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Aladdin Sane
Aladdin Sane cover
Studio album by David Bowie
Released April 13, 1973
Recorded Trident Studios, London; RCA Studios, New York and Nashville; 6 October 1972 – 24 January 1973
Genre Glam rock
Length 40:47
Label RCA Records
Rykodisc Reissue July 13, 1990
Virgin Records Reissue September 28, 1999
Virgin Records 30th Anniversary Edition June 24, 2003
Producer Ken Scott, David Bowie
Professional reviews
David Bowie chronology
The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars
(1972)		 Aladdin Sane
(1973)		 Pin Ups
(1973)
Singles from Aladdin Sane
  1. "Drive-In Saturday"
    Released: April 6, 1973 (1973-04-06)

Aladdin Sane is a 1973 album by David Bowie. A studio album is an original collection of new tracks by a recording artist David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Trident Studios was a British recording facility, located at 17 St London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The City of New York Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Glam rock (also known as glitter rock) is a sub-genre of Rock music that developed in the UK in the post- Hippie early 1970s which was "performed by In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music RCA Records (originally The Victor Talking Machine Company, then RCA Victor is one of the flagship labels of Sony Music Entertainment. Rykodisc Records is an American Record label, owned by Warner Music Group. Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Virgin Records is a British Record label founded by English entrepreneur Richard Branson, Simon Draper, and Nik Powell Events 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Virgin Records is a British Record label founded by English entrepreneur Richard Branson, Simon Draper, and Nik Powell Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. In the Music industry, a record producer or music producer has many roles among them controlling the recording sessions coaching and guiding the musicians organizing Ken Scott (born April 20, 1947 in London) is an influential English Record producer and Recording engineer. David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. allmusic (previously All Music Guide) is a Metadata database about music owned by All Media Guide. Robert Christgau (born April 18 1942) is an American Essayist, Music journalist, and the self-declared "Dean of American Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. Pin Ups is a 1973 covers album by David Bowie, released by RCA (see 1973 in music) " Drive-In Saturday " is a song by David Bowie from his 1973 album Aladdin Sane. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. The follow-up to his breakthrough The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars, it was the first album Bowie wrote and released as a bona fide pop star. While many critics agree that it contains some of his best material, opinion as to its overall quality has often been divided. NME editors Roy Carr and Charles Shaar Murray called the album "oddly unsatisfying, considerably less than the sum of the parts",[1] while Bowie encyclopedist Nicholas Pegg describes it as "one of the most urgent, compelling and essential" of his releases. The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a Popular music Magazine in the United Kingdom which has been Roy Carr is an English Music Journalist. He joined the New Musical Express (NME in the 1960s and has edited NME, Charles Shaar Murray (born 1951 is an English Music Journalist. Nicholas Pegg is a British actor director and writer His acting work in the theatre includes productions for Nottingham Playhouse, Scottish Opera, [2] It was one of six Bowie entries in Rolling Stone's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time (at #277) and ranked #77 on Pitchfork Media's Top 100 Albums of the 1970s. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published Pitchfork Media, usually known simply as Pitchfork, is a Chicago -based daily Internet publication devoted to music criticism and commentary

Contents

"Ziggy goes to America"

The name of the album is a pun on "A Lad Insane". An early variation was "Love Aladdin Vein", which Bowie dropped partly because of its drug connotations. [3] Although technically a new Bowie 'character', Aladdin Sane was essentially a development of Ziggy Stardust in his appearance and persona, as evidenced on the cover by Brian Duffy and in Bowie’s live performances throughout 1973 that culminated in Ziggy’s ‘retirement’ at the Hammersmith Odeon in July of that year. The Hammersmith Apollo is a major entertainments and concert venue located in Hammersmith, London, England. Moreover there was not the thematic flow on this album that was present on its predecessor. [4]

Bowie himself described Aladdin Sane as simply "Ziggy goes to America", most of the tracks being observations he composed on the road during his 1972 U. S. tour – the reason for the place names following each song title on the original record sleeve. [2] Biographer Christopher Sandford believed the album showed that Bowie "was simultaneously appalled and fixated by America". [5]

Production and style

The bulk of Aladdin Sane was recorded at Trident Studios in London from December 1972 to January 1973, between legs of Bowie's U. Trident Studios was a British recording facility, located at 17 St London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. S. Ziggy Stardust tour. A desire to rush release the record was blamed for mixes on the Rolling Stones influenced "Watch That Man" and "Cracked Actor" that buried vocals and harmonica, respectively. [1][6] Bowie and producer Ken Scott have since refuted this suggestion regarding "Watch That Man", claiming that a remix they produced which brought the vocals forward was considered by Mainman management and RCA Records to be inferior to the original that was eventually released. Ken Scott (born April 20, 1947 in London) is an influential English Record producer and Recording engineer. RCA Records (originally The Victor Talking Machine Company, then RCA Victor is one of the flagship labels of Sony Music Entertainment. [6][7]

