Alejandro Jodorowsky
Born	February 7, 1929 (1929-02-07) (age 79) Tocopilla, Chile
Spouse(s)	Valerie Jodorowsky

Alejandro Jodorowsky (IPA: [ɑː.lɛ.ˈxɑːn.drɒ jɒ.dɒ.ˈrɒv.skiː]) (born February 7, 1929, in Tocopilla, Chile, of a Jewish Russian immigrant family) is an amateur scholar in comparative religion, playwright, director, producer, composer, actor, mime, comic book writer, tarot reader and historian, and psychotherapist. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tocopilla is a city and commune in the Antofagasta Region, in the north of Chile. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tocopilla is a city and commune in the Antofagasta Region, in the north of Chile. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Comparative religion is a field of Religious study that analyzes the similarities and differences of themes myths rituals and concepts among the world's religions A playwright, also known as a dramatist, is a person who writes dramatic literature or Drama. A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. A film producer is a person who creates the conditions for making movies. A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms Psychotherapy is an Interpersonal, relational intervention used by trained psychotherapists to aid clients in problems of living

Early years

Jodorowsky began his artistic activities at a very young age inspired greatly by film and literature. He began publishing his poetry in Chile when he was 16. At this time he worked alongside the Chilean poets Nicanor Parra and Enrique Lihn. Nicanor Parra Sandoval (born in San Fabián de Alico Chile on September 5, 1914) is a Mathematician and Poet often considered to Enrique Lihn Carrasco (1929-1988 was a Chilean Poet, Playwright, and Novelist. He developed an interest in puppetry and mime. At 17, he debuted as an actor and a year later he created the pantomime troupe, Teatro Mímico. In 1953 Jodorowsky wrote his first play, El minotauro (The Minotaur). The Minotaur is a novel by British writer Ruth Rendell, written under the Pseudonym Barbara Vine That same year he traveled to Paris to study pantomime with Etienne Decroux, the teacher of Marcel Marceau. Étienne Decroux ( July 19, 1898 in Paris, France - March 12, 1991 Marcel Marceau (born Marcel Mangel) ( 22 March 1923 &ndash 22 September 2007) was a well-known French Mime artist The next year he joined Marcel Marceau theatre troupe; the performances realized during this collaboration toured worldwide. After performing in Mexico in 1960, Jodorowsky decided to continue his stay in order to pursue other theatrical endeavors.

Los Pánicos

In February 1962, in Paris, Jodorowsky, along with Fernando Arrabal and Roland Topor, initiated El Pánico (The Panic), an artistic movement centered around three basic elements: terror, humor, and simultaneity. Fernando Arrabal Terán (born August 11, 1932 in Melilla, Spain) is a Spanish playwright, screenwriter, Roland Topor ( January 7, 1938 — April 16, 1997) was a French Illustrator, painter, Writer and These acts combine layers of physical postures inspired by the imagination and integrate artistic elements. Acts of this movement include Cuentos pánicos, Teatro pánico, Fabulas pánicas and Efímeros pánicos.

Throughout the 60’s and 70’s, working in Paris and Mexico, Jodorowsky created over one hundred theatrical productions. He directed works of his own in addition to those written by Leonora Carrington, Samuel Beckett, Eugen Ionesco, August Strindberg and others. Leonora Carrington (born April 6 1917) is a British -born artist a surrealist painter and while living in Mexico, a novelist Samuel Barclay Beckett (13 April 1906 – 22 December 1989 was an Irish Writer, Dramatist and poet Eugène Ionesco, born Eugen Ionescu ( November 26, 1909 – March 28, 1994 ( January 22, 1849  &ndash May 14, 1912) was a Swedish Writer, Playwright, and painter. El acto efímero (or "ephemeral performances") was acted out in public spaces, drawing attention to the quotidian while promoting critical awareness in both participants and audience. During these ephemeral acts the public is often unaware that an act of drama is being performed. Jodorowsky once stated: "the panic man is not, he is ever becoming" to reference Alfred Korzybski's influence on his thought. Alfred Habdank Skarbek Korzybski (kɔ'ʐɨpski ( July 3, 1879 &ndash March 1, 1950) was a Polish-American Philosopher

Beginning in 1966, Jodorowsky created comics relating to "El pánico. " These comics were made independently and in collaboration with illustrators including Jean "Mœbius" Giraud. Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. In the course of his comic career, Jodorowsky has created approximately 21 series including Fábulas pánicas, Los ojos del gato and El incal. All translated from Spanish into over ten languages.

