In U.S. law, an alien is a term Americans use for a person (person includes both corporations and humans) who is not a citizen of the United States. In Law legal status refers to the concept of individuals having a particular place in society relative to the law as it determines the laws which affect them The term person is used in Common sense to mean an individual Human being. Nationality is a relationship between a Person and their State of Origin, Culture, association Affiliation and/or Loyalty Naturalization is the acquisition of Citizenship or Nationality by somebody who was not a citizen or national of that country when he or she was born The Leave to Remain is the legal status of a person issued by a government office of internal affairs to one who is not yet a citizen Immigration refers to the movement of people among countries While the movement of people has existed throughout human history at various levels modern immigration implies long-term Illegal immigration refers to Immigration across National Borders in a way that violates the Immigration laws of the destination Country Statelessness is the Legal and social concept of a person lacking belonging (or a legally enforceable claim to any recognised State. A native-born citizen of a country is a person who was born within the country's territory and has been legally recognized as that country's citizen from birth Naturalization is the acquisition of Citizenship or Nationality by somebody who was not a citizen or national of that country when he or she was born Multiple citizenship, or multiple nationality is a status in which a person is concurrently regarded as a Citizen under the laws of more than one state. The term migrant worker has different official meanings and connotations in different parts of the world the United Nations' definition is very broad essentially including anyone According to the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, a refugee is a person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race Illegal immigration refers to Immigration across National Borders in a way that violates the Immigration laws of the destination Country A political prisoner is someone held in Prison or otherwise detained perhaps under House arrest, for his or her involvement in political activity A stateless person is someone with no Citizenship or Nationality. Administrative detention - Is an arrest without trial usually for security reasons Immigration law refers to national Government policies which control the phenomenon of Immigration to their country Nationality law is the branch of a country's legal system wherein legislation custom and court precedent combine to define the ways in which that country's Nationality and The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation Nativism is an Opposition to immigration which originated in United States politics with roots in the country's historic role as a Melting pot. Illegal immigration refers to Immigration across National Borders in a way that violates the Immigration laws of the destination Country The law of the United States was originally largely derived from the Common law system of English law, which was in force at the time of the Revolutionary [1] A foreigner is a citizen of the United States not a citizen of the state in question as in a New York corporation is a foreign company inside New Jersey.
Types of "alien" persons (not only in the U. S. context) are:
- An alien insurer is company which is a citizen of another country.
- An alien who is legally permitted to remain in a country which is foreign to him or her. On specified terms, this kind of alien may be called a legal alien of that country.
- An alien who has temporary or permanent residence in a country (which is foreign to him/her) may be called a resident alien of that country. Permanent residency refers to a person's visa status the person is allowed to reside indefinitely within a country despite not having Citizenship.
- A visitor with the legal right to visit a country (which is foreign to him/her) may be called a nonresident alien of that country.
- The term illegal alien commonly refers to a foreign national who resides in another country unlawfully, either by entering that country at a place other than a designated port-of-entry or as result of the expiration of a non-immigrant visa. Illegal immigration refers to Immigration across National Borders in a way that violates the Immigration laws of the destination Country A visa (short for the Latin carta visa, lit "a document that has been seen" is a document issued by a Country giving an individual The important distinction is that this person intends to remain in the country indefinitely. A tourist who has the present intent to leave would be included as a legal alien described above. Today the preferred term by the politically correct is illegal immigrant because the word alien has become unpopular.
- An enemy alien is an alien who is designated as an enemy; compare to enemy combatant. In Law an enemy alien is a citizen of a country which is in a state of conflict with the land in which he or she is located The term enemy combatant has historically referred to members of the armed forces of the state with which another state is at war
- In Latvian passports, the term alien is used for so-called non-citizens (nepilsoņi): former citizens of USSR who have no citizenship, but have some legal ties with Latvia. Latvian passports are issued to citizens of Latvia to facilitate international travel if needed and are obligatory when a person turns 16 Non-citizens or aliens (nepilsoņi in Latvian law are individuals who are not citizens of Latvia or any other country but who in accordance with the Latvian The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
See also
- Citizen
- Corporation
- Dual citizen
- Immigration
- Naturalization
- Gaikokujin
- California Alien Land Law of 1913
- Alien and Sedition Acts
- Non-citizens (Latvia)
References
- ^ Allatson, Paul (2006). A corporation is a separate legal entity usually used to conduct business Multiple citizenship, or multiple nationality is a status in which a person is concurrently regarded as a Citizen under the laws of more than one state. Immigration refers to the movement of people among countries While the movement of people has existed throughout human history at various levels modern immigration implies long-term Naturalization is the acquisition of Citizenship or Nationality by somebody who was not a citizen or national of that country when he or she was born is a Japanese word meaning "foreigner" or "non-Japanese" The California Alien Land Law of 1913 prohibits "aliens ineligible for citizenship" (i The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed in 1798 by the Federalists in the United States Congress —who were waging an undeclared naval war with France Non-citizens or aliens (nepilsoņi in Latvian law are individuals who are not citizens of Latvia or any other country but who in accordance with the Latvian Key Terms in Latino/a Cultural And Literary Studies. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 1405102500.
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