Aladdin Sane featured a tougher rock sound than its predecessor,[6] particularly on tracks like "Panic in Detroit" (built around a Bo Diddley beat) and Bowie’s breakneck version of the Stones' "Let's Spend the Night Together". " Panic in Detroit " is a song written by David Bowie for the album Aladdin Sane in 1973 Bo Diddley ( December 30 1928 &ndash June 2 2008, born Ellas Otha Bates) was an original and influential American " Let's Spend the Night Together " is a song by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards, originally released by The Rolling Stones in 1967 [1] The album was also notable for its exploration of unusual styles such as avant-garde jazz in the title track and Brechtian cabaret in "Time", the latter being famous for the line "Time . Avant-garde jazz (also known as avant-jazz) is a style of music and Improvisation that combines Avant-garde Art music and composition with " Aladdin Sane (1913-1938-197? " is a song by David Bowie, the title track from his 1973 album Aladdin Sane. (born; 10 February 1898&ndash14 August 1956 was a German Poet, Playwright, and Theatre director. " Time " is a song written by David Bowie in New Orleans in November 1972 during the American leg of his first Ziggy Stardust tour . . falls wanking to the floor". Both numbers were dominated by Mike Garson’s acclaimed piano work,[6] which also featured heavily in the James Bond flavoured ballad "Lady Grinning Soul", inspired by singer Claudia Linnear. Mike Garson is an American professional pianist, most notable for his work with David Bowie, Nine Inch Nails, Billy Corgan and The Smashing James Bond 007 is a Fictional character created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve Novels and two Short story [1]

Singles

Two hit singles that would be included on the album preceded its release, "The Jean Genie" and "Drive-In Saturday". " The Jean Genie " is a single by David Bowie, released in November 1972 " Drive-In Saturday " is a song by David Bowie from his 1973 album Aladdin Sane. The former (recorded at RCA's New York studios during the first leg of Bowie's American tour in late 1972) was a heavy R&B chug with lyrics loosely based on Iggy Pop,[8] the latter a futuristic doo wop number describing a time when the population has to relearn sex by watching old porn movies. The City of New York James Newell Osterberg Jr (born April 21, 1947) better known by his Stage name Iggy Pop, is an American rock singer Songwriter Doo-wop is a style of vocal-based Rhythm and blues music which developed in African-American communities in the 1940s and which achieved mainstream popularity both in the 1950s Pornography or porn is the explicit depiction of Sexual subject matter with the sole intention of sexually exciting the viewer [1] "Time" was later issued as a single in the U. S. and Japan, and "Let's Spend the Night Together" in the U. S. and Europe. In 1974, Lulu released a version of "Watch That Man" as the B-side to her single "The Man Who Sold the World", produced by Bowie and Mick Ronson. Lulu Kennedy-Cairns, OBE, (born Marie McDonald McLaughlin Lawrie on 3 November 1948 in Lennoxtown, East Dunbartonshire " The Man Who Sold the World " is a song by David Bowie. Mick Ronson (26 May 1946 &ndash 29 April 1993 was an English Guitarist, Composer, Multi-instrumentalist, Arranger and producer

Release and aftermath

With a purported 100,000 copies ordered in advance,[6] Aladdin Sane debuted at the top of the UK charts and reached #17 in America, making it Bowie's most successful album commercially in both countries to that date. Critical reaction was generally laudatory, if more enthusiastic in the U. S. than in the UK. [2] Rolling Stone remarked on "Bowie's provocative melodies, audacious lyrics, masterful arrangements (with Mick Ronson) and production (with Ken Scott)",[9] while Billboard called it a combination of "raw energy with explosive rock". Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry In the British music press, however, letters columns accused Bowie of 'selling out' and Let it Rock magazine found the album to be more style than substance, considering that he had "nothing to say and everything to say it with". [2]

Bowie performed all the tracks, except "Lady Grinning Soul", on his 1972-73 tours and many of them on the 1974 Diamond Dogs tour. Diamond Dogs is a Concept album by David Bowie, originally released by RCA in 1974 Live versions of all but "The Prettiest Star" and "Lady Grinning Soul" have been released on various discs including Ziggy Stardust - The Motion Picture, David Live and Aladdin Sane - 30th Anniversary. Ziggy Stardust - The Motion Picture is a live album by David Bowie, corresponding to the film of the same name. David Live is David Bowie ’s first official live album originally released by RCA in 1974 "The Jean Genie" is the only song on the album that Bowie has played in concert throughout his career. However "Panic in Detroit" has also appeared regularly in recent years, a remake of which was cut in 1979 but not released until added as a bonus track to the Rykodisc CD of Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps). Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps is an album by David Bowie, released in September 1980 by RCA Records.