Jodorowsky's first experience with movies was in 1957 in Paris, where he adapted Thomas Mann’s Las cabezas trocadas as La Cravate. Paul Thomas Mann ( June He next created Fando y Lis in Mexico in 1967. Fando y Lis is Alejandro Jodorowsky 's first feature length film Two years later, Jodorowsky created his most renowned film, El Topo (aka The Mole). El Topo ( The Mole) is a 1970 allegorical, cult Western movie and Underground film, directed by and In the following years additional films were realized including La montaña sagrada in 1972. La montaña sagrada ( The Holy Mountain, reissued as The Sacred Mountain) is a 1973 Cult film directed by Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Psychomagic

Recognized as one of the world's leading researchers of the divinatory tarot, Jodorowsky spent over fifteen years reconstructing the original form of the Tarot de Marseille. Origins of the Tarot Michael Dummett 's research led him to conclude that - based on the lack of earlier documentary evidence - the Tarot deck was probably invented in northern From this work he moved in to more therapeutic work in three areas: psychomagic, psychogenealogy and initiatic massage. Psychomagic is a term created by Chan Canasta, a pioneer in the 1950s and 1960s of Mentalism. Psychomagic aims to heal psychological wounds suffered in life. This therapy is based on the belief that the performance of certain acts can directly act upon the unconscious mind, releasing it from a series of traumas, some of which are passed down from generation to generation. Psychogenealogy includes the studying of the patient’s personality and family tree in order to best address their specific sources.

Jodorowsky has several books on his therapeutic methods, including Psicomagia: La trampa sagrada (Psychomagic: The Sacred Tramp) and his autobiography La danza de la realidad (The Dance of Reality). To date he has published over 23 novels and philosophical treaties, along with dozens of articles and interviews. His books are widely read in Spanish and French, but are for the most part unknown to English-speaking audiences. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people

Throughout his career, Jodorowsky has gained a reputation as a philosopher and scholar who presents the teachings of religion, psychology and spiritual masters, by molding them into pragmatic and imaginative endeavors. All of his enterprises integrate an artistic approach. Currently Jodorowsky dedicates much of his time to lecturing about his work.

It is important to note that for a quarter of a century, Jodorowsky held classes and lectures for free, in cafés and universities all over the city of Paris. Typically, such courses or talks would begin on Wednesday evenings as tarot lessons, and would culminate in an hour long conference, also free, where at times hundreds of attendees would be treated to live demonstrations of a psychological "arbre généalogique" ("tree of genealogy") involving volunteers from the audience. In these conferences, Jodorowsky would pave the way to building a strong base of students of his philosophy, which deals with understanding the unconscious as the "over-self" which is comprised of many generations of family relatives, living or deceased, acting on our own psyche, well into our adult lives, and causing our compulsions. Compulsion can refer to among other things Compulsion (album, a 1965 jazz album by American pianist Andrew Hill Compulsion It is important to note that of all his work, Jodorowsky considers these activities to be the most important of his life. Though such activities only take place in the insular world of Parisian cafés, he has devoted thousands of hours of his life to teaching and helping people "become more conscious," as he puts it.

Presently, these talks have dwindled to once a month and take place at the "Librairie Les Cent Ciels" in Paris.

Film-making career

He started his film career in Mexico with Fando y Lis (1968). Fando y Lis is Alejandro Jodorowsky 's first feature length film The feature-length film debuted in Acapulco at the Film Festival and is famous for having incited a full scale riot there, requiring that Jodorowsky be smuggled out in a limousine. Acapulco (Officially Acapulco de Juárez) is a City and major sea port in the state of Guerrero on the Pacific coast

Alejandro Jodorowsky speaking in Sitges festival of cinema 2006

El Topo (1970), a mystical Western, was his second film and is now considered a cult classic. Sitges (ˈsidʒəs in Catalan in English Catalonia, Spain is a small city about 35 kilometres southwest of Barcelona renowned worldwide for its El Topo ( The Mole) is a 1970 allegorical, cult Western movie and Underground film, directed by and A cult film is a Film that has acquired a highly devoted but relatively small group of fans. John Lennon and Yoko Ono helped to arrange the film's release and distribution in the United States through Beatles manager Allen Klein. John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (born born in Tokyo on February 18 1933 is a Japanese Artist and Musician. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Allen Klein (born December 18, 1931) is a controversial American businessman and record label executive

