Alfonso III (1265 – 18 June 1291), called the Liberal (el Liberal) or the Free (also "the Frank," from el Franc), was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona (as Alfons II) from 1285. The House of Barcelona ( Casa d'Aragona in Italian history) was a medieval dynasty that ruled the County of Barcelona continuously from 878 and the Alfonso II (Aragon or Alfons I (Provence and Barcelona ( Huesca, 1157 &ndash Perpignan, 1196 called the Chaste or the Troubadour Peter II of Aragon ( 1174 &ndash September 12 1213) surnamed the Catholic, was the king of Aragon (as Pedro II and count of Alfonso II ( 1174- 1 Dec, 1209) was the second son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. Peter II of Aragon ( 1174 &ndash September 12 1213) surnamed the Catholic, was the king of Aragon (as Pedro II and count of James I the Conqueror ( Catalan: Jaume el Conqueridor, Aragonese: Chaime lo Conqueridor, Spanish: Jaime el Conquistador James I the Conqueror ( Catalan: Jaume el Conqueridor, Aragonese: Chaime lo Conqueridor, Spanish: Jaime el Conquistador Peter the Great ( Catalan: Pere el Gran, Spanish: Pedro el Grande; 1239 &ndash 2 November 1285) was the King of Aragon James II (Jaume (died 1311 was King of Majorca and Lord of Montpellier from 1243 until his death Not to be confused with Elizabeth of Aragon, Isabella of Aragon (Duchess of Milan and Isabella of Aragon Princess of Asturias. Peter the Great ( Catalan: Pere el Gran, Spanish: Pedro el Grande; 1239 &ndash 2 November 1285) was the King of Aragon James II ( 10 August 1267 in Valencia &ndash 2 November or 5 November 1327 in Barcelona) called the Just Frederick II of Sicily may refer to Frederick III of Sicily, who technically was Frederick II but used Frederick III Frederick II Holy Roman Saint Elizabeth of Portugal also known as Elizabeth of Aragon (1271&ndash 4 July 1336) ( Elisabet in Catalan, Isabel in James II ( 10 August 1267 in Valencia &ndash 2 November or 5 November 1327 in Barcelona) called the Just Alfonso IV, called the Kind (also the Gentle or the Nice, Catalan: Alfons el Benigne) (1299 &ndash 24 January 1336 was the Alfonso IV, called the Kind (also the Gentle or the Nice, Catalan: Alfons el Benigne) (1299 &ndash 24 January 1336 was the Peter IV (also known as Pedro or Pere 5 September 1319, Balaguer – 5 January 1387) called the Ceremonious ( el Ceremonioso Peter IV (also known as Pedro or Pere 5 September 1319, Balaguer – 5 January 1387) called the Ceremonious ( el Ceremonioso John I ( December 27, 1350 &ndash May 19, 1396) called by posterity the Hunter ( Juan el Cazador in Castilian Martin of Aragon (1356 &ndash 31 May 1410) called the Elder, the Humane, the Ecclesiastic, was the King of Aragon, Eleanor of Aragon ( 20 January 1358 &ndash 13 August 1382) was a daughter of King Peter IV of Aragon and his wife Eleanor of Ferdinand I (Ferran - Catalan (Medina del Campo Castile 27 November 1380 &ndash Igualada Catalonia 2 April 1416) called of Antequera John I ( December 27, 1350 &ndash May 19, 1396) called by posterity the Hunter ( Juan el Cazador in Castilian Yolande of Aragon, ( 11 August 1384, Saragosa, Aragon &ndash 14 November[[ 442]] was a daughter of John I of Aragon Martin of Aragon (1356 &ndash 31 May 1410) called the Elder, the Humane, the Ecclesiastic, was the King of Aragon, Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries This is a list of the rulers of Aragon, now a region of north-eastern Spain. The Count of Barcelona was the major ruler in Catalonia from the 9th until the 17th century He conquered the Kingdom of Majorca between his succession and 1287. The Kingdom of Majorca was founded by James I of Aragon, also known as James The Conqueror.
