| Ali Mahdi Muhammad | |
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| In office January, 1991 – June, 1995 |
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| Preceded by | Mohamed Siad Barre |
| Succeeded by | Mohamed Farrah Aidid |
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| Born | 1938 |
| Nationality |  Somali |
| Political party | United Somali Congress (USC) |
Ali Mahdi Muhammad (Somali: Cali Mahdi Maxamed; born 1938) was president of Somalia from January (when Mohammed Farah Aidid removed the then president Mohamed Siad Barre) to November of 1991, but was not able in that time to exert control over the country. This page contains a list of the Presidents of Somalia. See also History of Somalia List of Prime Ministers of Somalia Mohamed Siad Barre (Maxamed Siyaad Barre محمّد سياد بري) (b General Mohamed Farrah Aidid (محمد فرح عيديدمحمد فرح عيديد December 15 1934 – August 2 1996 was a controversial Somali leader often described Somalis ( Soomaaliyeed, الصوماليون are an ethnic group located in the Horn of Africa, also known as the Somali Peninsula. The United Somali Congress (USC is one of the major political and paramilitary organizations of Somalia. The Somali Civil War is an armed conflict in Somalia that started in 1988 The United Somali Congress (USC is one of the major political and paramilitary organizations of Somalia. Somali ( Af Soomaali, الصوماليه is a member of the East Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by ethnic Somalis Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known General Mohamed Farrah Aidid (محمد فرح عيديدمحمد فرح عيديد December 15 1934 – August 2 1996 was a controversial Somali leader often described Mohamed Siad Barre (Maxamed Siyaad Barre محمّد سياد بري) (b Following this, the nation fell into anarchy with the only power being held by local warlords and separatist groups. Anarchy (from αναρχία anarchía, "without ruler " may refer to any of the following "Absence of government a state of lawlessness He presently lives in Mogadishu. Mogadishu ( Somali: Muqdisho, popularly Xamar, Hamar; مقديشو Maqadīshū [1]
Contents |
Career
United Somali Congress (USC)
He was a leading member of the Abgaal clan elements within the USC. The United Somali Congress (USC is one of the major political and paramilitary organizations of Somalia. Early in the Somali Civil War he and Mohammed Farah Aidid worked together to oust Siad Barre. The Somali Civil War is an armed conflict in Somalia that started in 1988 General Mohamed Farrah Aidid (محمد فرح عيديدمحمد فرح عيديد December 15 1934 – August 2 1996 was a controversial Somali leader often described Mohamed Siad Barre (Maxamed Siyaad Barre محمّد سياد بري) (b But no sooner had Barre been ousted than Ali Mahdi Muhammad had himself declared Barre's successor as interim President. The shock of the news caused an irreparable sundering of the USC between those who followed Ali Mahdi ("USC Mahdi", mainly members of the Abgaal clan) and those who followed Aidid (who went on to create the Somali National Alliance, or "USC/SNA"). See also Somali clan Abgaal are a Somali clan and are part of the Hawiye. The Somali National Alliance ( SNA) was a political alliance formed in June 1992 with Mohamed Farrah Aidid as its head
The warring between these two leaders continued on through the 1992–95 UN missions to Somalia (UNOSOM I, UNOSOM II, and UNITAF). UNOSOM I (United Nations Operation in Somalia was the first part of a United Nations (UN sponsored effort to provide facilitate and secure humanitarian relief in Somalia UNOSOM II (United Nations Operation in Somalia was the second phase of the United Nations intervention in Somalia. Unified Task Force (UNITAF was a United States led United Nations sanctioned multinational force which operated in the Republic of Somalia from 9 During 1995, Mohammed Aidid claimed the title of the President of Somalia. This intense rivalry continued on even after the death of Mohammed Farah Aidid, as SNA leadership was passed on to Aidid's son, Hussein Mohammed Farah Aidid, who also claimed the Presidency of Somalia. Hussein Mohamed Farrah ( Xuseen Maxamed Faarax و حسين محمد فرح born August 16, 1962 in Beledweyne, Somalia) is the son
On December 17, 1996, Ali Mahdi Mohamed attacked Hussein Aidid's headquarters after five days of fighting that left 135 dead in Mogadishu. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) [2]
On December 22, 1997, Hussein Aidid relinquished the disputed title of President by signing the Cairo Declaration, in Cairo, Egypt following a peace process between Salbalar administration and Soodare Group. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The Cairo Declaration was a result from Cairo Conference at Cairo, Egypt, on November 27, 1943. Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Thereafter, neither Aidid nor Ali Mahdi would have the claim to the Presidency. It was the first major step towards reconciliation since 1991. [3]
On March 30, 1998, Ali Mahdi Mohamed and Hussein Aidid put together a peace plan which shared power over Mogadishu, ending a period of seven years of fighting since the ouster of Siad Barre. Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Mohamed Siad Barre (Maxamed Siyaad Barre محمّد سياد بري) (b [2]
Transitional National Government (TNG)
In November 2002, as a member of parliament of the Transitional National Government (TNG), the predecessor to the present Transitional Federal Government (TFG), Ali Mahdi Muhammad blamed Ethiopia for interfering in the meetings. The Transitional National Government of Somalia was established in April –May 2000 at the Somalia National Peace Conference (SNPC held in Djibouti The Transitional National Government of Somalia was established in April –May 2000 at the Somalia National Peace Conference (SNPC held in Djibouti The Transitional Federal Government (TFG of the Somali Republic ( Dowladda federaalka kumeelgaarka) is the present internationally recognized government of Somalia He left the Eldoret conference in Kenya in to return to Mogadishu, saying the conference was a waste of time. See also Somali Civil War, Disarmament in Somalia The 2002 Somali Reconciliation Conference, sometimes called the Eldoret conference were a The Republic of Kenya is a country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north Somalia to the northeast Tanzania to the south [4]
| Preceded by Muhammad Siad Barre |
President of Somalia 1991 – 1995 |
Succeeded by Mohamed Farrah Aidid |
References
- ^ Template error: argument title is required. Mohamed Siad Barre (Maxamed Siyaad Barre محمّد سياد بري) (b This page contains a list of the Presidents of Somalia. See also History of Somalia List of Prime Ministers of Somalia General Mohamed Farrah Aidid (محمد فرح عيديدمحمد فرح عيديد December 15 1934 – August 2 1996 was a controversial Somali leader often described . He is accused of accepting large amounts of money from toxic dumping companys to relieve their waste in Somali territorial waters, many of the toxic was discovered when the 2002 tsunami occurred in the Indian ocean. |title=Somalia: Some key actors in the transitional process |url=http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/0/cd80e675a2fba86a49256ff90029df0f?OpenDocument |date=2005-05-06 |publisher=IRIN |accessdate=2007-02-07 }}
- ^ a b Timeline Somalia Timelines. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Integrated Regional Information Networks, commonly known as IRIN, is a project of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ws
- ^ "Somali Factions Sign Peace Agreement", CNN, 1997-12-22. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Retrieved on 2007-01-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1129 - Formal approval of the Order of the Templar at the Council of Troyes.
- ^ "Somali warlord quits peace talks", BBC, 2002-11-18. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 326 - The old St Peter's Basilica is consecrated 1302 - Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull Retrieved on 2007-01-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks
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