Jodorowsky's third film, La montaña sagrada (The Holy Mountain) (1973), was entirely financed by John Lennon and Yoko Ono. La montaña sagrada ( The Holy Mountain, reissued as The Sacred Mountain) is a 1973 Cult film directed by John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (born born in Tokyo on February 18 1933 is a Japanese Artist and Musician. At a projected budget of US$1,500,000, it was the most expensive Mexican film production to date. It has been suggested that The Holy Mountain may have been inspired by Rene Daumal's surrealist novel Mount Analogue. René Daumal (16 March 1908 - 21 May 1944) was a French writer philosopher and Poet. Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members Mount Analogue: A Novel of Symbolically Authentic Non-Euclidean Adventures in Mountain Climbing is a classic novel by the early 20th century French Surrealist

Jodorowsky began working in 1975 on an adaptation of Frank Herbert's Dune. Franklin Patrick Herbert Jr ( October 8 1920 &ndash February 11 1986) was a critically acclaimed and commercially successful American Dune is a Science fiction novel written by Frank Herbert and published in 1965. The project was intended to involve his son Brontis (Paul), Orson Welles as the Baron, Salvador Dalí as the Emperor, Mick Jagger as Feyd Rautha, Alain Delon as Duncan Idaho, Geraldine Chaplin as Lady Jessica, Dan O'Bannon for the script, Chris Foss, Pink Floyd, H. R. Giger and Jean Giraud (Mœbius). George Orson Welles (May 6 1915 – October 10 1985 was an Academy Award -winning director, writer actor and producer for film stage radio and television Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech 1st Marquis of Púbol (May 11 1904 &ndash January 23 1989 was a Spanish Catalan Surrealist Sir Michael Philip "Mick" Jagger, Kt (born 26 July 1943 is a Golden Globe -winning and two-time Grammy -winning English rock Alain Delon (born 8 November 1935) is a César Award -winning French Actor. Geraldine Leigh Chaplin (born July 31, 1944) is a Golden Globe and BAFTA Award -nominated actress and the daughter of Charlie Dan O'Bannon (born Daniel Thomas O'Bannon on September 30, 1946 in St Christopher Foss (born 1946 is a British Illustrator and science fiction artist best known for his Science fiction book covers and the illustrations for the original Pink Floyd are Hans Ruedi Giger (ˈɡi ɡɚ (born at Chur, Grisons Canton, February 5, 1940) is an Academy Award -winning Swiss Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. Ultimately, its funding evaporated, but Jodorowsky claimed it was sabotaged by the major studios in Hollywood because it was too French, a strange claim considering that Jodorowsky, while a naturalized citizen of France, has never identified with any particular country or culture (although the funding and his producer, Jerome Seydoux, were French). This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Naturalization is the acquisition of Citizenship or Nationality by somebody who was not a citizen or national of that country when he or she was born This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Many people close to the project claim that the set designs later turned up in Star Wars. Star Wars is an epic Space opera franchise initially conceived by George Lucas during the 1970s and significantly expanded Several of the people working on Jodorowsky's version of Dune later worked on Alien with elements (specifically those designed by Giger) similar to that of the failed Dune project. Alien is a 1979 science fiction / Horror film directed by Ridley Scott and starring Sigourney Weaver. Hans Ruedi Giger (ˈɡi ɡɚ (born at Chur, Grisons Canton, February 5, 1940) is an Academy Award -winning Swiss Whatever the opinions, Jodorowsky was the person who persuaded artist Mœbius to begin drawing science fiction at the beginning of the seventies, instead of "limiting himself to the Western genre. Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. " That decision triggered a "domino effect," which led to a massive revolution in science fiction design on both sides of the Atlantic. Director Ridley Scott credits the influence of a few French artists of that time for his decision to bring science fiction to the screen. Sir Ridley Scott (born November 30 1937 in South Shields, Tyne and Wear) is a British Academy Award Nominated and Golden Globe Emmy Award and BAFTA Award winning In the early 1980s, David Lynch would later make the first film adaptation of Dune. David Keith Lynch (born January 20 1946 is an American director, Screenwriter, producer, painter, Cartoonist, Composer This article is about the 1984 film See Frank Herbert's Dune for the 2000 television adaptation

