| Aldermaston | |
  Aldermaston shown within Berkshire |
|
| Population | 927 (Civil Parish, 2001) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| Parish | Aldermaston |
| Unitary authority | West Berkshire |
| Ceremonial county | Berkshire |
| Region | South East |
| Constituent country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | READING |
| Postcode district | RG7 |
| Dialling code | 0118 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Royal Berkshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| European Parliament | South East England |
| UK Parliament | Newbury |
| List of places: UK • England • Berkshire | |
Aldermaston is a village and civil parish in the English county of Berkshire. Berkshire (ˈbɑːkʃə or /ˈbɑːkʃɪə/ say Baak-shuh/-sheer sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a Home County in the South In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government History The district of Newbury was formed on April 1, 1974, as a merger of the borough of Newbury Bradfield Rural District, Hungerford Rural The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Berkshire (ˈbɑːkʃə or /ˈbɑːkʃɪə/ say Baak-shuh/-sheer sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a Home County in the South The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one South East England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Reading postcode area, is a group of postal districts centered on Reading and Basingstoke in Southern England. The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Thames Valley Police is one of the largest Home Office Police services in England and the largest non- metropolitan one covering 2200 sq mi (5700 The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Royal Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service is a statutory fire and rescue service covering the area of the Ceremonial county of Berkshire in The South Central Ambulance Service NHS Trust is the authority responsible for providing NHS Ambulance services in Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, South East England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Newbury is a United Kingdom House of Commons constituency consisting of Newbury, Thatcham, Hungerford and a large A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of settlements in Berkshire, England. See the List of places in England for places in other counties A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet, but smaller than a Town or City. A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Berkshire (ˈbɑːkʃə or /ˈbɑːkʃɪə/ say Baak-shuh/-sheer sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a Home County in the South
During the 1950s and 1960s the name Aldermaston became synonymous with the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (AWRE), located in the south of the parish. For the World War II use of this facility see RAF Aldermaston The Atomic Weapons Establishment ( AWE) is responsible for the However, the housing development that accompanied AWRE occurred mainly in the town of Tadley, about two miles to the south. Tadley is a Town and Civil parish in the English county of Hampshire. The village of Aldermaston was almost untouched by the development of the research site and has remained a small country village.
Contents |
Geography
Aldermaston is situated at the southern edge of the flood-plain of the River Kennet which flows through the north of the parish. Kennet Fluss2 dbjpg|150px]] The upper reaches of the River Kennet near Avebury The The northern parish boundary follows the Kennet and Avon Canal and the River Enborne which joins the Kennet at Aldermaston Mill. The Kennet and Avon Canal is a Canal in southern England The name may refer to either the route of the original Kennet and Avon Canal Company, which linked the The River Enborne is a River that rises near Newbury Berkshire and flows into the River Kennet. Nearby are Aldermaston Gravel Pits, a site of Special Scientific Interest. Aldermaston Gravel Pits is a 2341 hectare (5775 acre Site of Special Scientific Interest in the Civil parish of Aldermaston in the English A Site of Special Scientific Interest or SSSI is a Conservation designation denoting a Protected area in the United Kingdom. The village sits at the crossing of the A340 and Church Road/Wasing Lane, just where the land begins to rise southward onto the higher ground around the largely wooded Aldermaston Park. The A340 is a major road in the south of England. Starting from Basingstoke, Hampshire, it runs north to Tadley before entering Berkshire Aldermaston Court is a