Track listing

All songs written by David Bowie except where noted. David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. [10]

  1. "Watch That Man" New York – 4:25
  2. "Aladdin Sane (1913-1938-197?)" RHMS Ellinis – 5:06
  3. "Drive-In Saturday" Seattle–Phoenix – 4:29
  4. "Panic in Detroit" Detroit – 4:25
  5. "Cracked Actor" Los Angeles – 2:56
  6. "Time" New Orleans – 5:09
  7. "The Prettiest Star" Gloucester Road – 3:26
  8. "Let's Spend the Night Together" (Mick Jagger, Keith Richards) – 3:03
  9. "The Jean Genie" Detroit and New York – 4:02
  10. "Lady Grinning Soul" London – 3:46

Track listing note: On the original LP album release, side one was comprised of tracks 1-5; side two, of tracks 6-10. " Watch That Man " is a song written by David Bowie, the opening track on the album Aladdin Sane from 1973 The City of New York " Aladdin Sane (1913-1938-197? " is a song by David Bowie, the title track from his 1973 album Aladdin Sane. " Drive-In Saturday " is a song by David Bowie from his 1973 album Aladdin Sane. Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, " Panic in Detroit " is a song written by David Bowie for the album Aladdin Sane in 1973 " Cracked Actor " is a song written by David Bowie, originally released on the album Aladdin Sane in April 1973 Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West " Time " is a song written by David Bowie in New Orleans in November 1972 during the American leg of his first Ziggy Stardust tour New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana " The Prettiest Star " is a song by David Bowie, originally released as a single in 1970 Gloucester Road (B325 (pronounced) is a street in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea of London. " Let's Spend the Night Together " is a song by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards, originally released by The Rolling Stones in 1967 Sir Michael Philip "Mick" Jagger, Kt (born 26 July 1943 is a Golden Globe -winning and two-time Grammy -winning English rock Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943 is an English Guitarist, Songwriter, Singer, producer and a founding member of The Rolling " The Jean Genie " is a single by David Bowie, released in November 1972 " Lady Grinning Soul " is a ballad written by David Bowie, the final track on the album Aladdin Sane, released in 1973 London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Long play (LP record albums are 33⅓  Rpm vinyl Gramophone records (phonograph records generally either 10- or 12- Inches in diameter [10]

Personnel

Additional personnel

Compact disc releases

Aladdin Sane was first released in 1984 on CD by RCA. David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles A harmonica is a free reed Wind instrument which is played by blowing air into it or drawing air out by placing lips over individual holes (reed chambers or A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. The saxophone (commonly referred to simply as sax) is a conical- bored transposing Musical instrument considered a member of the Woodwind Mick Ronson (26 May 1946 &ndash 29 April 1993 was an English Guitarist, Composer, Multi-instrumentalist, Arranger and producer The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers Trevor Bolder (born 9 June 1950, Kingston upon Hull, England) is an English rock Bass guitarist Biography The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the Mick 'Woody' Woodmansey (born c 1951 is an English rock Drummer from Driffield, Yorkshire, best known for his work with David The drum is a member of the percussion group technically classified as a Membranophone. Mike Garson is an American professional pianist, most notable for his work with David Bowie, Nine Inch Nails, Billy Corgan and The Smashing The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its Linda Lewis (born Linda Ann Lewis, 27 September 1950, West Ham, London) is an English vocalist, a Songwriter A backing vocalist or backing singer (or especially in the US Warren Peace (ie "War and Peace" is a Pseudonym for Geoffrey Alexander MacCormack (also known as GA MacCormack and Mac Cormack an English A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio RCA Corporation, founded as Radio Corporation of America, was an electronics company in existence from 1919 to 1986

1990 Rykodisc/EMI

Dr. Toby Mountain at Northeastern Digital, Southborough, Massachusetts[11], remastered Aladdin Sane from the original master tapes for Rykodisc, who released it with no bonus tracks. Southborough is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Rykodisc Records is an American Record label, owned by Warner Music Group.

1999 EMI/Virgin

The album was remastered by Peter Mew at Abbey Road Studios without bonus material, with the same track listing as the 1984 CD release. Abbey Road Studios, established in November 1931 by EMI in London, England, is a Recording studio located at number 3 Abbey Road,

2003 EMI/Virgin

In 2003, a 2-disc version was released by EMI/Virgin. The second in a series of 30th Anniversary Reissue, this release had the 1999 remastered version as its first CD. The second disc contains ten tracks, a few of which had been previously released on CD as bonus tracks of the 1990-92 reissues.