After the collapse of the "Dune" project Jodorowsky completely changed course and, in 1980, premiered his children's fable "Tusk", shot in India. This article is about the 1984 film See Frank Herbert's Dune for the 2000 television adaptation Tusk ( French title "Poo Lorn L'Elephant" is a 1980 film directed by Cult film-maker Alejandro Jodorowsky and written Taken from Reginald Campbell's novel "Poo Lorn of the Elephants," the film explores the soul-mate relationship between a young British woman living in India and a highly prized elephant. Reginald Campbell was a British writer His novel Poo Lorn of the Elephants was filmed by Alejandro Jodorowsky in 1980 under the name Tusk. Soulmate (or soul mate) is a term sometimes used to designate someone with whom one has a feeling of deep and natural affinity Friendship, Love, Intimacy The film exhibited little of the director's outlandish visual style and was never given wide release. Jodorowsky has since disowned the film.

In 1989 Jodorowsky completed Mexican-Italian production Santa sangre (Holy Blood). Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Santa Sangre is a 1989 Mexican-Italian Surrealist Cult film directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky and written by Claudio Argento Holy Blood is a Folk metal band from Kiev, Ukraine, formed in 1999 The film received limited theatrical distribution, putting Jodorowsky back on the cultural map despite its mixed critical reviews. It delved into psychodrama territory, with its protagonist becoming the amputated arms and hands of his mother and committing a string of murders in the process. Psychodrama is a form of human development which explores through dramatic action the problems issues concerns dreams and highest aspirations of people groups systems and organizations Several of Jodorowsky's sons were recruited as actors.

He followed in 1990 with a very different film, The Rainbow Thief. Though it gave Jodorowsky a chance to work with actual "movie stars" Peter O'Toole and Omar Sharif, the producer effectively curtailed most of Jodorowsky's artistic inclinations, threatening to fire him on the spot if anything in the script was changed. Peter O'Toole (born 2 August 1932) is an Irish and British actor who achieved instant stardom in 1962 playing T Omar Sharif ( عمر الشريف; born April 10, 1932) is a two-time Academy Award -nominated and Golden Globe -winning Egyptian

In the 1990s and early 2000s, Jodorowsky attempted to make a sequel to El Topo, called at different times The Sons of El Topo and Abelcain, but could not find investors for the project. El Topo ( The Mole) is a 1970 allegorical, cult Western movie and Underground film, directed by and

Alejandro Jodorowsky

In 2000, Jodorowsky won the Jack Smith Lifetime Achievement Award from the Chicago Underground Film Festival (CUFF). The Chicago Underground Film Festival, ( CUFF) founded in 1994, occurs each August at various venues in Chicago, Illinois in the USA He attended the festival and his films were shown, including El Topo and The Holy Mountain, which at the time had grey legal status. According to festival director Bryan Wendorf, it was an open question of whether CUFF would be allowed to show both films, or whether the police would show up and shut the festival down.

Until 2007, Fando y Lis and Santa sangre were the only Jodorowsky's works available on DVD. DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is Neither El Topo nor The Holy Mountain were available on videocassette or DVD in the United States or the United Kingdom, due to ownership disputes with distributor Allen Klein. Videotape is a means of recording images and sound onto Magnetic tape as opposed to movie film. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Allen Klein (born December 18, 1931) is a controversial American businessman and record label executive After the dispute's settlement in 2004, however, plans to re-release Jodorowsky's films were announced by ABKCO Films. On January 19, 2007, the website [1] announced that on May 1, 2007, Anchor Bay released a box set including El Topo, The Holy Mountain, and Fando y Lis. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. A limited edition of the set includes both the El Topo and The Holy Mountain soundtracks. And, in early February 2007, Tartan Video announced its May 14, 2007, release date for the UK PAL DVD editions of El Topo, The Holy Mountain and the 6-disc box set which, alongside with the aforementioned feature films, includes the 2 soundtrack CDs, as well as separate DVD editions of Jodorowsky's 1968 debut feature Fando y Lis (with his 1957 short La cravate aka Les têtes interverties, included as an extra) and the 1994 feature-length documentary La constellation Jodorowsky. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Notably, Fando y Lis and La cravate were extensively digitally restored and remastered in London during late 2006, thus providing the perfect complement to the quality restoration work undertaken on El Topo and The Holy Mountain in the States by Abkco, and ensuring that the presentation of Fando y Lis is a significant improvement over the 2001 Fantoma DVD edition. Prior to the availability of these legitimate releases, only inferior quality, optically censored bootleg copies of both El Topo and The Holy Mountain have been circulated on the Internet and on DVD. A bootleg recording is an audio and/or Video recording of a performance that was not officially released by the artist or under other legal authority