Country house built in the Victorian era with incorporations from an earlier house located in the Village of Aldermaston There are lakes in the park and adjoining Broom Close. Still further south is the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) with the hamlet of Old Warren to the east. For the World War II use of this facility see RAF Aldermaston The Atomic Weapons Establishment ( AWE) is responsible for the A hamlet is (usually&mdashsee below a Rural community — that is a small settlement — which is too small to be considered a Village. The eastern parish boundary is formed by Padworth Gulley and the edge of Padworth Common, and the southern boundary by the A340 (before it turns north) and the B3051. Padworth is a Hamlet and Civil parish in the English county of Berkshire, between Burghfield Common and Tadley. The A340 is a major road in the south of England. Starting from Basingstoke, Hampshire, it runs north to Tadley before entering Berkshire A very small corner of Pamber Heath is within the bounds of Aldermaston. Pamber Heath is a village in north Hampshire, England. Only part of Aldermaston Wharf is in Aldermaston parish. Aldermaston Wharf is a small settlement situated north-northwest of Aldermaston in the West Berkshire district, part of the English county Aldermaston Soke is in Mortimer West End parish in Hampshire. Aldermaston Soke is a hamlet in England that lies on the county boundary between Berkshire and Hampshire, and is administratively part of the Mortimer West End is a village in north Hampshire, England. At one time part of the parish and the manor of Stratfield Mortimer, Berkshire, it Wildlife Hampshire has wildlife typical of the island of Great Britain
Transport
Aldermaston parish is crossed, from north to south, by the A340 which runs from the A4 Bath Road at Aldermaston Wharf to Tadley. Tadley is a Town and Civil parish in the English county of Hampshire. The old Roman road known as the Ermin Way once crossed the parish from east to west. The Roman Roads were essential for the growth of the Roman Empire, by enabling the Romans to move armies and trade goods and to communicate news Ermin Street or Ermin Way (not to be confused with Ermine Street, which is further east is one of the great Roman roads of Britain Aldermaston railway station is on the local railway service from Reading to Newbury, although the station is over a mile away in Aldermaston Wharf. Aldermaston railway station is a railway station named after the village of Aldermaston in the county of Berkshire in England. Reading (ˈrɛdɪŋ as Redding) is a town in England, located at the confluence of the River Thames and River Kennet, midway between Newbury is a Civil parish and the principal Town in the west of the County of Berkshire in England. There are moorings at Aldermaston Lock. Aldermaston Lock is a lock on the Kennet and Avon Canal, at Aldermaston Wharf in the English county of Berkshire.
Economy
There are a few small businesses within the village, notably the Aldermaston Pottery,[1] established in 1955 by studio potter Alan Caiger-Smith and sold in 2006. Studio pottery is made by modern artists working alone or in small groups producing unique items or Pottery in small quantities typically with all stages of manufacture carried Alan Caiger-Smith (born 1930 is a British Studio potter and writer on Pottery. Many businesses within the parish are in one of several business parks, e. g. Calleva Park. [2]
Culture
Aldermaston periodically holds an unusual type of auction, a candle auction. "Auctioneer" redirects here For the DC Comics supervillain see Auctioneer (comics. It takes place in the Parish Hall, and the lot is a three-year lease of Church Acre field. [3]
Since 1957 there has been an annual performance of the York Nativity Play from the 15th-century York Mystery Cycle. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) The York Mystery Plays are an English cycle of forty-eight Mystery plays or Pageants, which cover sacred history from the Creation The performances are at the Church of St Mary the Virgin in early December. The performers are local people and many have appeared in the play for years. [4]
Administration
Aldermaston is a civil parish with an elected parish council. It falls within the area of the unitary authority of West Berkshire. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions History The district of Newbury was formed on April 1, 1974, as a merger of the borough of Newbury Bradfield Rural District, Hungerford Rural Both the parish council and the unitary authority are responsible for different aspects of local government.
