Alexander Dalrymple (July 24, 1737 – June 19, 1808) was a Scottish geographer and the first Hydrographer of the British Admiralty. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 1737 ( MDCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. A geographer is a Scientist whose area of study is Geography, the study of Earth 's physical environment and Human habitat The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (or UKHO) is an organisation within the UK government responsible for providing Navigational and other hydrographic The Admiralty was formerly the authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy. He was the main proponent of the theory that there existed a vast undiscovered continent in the South Pacific, Terra Australis Incognita. A continent is one of several large Landmasses on Earth. They are generally identified by Convention rather than any strict criteria with seven regions The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Terra Australis ( Latin, "land of the south" was a theorized continent appearing on European maps from the 15th to the 18th century He produced thousands of nautical charts mapping a remarkable number of seas and oceans for the first time and contributing significantly to the safety of shipping. His theories prompted a number of expeditions in search of this mythical land, until James Cook demonstrated its non-existence on his second voyage in 1772–1775. Captain James Cook FRS RN ( – 14 February 1779) was an English Explorer, Navigator and
Dalrymple was born at New Hailes, near Edinburgh, the seventh of sixteen children of Sir James Dalrymple and his wife the daughter of the Earl of Haddington. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Earl of Haddington is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1627 for the noted Scottish lawyer and judge Thomas Hamilton 1st Earl of Melrose. He went to London in 1752 and was appointed a writer in the British East India Company, being first posted to Madras. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or While with the EIC he became interested in the possibilities of trade with the East Indies and China and subsequently negotiated a treaty with the sultan of Sulu and visited Canton at the age of only 22. For the Star Trek character see Hikaru Sulu. For the sultanate see Sultanate of Sulu. Guangdong ( EFEO: Kouangtong; Pinyin Guǎngdōng; Postal map spelling: Kwangtung) is a province on the In 1765 he returned to London where was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 There he became acquainted with John Smeaton, who during the course of his studies on windmills had devised a descriptive scale for grading wind speed. This article is about the 18th century civil engineer For the baggage handler involved in the 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack, see John Smeaton (baggage This scale was included in the paper for which he was awarded the Copley Medal. The Copley Medal is a scientific award for distinguished achievement in any field of Science established by the Royal Society of London in 1731 In Defining the Wind: The Beaufort Scale and How a 19th-Century Admiral Turned Science into Poetry author Scott Huler relates that Dalrymple's voyages had convinced him that a standard scale for measuring the speed of wind at sea would be of great value to sailors, and that he had included Smeaton's scale in his work Practical Navigation, which was written around 1790 but never published. It is believed that Dalrymple conveyed this information to Francis Beaufort who later refined the wind scale that bears his name and that is still in use today. Rear-Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort, FRS, FRGS (7 May 1774 &ndash 17 December 1857 was a Hydrographer and officer in Britain 's Royal Navy
Whilst translating some Spanish documents captured in the Philippines in 1752 Dalrymple had found Luis Vaez de Torres testimony proving a passage south of New Guinea now known as Torres Strait. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Luis Váez de Torres (born c 1565; fl 1607) was a 16th-17th century Spanish maritime explorer serving the Spanish Crown New Guinea, located just north of Australia, is the world's second largest island, having become separated from the Australian mainland when the area now known The Torres Strait is a body of water which lies between Australia and the Melanesian island of New Guinea. This discovery led Dalrymple to publish the Historical Collection of the Several Voyages and Discoveries in the South Pacific Ocean in 1770-1771 which aroused widespread interest in his claim of the existence of an unknown continent. This led Captain Cook to undertake another voyage into the South Pacific. He was bitterly disappointed that it was Captain Cook and not him who was appointed commander of the expedition which eventually led in 1770 to the British discovery and charting of the Eastern coastline of Australia.
References
Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 1 :1788-1850. 1966 Melbourne University Press.
Huler,Scott (2004). Defining the Wind: The Beaufort Scale, and How a 19th-Century Admiral Turned Science into Poetry. Crown. ISBDN 1-4000-4884-2
Dalrymple, Alexander (ca. 1790). Practical Navigation. Printer's proof. National Library of Scotland, shelfmark Nha. M90 (3)
Friendly, Alfred. Beaufort of the Admiralty. New York. Random House, 1977
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