In an interview with Premiere Magazine, Jodorowsky said his next project will be a gangster film called King Shot. Premiere was an American and New York City -based film Magazine published by Hachette Filipacchi Media U Marilyn Manson will play a 300-year-old pope, he said, and Nick Nolte has also expressed interest in working with the director. Brian Hugh Warner (born January 5, 1969) better known by his Stage name Marilyn Manson, is an American Musician and Nicholas King Nolte (born February 8, 1941) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actor, Film producer and ex- model Both are also listed as executive producers for the film, which has a projected release date of 2009 ^[1]In the interview, Jodorowsky also said he wanted to make a sequel to El Topo, but couldn't raise the funds.

'Anarchy and Alchemy' Cover (Creation Books)

The book Anarchy and Alchemy: The Films of Alejandro Jodorowsky is the first major English language study on the cinema of Jodorowsky.

Comic books

Jodorowsky started his comic career in Mexico with the creation of Anibal 5 series in the mid 1966 with illustrations by Manuel Moro, and had his turn in drawing his own comic strip in the weekly series Fabulas pánicas that appeared in the Mexican newspaper El Heraldo de México. He also wrote original stories for at least two or three other comic books in Mexico during those days: Los insoportables Borbolla was one of them. After his fourth film, Tusk, he started The Incal, with Jean Giraud (Mœbius). Tusk ( French title "Poo Lorn L'Elephant" is a 1980 film directed by Cult film-maker Alejandro Jodorowsky and written The Incal is a Science fiction Comic book saga written by Alejandro Jodorowsky and illustrated by Moebius. Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. This graphic novel has its roots deep in the tarot and its symbols, i. e. , the protagonist of The Incal, John Difool, is linked to the Fool card. The Fool or The Jester is one of the 78 cards in a Tarot deck The Incal (which would branch off into a prequel and sequel) forms the first in a sequence of several science fiction comic book series, all set in the same space opera Jodoverse (or "Metabarons Universe") published by Humanoids Publishing. A prequel is a work that portrays events and/or aspects of a previously completed narrative but is set prior to the existing narrative A sequel is a work in Literature, Film, or other media that portrays events following those of a previous work Space opera is a subgenre of Speculative fiction or Science fiction that emphasizes romantic, often Melodramatic adventure set mainly or entirely The Incal is a Science fiction Comic book saga written by Alejandro Jodorowsky and illustrated by Moebius. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius

Comic books set in this milieu are Incal (trilogy: Before the Incal/ Incal/ After the Incal), Metabarons (trilogy: Dayal de Castaka/ The Caste of the Metabarons/ The Dreamshifters]]) and The Technopriests 'and also a RPG adaptation, The Metabarons Roleplaying Game. A role-playing game ( RPG; often roleplaying game) is a Game in which the participants assume the roles of Fictional characters. The Metabarons Roleplaying Game is a Role-playing game set within the mystically-inclined and oppressive Space opera setting the Jodoverse Many ideas and concepts derived from Jodorowsky's planned adaptation of Dune (which he would have only loosely based upon Frank Herbert's original novel) are featured in this universe. Dune is a Science fiction novel written by Frank Herbert and published in 1965. Franklin Patrick Herbert Jr ( October 8 1920 &ndash February 11 1986) was a critically acclaimed and commercially successful American A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story