History
The name 'Aeldremanestone' came from Old English for 'Ealdorman's homestead'. The Ealdorman — or Alderman — was a person of extreme importance. An ealdorman (modern Alderman) was the prior magistrate of an Anglo-Saxon shire from 900 to the time of the Danes. An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions His equivalent today would be the Lord-Lieutenant of the County. The title Lord Lieutenant is given to the British Monarch 's personal representatives in the United Kingdom, usually in a county or similar circumscription with varying Although his country estate was here, he would have spent much time at his town-house in the county town of Wallingford. Wallingford is a small Market town and Civil parish in the upper Thames Valley in Oxfordshire, England. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Aethelwulf, the first known Ealdorman of Berkshire, fought the Danes with the King at nearby Englefield in 871. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a collection of Annals in Old English chronicling the history of the Anglo-Saxons. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Englefield is a Village and Civil parish in Berkshire, England, mostly within the bounds of the private walled estate of Englefield House
Prior to the Norman Conquest in 1066, the land and properties of Aldermaston had formed part of the estates of England's foremost magnate, Harold Godwinson, the Earl of Wessex — who would later become King Harold II of England. Harold Godwinson, (c 1022 &ndash 14 October 1066 also known as Harold II, is widely regarded as the last Anglo-Saxon King of England before the The title Earl of Wessex has been created twice in British history once in the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon nobility of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Harold Godwinson, (c 1022 &ndash 14 October 1066 also known as Harold II, is widely regarded as the last Anglo-Saxon King of England before the In the Domesday Survey of 1086, the Aldermaston estate included a mill, worth twenty shillings, and two fisheries, worth five shillings, and was held by William the Conqueror. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey This article is about a type of structure For other locational uses see Milldam. The shilling is a unit of Currency used in current and former Commonwealth countries and was continued to be used in countries that left the commonwealth William I of England ( 1027 His reign which brought Norman culture to England had an enormous impact on the subsequent course of England in the Middle Ages William and his army are believed to have camped on the estate on their way north from their victory at Hastings to cross the Thames at Wallingford before advancing on London. Hastings is a town on the coast of East Sussex in England; it is also the administrative centre for the Borough of the same name The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. During the remainder of the reign of William, and later his son William Rufus, Aldermaston was owned by the Crown. William II (c 1056 &ndash 2 August 1100) the third son of William I of England (William the Conqueror was King of England from 1087 There is no evidence of there being a large house at that time.
In 1100, Henry I granted the estate to Sir Robert Achard, a distinguished Norman soldier whose son built the north transept in the parish church. Henry I (c 1068/1069 – 1 December 1135) was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror, the first King of England after the Norman The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. A parish church, in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a Parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches According to the Pipe Rolls (a type of census) of 1167, the name had become Aldermannestun. The Pipe Rolls are a series of financial records from England, beginning in 1130 and lasting mostly complete until 1833. The medieval Achard family, who entertained Henry III at the manor in 1227, gave the parish church away to Monk Sherborne Priory in Hampshire and consequently are all buried at their secondary manor of Sparsholt. Henry III (1 October 1207 &ndash 16 November 1272 was the son and successor of John "Lackland" as King of England, reigning for fifty-six years from 1216 Monk Sherborne is a village in north Hampshire, England. Its church is the burial place of William of Drogheada. Wildlife Hampshire has wildlife typical of the island of Great Britain The estate remained in the family for over 250 years until Peter Achard died in 1361 without a male heir, when the estate was inherited by Thomas de la Mare.
