| Alexandru Macedonski | |
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 Alexandru Macedonski |
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| Born | March 14, 1854 Bucharest, Wallachia |
| Died | November 24, 1920 (aged 68) Bucharest, Romania |
| Occupation | poet, literary critic, journalist |
| Nationality | Romanian |
| Writing period | 1870–1912 |
| Genres | lyric poetry |
| Literary movement | Symbolism, Parnassianism, Romanticism |
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Influences
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Alexandru Macedonski (also spelled Alexandru Macedonschi; March 14, 1854, Bucharest— November 24, 1920), the grandson of Dimitrie Macedonski, was a Romanian writer and literary critic, known especially for having promoted French Symbolism in his native country, and influenced by the works of Gérard de Nerval, Charles Baudelaire, and Parnassian poets. Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Year 1854 ( MDCCCLIV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. This article is about the region in what is now Southern Romania Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. Nationality is a relationship between a Person and their State of Origin, Culture, association Affiliation and/or Loyalty Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania A literary genre is a category of literary composition Genres may be determined by Literary technique, tone, Content, or even (as in the case of fiction Lyric poetry refers to a usually short poem that expresses personal feelings which may or may not be set to music This is a list of modern literary movements: that is movements after the Renaissance. "Symbolic" redirects here For other uses see Symbolism (disambiguation and Symbolic (disambiguation. Parnassianism (or less commonly parnasism) was a literary style characteristic of certain French poetry during the positivist period of the 19th century Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Gérard de Nerval (ʒeʁaːʁ də nɛʁval ( May 22, 1808 &ndash January 26, 1855) was the Nom-de-plume of the Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Year 1854 ( MDCCCLIV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Dimitrie Macedonski (circa 1780 &ndash 1843 was a Wallachian Pandur captain and revolutionary leader The Romanians (dated Rumanians or Roumanians; Romanian: români or historically and today rather seldom and only regional rumâni Literary criticism is the study discussion evaluation and interpretation of Literature. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century Art movement of French and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts Gérard de Nerval (ʒeʁaːʁ də nɛʁval ( May 22, 1808 &ndash January 26, 1855) was the Nom-de-plume of the Parnassianism (or less commonly parnasism) was a literary style characteristic of certain French poetry during the positivist period of the 19th century He was one of the first Romanian poets to have used blank verse and vers libre. Blank verse is a type of Poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but no Rhyme. Free verse is a term describing various styles of Poetry that are written without using strict meter or Rhyme, but that still are recognizable as poetry
Life
At age 16, Macedonski traveled alone through Austria-Hungary, Italy and Switzerland. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Afterwards, he resettled in Bucharest.
Starting with the founding, in 1880, of the literary magazine Literatorul, Macedonski created a poetic school of which he remained the revered master for many years afterwards. Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The group was a reaction to the cultural dominance of the Junimea society, contrasting it with the newer tendencies in European literature. Junimea was a Romanian Literary society founded in Iaşi in 1863 through the initiative of several foreign-educated personalities led by His first period of creativity, lasting until the 1890s, is marked by ample verses and Romantical esthetics or satirical traits. The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Aesthetics or esthetics ( also spelled æsthetics) is commonly known as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values sometimes called Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human Its most important product is the poetical cycle of Nopţi ("Nights"), inspired by the similar Nuits in Alfred de Musset's Poésies nouvelles. Alfred Louis Charles de Musset-Pathay Along with his poetry he is known for writing La Confession d'un enfant du siècle ( The Confession of a Child of the Century
After 1890, Macedonski poetry is usually expressed in rondeau form, the author being one of the select few of Romanian poets to have chosen this expression form. This article is about the poetry form For other uses see Rondeau. All five rondeau cycles (Rondelurile pribege, Rondelurile celor patru vânturi, Rondelurile rozelor, Rondelurile Senei and Rondelurile de porţelan) were reunited in the posthumous volume Poema Rondelurilor (1927). Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
In the early 1900s, Macedonski went to Paris, where he published a novel in French (Le calvaire de feu), without encountering much success. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people After the Romanian artistic life had started being dominated by Mihai Eminescu and his admirers - who rejected the esthetics of Symbolism -, and until his death in 1920, Macedonski was viewed as an important poet only by a few friends and followers. Aesthetics or esthetics ( also spelled æsthetics) is commonly known as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values sometimes called With the advent of Modernism in the 1920s, Macedonski's poetry was rediscovered, and he was regarded as a great precursor by such authors as Tudor Arghezi, Ion Barbu, Tudor Vianu and George Bacovia. Modernism describes an array of Cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada Tudor Arghezi (pronunciation in Romanian: /'tudor ar'gezi/ May 21, 1880 &mdash July 14, 1967) was a major Romanian writer Ion Barbu ( Pen name of Dan Barbilian; 18 March 1895, Rucăr, Argeş County &ndash 11 August 1961 Tudor Vianu ( January 8 1898 – May 21 1964) was a Romanian literary critic, art critic George Bacovia (the Pen name of George Vasiliu; &ndash May 22, 1957) was a Romanian symbolist Poet.
Works
- Poetry:
Prima verba (1872);
Poesii (1882);
Excelsior (1895);
Flori sacre (1912);
Poema rondelurilor (1927)
- Prose:
Dramă banală (1896);
Cartea de aur (1902);
Le calvaire de feu (1906);
Thalassa (1915);
Nuvele (a volume of collected short-stories) (1923)
- A play:
Moartea lui Dante Alighieri (1916)
External links
- (French) Michel Wattremez, La réception de Gérard de Nerval en Roumanie (1855-1943). Autour de Macedonski
- (Romanian) Alexandru Macedonski: Timeline
- (English) About Alexandru Macedonski at ici.ro
- (Romanian) Alexandru Macedonski: Poezii- biografie
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