Bonus CD (2003 EMI/Virgin)

  1. "John, I'm Only Dancing" ('sax' version) – 2:45
  2. "The Jean Genie" (single mix for single A-side, 1972) – 4:07
  3. "Time" (edit for single A-Side, 1973) – 3:43
  4. "All the Young Dudes" (mono mix) – 4:12
  5. "Changes" (Live) Boston Music Hall, October 1, 1972 (1972-10-01) – 3:20
  6. "The Supermen" (Live) Boston Music Hall, October 1, 1972 (1972-10-01) – 2:42
  7. "Life on Mars?" (Live) Boston Music Hall, October 1, 1972 (1972-10-01) – 3:25
  8. "John, I'm Only Dancing" (Live) Boston Music Hall, October 1, 1972 (1972-10-01) – 2:40
  9. "The Jean Genie" (Live) Santa Monica Civic Auditorium October 20, 1972 (1972-10-20) – 4:10
  10. "Drive-In Saturday" (Live) Cleveland Public Auditorium, November 25, 1972 (1972-11-25) – 4:53

Charts

Album

Year Chart Position
1973 UK Albums Chart 1
1973 U. " John I’m Only Dancing " is a single by David Bowie, released in September 1972 Audio mixing is the process by which a multitude of sound sources are combined into one or more channels A-side and B-side originally referred to the two sides of 7 inch Vinyl records on which singles were released beginning in the 1950s " All the Young Dudes " is a song written by David Bowie, originally recorded and released as a single by Mott the Hoople in 1972 Monaural (often shortened to mono) sound reproduction is single-channel " Changes " is a song by David Bowie, originally released on the album Hunky Dory in December 1971 and as a single in January 1972 A recorded live track is a song or audio sequence recorded from live performances (e Citi Performing Arts Center, formerly the Wang Center for the Performing Arts, is located in Boston Massachusetts, USA. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. " The Supermen " is a song written by David Bowie in 1970 and released as the closing track on the album The Man Who Sold the World. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. " Life on Mars? " is a song by David Bowie first released in 1971 on the album Hunky Dory. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Santa Monica Civic Auditorium is a multipurpose Convention center in Santa Monica California. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Cleveland is a City in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state Public Auditorium (sometimes called Public Hall) is located in the central business district of downtown Cleveland Ohio. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The UK Albums Chart is a list of Albums ranked by sales in the United Kingdom. S. Billboard Pop Albums 17
1973 Norway's album chart 11

Single

Year Single Chart Position
1972 "The Jean Genie" UK Singles Chart 2
1972 "The Jean Genie" U. See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional The UK Singles Chart is compiled by The Official UK Charts Company (OCC on behalf of the British record industry S. Billboard Pop Singles 71
1973 "The Jean Genie" UK Singles Chart 2
1973 "Drive-In Saturday" UK Singles Chart 3

Certifications

Organization Level Date
RIAA – U. S. Gold August 3, 1983

Trivia

Canadian rock group The Guess Who launched an ad campaign in the summer of 1973 to promote their album #10 and the single released from it, "Glamour Boy", a broadside against glam rockers like David Bowie. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) The Guess Who is a Canadian rock band from Winnipeg Manitoba, that was one of the first to establish a major successful following in their own country As part of promotion for the song, Guess Who manager Don Hunter posed for an ad done up á la Bowie circa Aladdin Sane, with the legend "Not just another pretty body. " After initially circulating it in the musical trades, RCA, at that time the label for both Bowie and The Guess Who and fearing a lawsuit from the former, had the ad pulled. [12]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e Roy Carr & Charles Shaar Murray (1981). Roy Carr is an English Music Journalist. He joined the New Musical Express (NME in the 1960s and has edited NME, Charles Shaar Murray (born 1951 is an English Music Journalist. Bowie: An Illustrated Record: pp. 52-56
  2. ^ a b c d Nicholas Pegg (2000). Nicholas Pegg is a British actor director and writer His acting work in the theatre includes productions for Nottingham Playhouse, Scottish Opera, The Complete David Bowie: pp. 281-283
  3. ^ Nicholas Pegg (2000). Op Cit: pp. 20-21
  4. ^ Kris Needs (1983). Kris Needs (born 3 July 1954) is a British Journalist and Author, primarily known for his writings on the music scene from the 1970s onwards Bowie: A Celebration: p. 29
  5. ^ Christopher Sandford (1996, 1997). Loving the Alien: p. 109
  6. ^ a b c d e David Buckley (1999). Strange Fascination - David Bowie: The Definitive Story: pp. 182-189
  7. ^ David Bowie (2003). David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. Aladdin Sane 30th Anniversary Edition: CD liner notes
  8. ^ Nicholas Pegg (2000). Op Cit: pp. 110-111
  9. ^ Ben Gerson (19 July 1973). Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Rolling Stone review
  10. ^ a b David Bowie. Aladdin Sane. RCA Records, 1973.
  11. ^ Northeastern Digital home page. Retrieved on 2008-05-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place
  12. ^ John Einarson (1995). American Woman: The Story of the Guess Who. Quarry Press: pp. 163-164

External links

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