Alexander McDougall (about 1731–1786) was an American seaman, merchant, a Sons of Liberty leader from New York City before and during the American Revolution, and a military leader during the Revolutionary War. Year 1731 ( MDCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1786 ( MDCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Sons of Liberty was a Secret organization of American Patriots which originated in the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution. The City of New York In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" He served as a major general in the Continental Army, and as a delegate to the Continental Congress. Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries The American Continental Army was an Army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America The Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that became the governing body of the United States during the After the war, he was the president of the first bank in the state of New York and served a term in the New York State Senate. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The New York State Senate is one of two houses in the New York State Legislature and has members each elected to two-year terms
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Early life
McDougall was born on the Isle of Islay, in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland in about 1731. Islay (ˈaɪlə Ìle, ˈiːʎə a Scottish Island, known as "The Queen of the Hebrides" ( Banrìgh nan Eilean) is the southernmost The Inner Hebrides ( Scottish Gaelic: Na h-Eileanan a-staigh - the inner isles is an Archipelago off the west coast of Scotland, to the south Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. He was one of the five children of Ranald and Elizabeth McDougall. In 1738 the family emigrated, going to New York as part of a party led by a former army officer, Captain Lachlan Campbell. Year 1738 ( MDCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Campbell had described fertile land available near Fort Edward, but when they arrived in New York City, they discovered that Lachlan had been awarded a patent for about 30,000 acres (121 km²) and expected them to become tenants to his estate. Ranald withdrew and found work on a dairy farm on the island of Manhattan. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York The family prospered and young Alexander began his commercial career as a delivery boy for milk in New York.
In around 1745, when he was fourteen, Alexander signed on as a merchant seaman. He worked on a number of vessels, and then in 1751 he visited his extended family back on Islay. He stayed only a few months, but married a cousin, Nancy McDougall, and brought her back to New York. He continued a seagoing merchant career, rising to command and eventually own a cargo sloop, the Schuyler.
Privateer to merchant
When the French and Indian War became an official war in 1756 as the Seven Years' War, McDougall added six guns to his ship, the Tyger, and became a merchant privateer. The French and Indian War (1754&ndash1763 was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War. Year 1756 ( MDCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Seven Years' War (1756&ndash1763 involved all of the major European powers of the period causing 900000 to 1400000 deaths A privateer was a private Warship authorized by a country's Government by Letters of marque to attack foreign shipping He captured a number of French ships, and by 1759 he had converted one of these into a twelve gun warship, the Barrington. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Year 1759 ( MDCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year An able captain as well as a knowledgeable merchant, he made a small fortune in captured ships and the sale of their cargo.
In 1763 McDougall gave up the seafaring life. Year 1763 ( MDCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The war had ended, his wife Nancy died, as did his father. He was left with responsibility for his three children and his mother. So he converted his seagoing assets, invested in land and became a merchant and importer. By 1767 he had his affairs in good order. He owned land in Albany County and as far away as North Carolina. Albany County is a County located in the US state of New York, generally located in the vicinity of Albany New York, the Capital North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States He remarried, this time to Hannah Bostwick. Though their increasing wealth earned them recognition, but not acceptance into the traditional society in New York City. Alexander was too loud and unpolished. He spoke with a heavy Scottish accent and wore gaudy clothes.
Prelude to revolution
When revolutionary fervor grew with resistance to the Stamp Act, McDougall became active in the Sons of Liberty, and later was their leader in the city. The Stamp Act of 1765 (short title Duties in American Colonies Act 1765; 5 George III c The Sons of Liberty was a Secret organization of American Patriots which originated in the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution. Difficulties in the city and colony were increased by the Quartering Act, which required the colonists to provide housing and support to the British troops. Quartering Act is the name of at least two acts of the Parliament of Great Britain. The Province of New York assembly had refused to pass appropriations for their housing in 1767 an 1768, and been prorogued. The Province of New York (1664-1776 (Provincie New York resulted from the capture of the Dutch Republic colony of Provincie Nieuw-Nederland by the Then the new assembly of 1769 approved money for their support. Year 1769 ( MDCCLXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a McDougall wrote and had printed an anonymous broadside, To the Betrayed Inhabitants, which criticized the vote and sparked the Battle of Golden Hill. The Battle of Golden Hill was a clash between British Soldiers and British colonists that occurred on January 19 1770 in New York City The Sons of Liberty called him, "the Wilkes of America". John Wilkes ( 17 October 1725 – 26 December 1797) was an English radical, journalist and politician He was accused of libel and arrested on February 7, 1770, but refused to post bail, so he was jailed. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1770 ( MDCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Friday He spent two periods in jail, for a total of about five months, but wasn't convicted. His imprisonment became another cause for protest, and his wife Hannah led marches down Broadway to the jail. He had so many visitors that he had to schedule appointments. The protests led to his release, but he was re-arrested later and jailed again. Finally, the new governor William Tryon ordered his unconditional release. William Tryon ( June 8, 1729 – January 27, 1788) was colonial Governor of the Province of North Carolina (1765-1771 and
McDougall became the street leader of the Sons of Liberty, and organized continued protests until the city became under de facto control of the Patriots in 1775. The Sons of Liberty was a Secret organization of American Patriots which originated in the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution. This article concerns Patriots in the American Revolution. For other uses see Patriot (disambiguation. He organized the city's reaction to the Tea Tax in 1773 and led their action, similar to the Boston Tea Party. Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Boston Tea Party was an act of Direct action protest by the American colonists against the British Government in which they destroyed many He became a member of the Committees of Correspondence and Safety, the New York City Committee of Sixty and when New York established their revolutionary government in 1775, he was elected to the New York Provincial Congress. The committees of correspondence were bodies organized by the local governments of the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution for the purposes of coordinating The Committee of Sixty was an extra-legal group formed in New York City, in 1775 by rebels to enforce the Continental Association, a boycott of British The Province of New York (1664-1776 (Provincie New York resulted from the capture of the Dutch Republic colony of Provincie Nieuw-Nederland by the The New York Provincial Congress (1775-1777 was an organization formed by rebels in 1775 during the American Revolution, as a replacement for the Province of New York
Continental Army
He was commissioned colonel of the 1st New York Regiment on June 30, 1775 and a brigadier general in 1776 and a major general in 1777. The 1st New York Regiment was authorized on May 25, 1775 and organized at New York City from June 28 to August 4 for service with the Continental Army He participated in the battles of White Plains and Germantown. He was stationed for most of the war in the Highlands of the Hudson, much of the time as commanding officer. In 1782 a quarrel with General Heath led to his arrest and court martial for insubordination.
After War Years
He represented New York in the Continental Congress 1781-1782 and 1784-1785 and served as a state senator 1783 to 1786. He was one of the organizers and the first president of the Bank of New York. The Bank of New York, abbrieviated BNY, was a global Financial services company that existed until its merger with the Mellon Financial Corporation
He died June 9, 1786.
Legacy
Macdougal Street in the New York City's Greenwich Village is named for him. MacDougal Street is a one way street in New York City in Greenwich Village. The City of New York Greenwich Village (ˌgrɛnɪtʃ ˈvɪlɪdʒ often simply called the Village, is a largely residential area on the west side of downtown (southern Manhattan
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