In 1490, Sir Thomas died. John, his son, had died before his father, so his daughter Elizabeth inherited the estate. She married Sir George Forster, son of Sir Humphrey Forster. St Mary's Church contains their beautiful alabaster effigial monument (1530). Alabaster is a name applied to varieties of two distinct Minerals Gypsum (a hydrous sulfate of Calcium) and Calcite A church monument is an architectural or sculptural Memorial to a dead person or persons located within a Christian church The Hind's Head Inn gets its name from Forster family crest which may also be seen in the parish church. The pub has its own gaol-house round the back. Last used in the 1860s, its unfortunate inhabitant apparently burnt to death. Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting
Elizabeth I visited Aldermaston twice, in 1566 and 1592. The fifth Forster, also called Sir Humphrey, and his wife Anne built the mansion, known as Aldermaston House, in 1636. Aldermaston Court is a Country house built in the Victorian era with incorporations from an earlier house located in the Village of Aldermaston Aldermaston saw a lot of activity during the English Civil War. The English Civil War (1642-1651 was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists. In 1644, Parliamentary troops camped in the park. " Roundheads " was the Nickname given to the Puritan supporters of Parliament during the English Civil War. After the war all the estates were sequestered because of suspected Royalist sympathies and were not returned until 1660. Cavalier was the name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I during the English Civil War ( 1642 &ndash 1651
In 1752 the Forster male line died out and the estate passed by marriage to the Congreve family. Many changes to their estate occurred during the family's ownership. The lake by the house was created by damming the stream. The wrought-iron Eagle Gates, at the north-east of the estate, were won at a game of cards and moved to their present location from Midgham. The Kennet and Avon Canal was built along the northern edge of the estate. The Kennet and Avon Canal is a Canal in southern England The name may refer to either the route of the original Kennet and Avon Canal Company, which linked the In 1830, the Swing rioters of Western Berkshire marched across Aldermaston, wrecking some twenty-three agricultural machines. The Swing Riots were a widespread uprising by the rural workers of the arable south and east of England in 1830. Farmers were so frightened, it is said they placed their machinery out in the open to prevent any additional damage. On 13 January 1843, a serious fire destroyed more than a third of the house. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Year 1843 ( MDCCCXLIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common William Congreve never recovered from the fire and died within three months.
The property passed into Chancery, eventually being purchased in 1849 by Daniel Higford Davall Burr. The Court of Chancery was one of the courts of equity in England and Wales. Architect, Philip Hardwick, was commissioned to build a new manor house, Aldermaston Court, using as much of the old material as possible that had been saved from the fire. Aldermaston Court is a Country house built in the Victorian era with incorporations from an earlier house located in the Village of Aldermaston Daniel Higford Davall Burr died in 1885 and the estate passed to his son who only lived there for a few years before putting it up for sale. It was bought, for £16,000 in 1893, by Charles Edward Keyser, a stockbroker. Keyser was obsessed with the idea of keeping the village unchanged, which in his definition meant 'unspoilt'. He forbade advertisements, opposed all modernisation and refused to allow any expansion by the building of houses.
On his death in 1929, estate duties were high and the estate was put on a 'care and maintenance' basis. After the death of Mrs Charles Keyser in 1938, the whole estate was sold by her son, Norman, to a syndicate, Messers Cribble, Booth and Shepherd, who auctioned it off in separate lots at Reading Town Hall, beginning on 20 September 1939. Reading (ˈrɛdɪŋ as Redding) is a town in England, located at the confluence of the River Thames and River Kennet, midway between Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Many of the lots were bought by their occupants. The house and its immediate grounds were bought by Associated Electrical Industries Ltd but subsequently requisitioned by the government. The extensive parkland was also sold, but very soon afterwards was chosen by the government as a site for an airfield, RAF Aldermaston. For the post World War II use of this facility see Atomic Weapons Establishment RAF Aldermaston was a World War II airfield After the war Aldermaston Court was returned to AEI and became their nuclear research laboratory. The airfield had several occupants before being taken over by AWRE, which has since been renamed the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE).
Sources
- ^ Aldermaston Pottery. Pottery Studio. Retrieved on 2006-11-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani
- ^ Calleva Park. Country Estates Business Parks. Retrieved on 2006-11-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani
- ^ Ford, David Nash. Aldermaston. Royal Berkshire History. Retrieved on 2006-11-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani
- ^ Newbury Theatre (2006), Aldermaston - The York Nativity Play, <http://www.newburytheatre.co.uk/archive/200512a.htm>. Retrieved on 26 March 2007
Further reading
- Royal Berkshire History: Aldermaston
- Timmins, Gordon (2000). Aldermaston: a village history. Winchester: Hampshire County Council.
- Aldermaston Parish Council
- Aldermaston Parish Hall
- Atomic Weapons Establishment
- Aldermaston Village Cricket Club
- Aldermaston Rugby Football Club
- Aldermaston Players
- Demonstrations at Aldermaston - old newspaper reports from the British Library
External links
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