Allanite is a sorosilicate group of minerals within the broader epidote group that contain a significant amount of rare earth elements. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The silicate minerals make up the largest and most important class of rock-forming Minerals They are classified based on the structure of their silicate Ion group Epidote is a Calcium Aluminium Iron sorosilicate Mineral, Ca2Al2(Fe3+Al(SiO4(Si2O7O(OH Rare earth elements and rare earth metals are according to IUPAC, the collection of seventeen Chemical elements in the Periodic table, namely It has the general formula Ca(Ce,La,Y,Ca)Al2(Fe2+,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH). The International Mineralogical Association lists three minerals in the allanite group, each recognized as a unique mineral: allanite-Ce, allanite-La and allanite-Y, depending on the dominant rare earth present.
Allanite, also called orthite, contains up to 20% rare earth elements and is a valuable source of them. Other elements can also substitute in the structure including thorium. Thorium (ˈθɔːriəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Th and Atomic number 90 The inclusion of thorium and other radioactive elements results in some interesting phenomena. Allanite often has a halo of radiation damage in the minerals immediately adjacent. Also highly radioactive grains of allanite often have their structure disrupted or are metamict. Metamictization (sometimes called metamiction) is a natural process resulting in the gradual and ultimately complete destruction of a Mineral 's Crystal lattice
Allanite is usually black in color, but can be brown to brown-violet. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and forms prismatic crystals usually disseminated in igneous rocks. In Crystallography, the monoclinic Crystal system is one of the 7 lattice Point groups A crystal system is described by three vectors. Igneous rocks (etymology from Latin ignis, fire are rocks formed by solidification of cooled Magma (molten rock It has a Mohs hardness of 5. The Mohs scale of mineral hardness characterizes the scratch resistance of various Minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material 5 and a specific gravity of 3. Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the Density of a given solid or liquid substance to the density of water at a specific temperature and pressure typically 3 - 4. 2.
It was discovered in 1810 and named for the Scottish mineralogist, Thomas Allan (1777-1833). Year 1810 ( MDCCCX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. The mineralogist Thomas Allan was born in Edinburgh Scotland on 17 July 1777 to a family of Scottish merchants and bankers Year 1777 ( MDCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1833 ( MDCCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The type locality is Aluk Island, Greenland. Aluk Island, is an Island off Prins Christian Sound, in Kitaa (West Greenland Province Greenland. Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the
References
Dictionary
allanite
-noun
- (mineralogy) Any of a group of silicate minerals that are a source of rare earth metals
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