Mœbius and Jodorowsky sued Luc Besson, director of The Fifth Element, claiming that the 1997 film borrowed graphic and story elements from The Incal, but lost their case. Luc Besson (lyk bɛsɔ̃ born 18 March 1959 is a French Film director, writer and producer. The Fifth Element is a French 1997 Science fantasy, action, Comedy, Techno thriller film directed by The Incal is a Science fiction Comic book saga written by Alejandro Jodorowsky and illustrated by Moebius. ^[2] The suit was plagued by ambiguity since Mœbius himself had willingly participated in the creation of the film, having been hired by Besson as a contributing artist, but had done so without gaining the approval of Incal co-creator Jodorowsky, whose services Besson did not call upon. For over a decade, Jodorowsky pressured his publisher Les Humanoïdes Associés to sue Luc Besson for the flagrant act of plagiarism, but the said publisher refused, rightfully fearing the inevitability of the final outcome. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work In a 2002 interview with the Danish comic book magazine Strip!, Jodorowsky actually claimed that he considered it an honour that somebody stole his ideas, which is not surprising, as Jodorowsky believes that authors do not create the stories they tell as much as they make personal interpretations of myths universal to the collective human subconsciousness. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Privately, however, Jodorowsky has used harsh words in his retelling of how the plagiarizing of the Incal was supported by the courts, and often deplored the bias typically shown by French courts toward large industrial entities, to the detriment of Comic Book artists and writers. He has expressed great comfort, however, at the fact that anyone actually familiar with his creation has agreed that the work was obviously plagiarized by Besson.

Other action comics by Jodorowsky outside the genre of science fiction include the historically-based Bouncer illustrated by Francois Boucq, Juan Solo (Son of the Gun) and Le Lama blanc (The White Lama), both illustrated by Georges Bess. François Boucq (born 1955 in Lille) is a French Comic book artist. Georges Bess (1947 France) is a Comics artist and Comic book creator, best known for his collaborations with Alejandro Jodorowsky.

Le Cœur couronné (The Crowned Heart, translated into English as The Madwoman of the Sacred Heart), a racy satire on religion set in contemporary times, won Jodorowsky and his collaborator, Jean Giraud, the 2001 Haxtur Award for Best Long Strip. Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. The Haxtur Award ( Premios Haxtur) is a Spanish award for Comics published in Spain. He is currently working on a new graphic novel for the US market.

Jodorowsky's comic book work also appears in Taboo volume 4 (ed. A taboo is a strong Social prohibition (or ban) against words objects actions or discussions that are considered undesirable or offensive by a group culture Stephen Thrower), which features an interview with the director, designs for his version of Frank Herbert's Dune, comic storyboards for El Topo, and a collaboration with Moebius with the illustrated Eyes of the Cat. Stephen Thrower (born December 9, 1963 Ashton-Under-Lyne, Manchester, UK) is an English musician and author

He collaborated with Milo Manara in Borgia (2006), a graphic novel about the history of the House of Borgia. Milo Manara, byname of Maurilio Manara (born September 12, 1945 in Luson, Bolzano-Bozen) is an Italian Comic book

Comics bibliography

• Anibal 5, artwork by Moro [Mexico, 1966)
  • Fábulas pánicas (issues 1-5), artwork by Jodorowsky [Novaro, México, 1975].
    • Los insoportables Borbolla (issues 1-3), artwork by Moro [México, 1969].
    • Fabulas pánicas, approx. 120 different comic strips were published by El Heraldo de México (1968-1972)
• L'Incal, artwork by Moebius, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 L' Incal Noir, 1981
  • 2 L'Incal Lumière, 1982
  • 3 Ce qui est en bas, 1983
  • 4 Ce qui est en haut, 1985
  • 5 La Cinquième Essence - 1 Galaxie qui songe, 1988
  • 6 La Cinquième Essence - 2 La Planète Difool, 1989

• Avant l'Incal, artwork by Zoran Janjetov, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Adieu le père
  • 2 Détective privé de classe "R"
  • 3 Croot
  • 4 Anarcopsychotiques
  • 5 Ouisky, SPV et homéoputes
  • 6 Suicide Allée

• Après l'Incal, artwork by Moebius, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Le Nouveau rêve, 2000

• Les Technopères, artwork by Zoran Janjetov, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 La Pré-école Techno
  • 2 L'École pénitentiaire de Nohope
  • 3 Planeta Games
  • 4 Halkattrazz, l'étoile des Bourreaux
  • 5 La secte des Techno-évêques
  • 6 Les secrets du Techno-Vatican
  • 7 Le jeu parfait
  • 8 La Galaxie promise

• Les Aventures d'Alef-Thau, artwork by Arno, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 L'enfant tronc
  • 2 Le Prince Manchot
  • 3 Le Roi Borgne
  • 4 Le seigneur des illusions
  • 5 L'Empereur Boiteux
  • 6 L'homme sans réalité
  • 7 La porte de la vérité
  • 8 Le triomphe du rêveur (artwork by Covial)
  • Le monde d'Alef-Thau: Résurrection (artwork by Marco Nizzoli)