He was a son of Peter III of Aragon and his Queen consort Constantia of Sicily, daughter and heiress of Manfred of Sicily. Peter the Great ( Catalan: Pere el Gran, Spanish: Pedro el Grande; 1239 &ndash 2 November 1285) was the King of Aragon A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning king. Constantia or Constance ( 1249 - 9 April, 1302) was the Queen consort of Peter III of Aragon. Manfred ( Venosa, 1232 &ndash Benevento February 26, 1266) was the King of Sicily from 1258 to 1266 His maternal grandmother Beatrice of Savoy was a daughter of Amadeus IV of Savoy and Anne of Burgundy. Amadeus IV (1197 &ndash June 24 or July 13 1253) was Count of Savoy from 1233 to 1253
Soon after assuming the throne, he conducted a campaign to reincorporate the Balearic Islands into the Kingdom of Aragon - which had been lost due to the division of the kingdom by his grandfather, James I of Aragon. The Balearic Islands ( Catalan and official Illes Balears; Spanish: Islas Baleares) are an Archipelago in the western Mediterranean The Kingdom of Aragon was an old kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula, corresponding to the modern-day autonomous community of Aragon ( James I the Conqueror ( Catalan: Jaume el Conqueridor, Aragonese: Chaime lo Conqueridor, Spanish: Jaime el Conquistador Thus in 1285 he declared war on his uncle, James II of Majorca, and conquered both Majorca (1285) and Ibiza (1286), effectively reassuming suzerainty over the Kingdom of Majorca. James II (Jaume (died 1311 was King of Majorca and Lord of Montpellier from 1243 until his death The Kingdom of Majorca was founded by James I of Aragon, also known as James The Conqueror. He followed this with the conquest of Minorca - until then, an autonomous Muslim state (Manûrqa) under the Kingdom of Majorca - on 17 January 1287, the anniversary of which now serves as Minorca's national holiday. Minorca ( Catalan and Spanish: Menorca; from Latin Balearis Minor, later Minorica "minor island" is one of the A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion Manûrqa (منورقة was the Arabicized name given to the island of Minorca by the Muslims from its annexation to the Caliphate of Cordoba by 'Isâm
He initially sought to maintain the Aragonese control over Sicily early in his reign by supporting the claims to island of his brother, James II of Aragon. James II ( 10 August 1267 in Valencia &ndash 2 November or 5 November 1327 in Barcelona) called the Just However, he later pressed his brother to retract the claims and instead supported claim from the Papal States. The Papal States, State(s of the Church or Pontifical States (in Italian Stato Ecclesiastico, Stato della Chiesa, Stati della Chiesa
His reign was marred by a constitutional struggle with the Aragonese nobles, which eventually culminated in the articles of the Union of Aragon - the so called "Magna Carta of Aragon", which devolved several key royal powers into the hands of lesser nobles. The Union of Aragon ( Castilian: Unión de Aragón) was an anti-royalist movement among the nobility and the townsmen of the lands of the Crown of Aragon His inability to resist the demands of his nobles was to leave a heritage of disunity in Aragon and further dissent amongst the nobility, who increasingly saw little reason to respect the throne, and brought the Kingdom of Aragon close to anarchy.
He died at the age of 27 in 1291, and buried in Barcelona. He bore no children, despite being married on August 15, 1290 to Princess Eleanor of England, daughter of Edward I of England and Princess Eleanor of Castile. Eleanor of England ( 18 June 1269 &ndash 29 August, 1298) was the eldest surviving daughter of Edward I of England and his first
Dante Alighieri, in the Divine Comedy, recounts that he saw Alfonso's spirit seated outside the gates of Purgatory with the other monarchs whom Dante blamed for the chaotic political state of Europe during the 13th century. The Divine Comedy See also Intermediate state Limbo|Heaven|Sheol|Hades in Christianity|Hell in Christianity Purgatory, in the original sense is the condition or process of purification
References
- Alighieri, Dante, Purgatorio, Canto VII, l. 115ff.
- Nelson, Lynn. The Chronicle of San Juan De LA Pena: A Fourteenth-Century Official History of the Crown of Aragon (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991) ISBN 0-8122-1352-1
- O'Callaghan, Joseph. A History of Medieval Spain (Cornell University Press, 1983) ISBN 0-8014-9264-5
| Preceded by Peter III | King of Aragon and Valencia, Count of Barcelona 1285-1291 | Succeeded by James II |
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