- ^
"Fish-nets on the Peedee River", from River Fisheries of the United States, Artist unknown, in the Nat. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Oc. A. Assoc. NMFS collection. For a very interesting high quality version of the entire aquatint, click the thumbnail.
External links
- Video - American Shad Restoration: Gill Net Fishing on the Potomac River.
- Shad Roe recipe from "The Boston Cooking-school Cook Book" by Fannie Farmer, published in 1918.
- [1] Village Voice article, "Shad Madness".
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