• Le Lama blanc, artwork by Georges Bess, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Le premier pas
  • 2 La seconde vue
  • 3 Les trois oreilles
  • 4 La quatrième voix
  • 5 Main ouverte, main fermée
  • 6 Triangle d'eau, triangle de feu

• Juan solo, artwork by Georges Bess, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Fils de flingue
  • 2 Les chiens du pouvoir
  • 3 La chair et la gale
  • 4 Saint salaud

• Aliot, 1996, artwork by Víctor de la Fuente, Dargaud
  • 1: Le fils des ténèbres

• Anibal cinq, artwork by Georges Bess, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Dix femmes avant de mourir, 1990
  • 2 Chair d'orchidée pour le cyborg, 1992

• Astéroïde Hurlant (2006)

• Borgia, artwork by Milo Manara, Albin Michel
  • 1 Du sang pour le pape, 2004
  • 2 Le pouvoir et l'inceste, 2006

• Bouncer, artwork by François Boucq, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Un diamant pour l'au-delà, 2001
  • 2 La pitié des bourreaux, 2002
  • 3 La justice des serpents, 2003
  • 4 La vengeance du manchot, 2005
  • 5 La proie des louves, 2006

• Face de lune, artwork by François Boucq, Casterman
  • 1 La cathédrale invisible, 1992
    • 1/2 Le dompteur de vagues, 2003
    • 2/2 La cathédrale invisible, 2003
  • 2 La pierre de faîte, 1997
    • 1/2 La pierre de faîte, 2004
    • 2/2 La femme qui vient du ciel, 2004
  • 3 ou 5 L'Œuf de l'Âme, 2004

• La caste des méta-barons, artwork by Juan Giménez, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Othon le Trisaïeul, 1992
  • 2 Honorata la Trisaïeule, 1993
  • 3 Aghnar le Bisaïeul, 1995
  • 4 Oda la Bisaïeule, 1997
  • 5 Tête d'Acier l'Aïeul, 1998
  • 6 Doña Vicenta Gabriela de Rokha l'Aïeule, 1999
  • 7 Aghora le Père-mère, 2002
  • 8 Sans nom, le dernier méta-baron, 2004
  • Hors série La maison des ancêtres, 2000
  • Int La caste des méta-barons - L'intégrale, 2003

• Dayal de Castaka, artwork by Das Pastoras, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Le Premier Ancêtre, 2007

• Mégalex, artwork by Fred Beltran, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 L'anomalie, 1999
  • 2 L'ange Bossu, 2002
  • 3 Le cœur de Kavatah, 2008

• Le Cœur couronné, artwork by Moebius, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 La Folle du Sacré Cœur, 1992
  • 2 Le Piège de l'irrationnel, 1993
  • 3 Le Fou de la Sorbonne, 1998

• Le Dieu jaloux, artwork by Silvio Cadelo, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 1 Le Dieu jaloux, 1984
  • 2 L'Ange carnivore, 1986
  • int La Saga d'Alandor, 1991

• Moebius, artwork by Moebius, Les Humanoïdes Associés
  • 8 Les Yeux du Chat, 1978
  • 10 Griffes d'Ange, 1994
  • 11 Chaos

Plays (incomplete)

• Zaratustra (Mexico, 1970)
• El ensueño
• La ópera del orden
• El Gorila
• Las sillas
• Penélope
• El diario de un loco
• El juego que todos jugamos (Mexico, 1976)
• Lucrecia Borgia" (Mexico, 1977)
• Opera panique
• El Sueno sin fin (Mexico, 2008)**Opening night April 15th

Other work

He weekly comments "good news" for the nightly "author newsreport" of his friend Fernando Sánchez-Dragó^[3] in Telemadrid. The Incal is a Science fiction Comic book saga written by Alejandro Jodorowsky and illustrated by Moebius. Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Zoran Janjetov ( Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Јањетов born June 23, 1961, Subotica) is a Serbian comics Artist The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Zoran Janjetov ( Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Јањетов born June 23, 1961, Subotica) is a Serbian comics Artist The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Georges Bess (1947 France) is a Comics artist and Comic book creator, best known for his collaborations with Alejandro Jodorowsky. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Georges Bess (1947 France) is a Comics artist and Comic book creator, best known for his collaborations with Alejandro Jodorowsky. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Les Éditions Dargaud is a publisher of Franco-Belgian comics series Georges Bess (1947 France) is a Comics artist and Comic book creator, best known for his collaborations with Alejandro Jodorowsky. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Milo Manara, byname of Maurilio Manara (born September 12, 1945 in Luson, Bolzano-Bozen) is an Italian Comic book Éditions Albin Michel is a French Publisher. It was founded in 1911 by Albin Michel. François Boucq (born 1955 in Lille) is a French Comic book artist. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius François Boucq (born 1955 in Lille) is a French Comic book artist. Casterman is a publisher of Franco-Belgian comics, specializing in Comic books and Children's literature. The Metabarons or The Saga of The Meta-Barons is a Science fantasy comic series relating the history of a Dynasty Juan Antonio Giménez López (born November 16, 1943) is an Argentine comic book artist The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (born May 8, 1938) is a French comics artist. The publishing house Les Humanoïdes Associés was founded in Europe in 1974 by Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Bernard Farkas and Moebius Telemadrid is the first autonomous television station of Madrid and the fifth national station after those of Catalonia, Euskadi, Galicia

Jodorowsky also released a 12" vinyl with the Original Soundtrack of Zarathustra (Discos Tizoc, Mexico, 1970)

Filmography

• Les têtes interverties (1957)
  • La Cravate
  • The Transposed Heads
  • The Severed Heads
• Fando y Lis (1967)
  • Fando and Lis
• El Topo (1970)
  • The Mole
• The Holy Mountain (1973)
• Tusk (1978)
• Santa Sangre (1989)
  • Holy Blood
• The Rainbow Thief (1990)
• King Shot (TBA)

Bibliography

• Cuentos Panicos (1963) illustrations by Roland Topor
• Teatro Pánico (1965)
• Juegos Pánicos (1965)
• El Topo, fábula pánica con imágenes (1970) scrreenplay from the film El Topo
• Fábulas Pánicas (1977) reprints from some strips of el Heraldo de Mexico
• Las ansias carnívoras de la nada (1991)
• Donde mejor canta un pájaro (1992)
• Psychomagie/Approches d´une thérapie panique (1995) ISBN 968-6941-04-5
• Griffes D´Ange (1996) illustrations by Jean Giraud
• Antología Pánica (1996) with Daniel González-Dueñas
• Los Evangelios para sanar (1997) ISBN 968-27-0701-3
• La Sagesse des blagues;Le doigt et la lune;Les histoires de Mulla Nasrudin (1997) illustrations by George Bess
• El niño del jueves negro (1999)
• Albina y los hombres-perro (2000)
• La Trampa Sagrada (2000)
• No basta decir (2000)
• La danza de la realidad (2001) Jodorowksy's autobiography ISBN 987-566-067-1
• El loro de las siete lenguas (2001)
• El Paso del ganso (2001)
• Ópera Panique,ou l`éloge de la quotidenneté (2001) play
• El tesoro de la sombra (2003)
• Fábulas Pánicas (2003) reprints of all strips of el Herlado de México
• El dedo y la luna (2004)
• Piedras del camino (2004)
• La voie du Tarot (2004)
• Yo, el tarot (2004)
• El Maestro y las Magas (2006)

Sources

Footnotes

External links

• Alejandro Jodorowsky at the Internet Movie Database
• BBC Collective video interview with film clips
• Jodorowsky official site (Spanish)
• The Symbol Grows: Alejandro Jodorowsky
• Jodorowsky le scénariste (contains list of comic works) (French)
• Jodo Universe: Inside the Esoteric Mind of Alejandro Jodorowsky (from Res Magazine)
• Premiere Magazine interview with Jodorowsky
• Publisher of Anarchy and Alchemy book
• A Book of the Film web adaptation of the screenplay + rare vintage interviews with Jodorowsky
• The Sounds of El Topo free mp3 downloads of the ultrarare Apple and "Shades of Joy" soundtrack releases + sound clips from the film
• JODOROWSKO página dedicada a Jodorowsky y su café La Temeraire
• Alejandro Jodorowsky - Unseen Dune
• Jodorowsky video interview
• Jodorowsky interviews Marylin Manson
• Dune: Book to Screen Timeline