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For other uses, see Al Smith (disambiguation). Al Smith is the name of Al Smith (1873&ndash1944 US politician Al Smith (cartoonist, cartoonist whose work includes Mutt and
Alfred Emanuel Smith
Al Smith
In office
January 1, 1919 – December 31, 1920
Lieutenant Harry C. Walker
Preceded by Charles S. Whitman
Succeeded by Nathan L. Miller
In office
January 1, 1923 – December 31, 1928
Lieutenant George R. Lunn (1923-1924)
Seymour Lowman (1925-1926)
Edwin Corning (1926-1928)
Preceded by Nathan L. Miller
Succeeded by Franklin D. Roosevelt
Election date
November 6, 1928
Running mate Joseph Taylor Robinson
Opponent(s) Herbert Hoover (R)
Incumbent Calvin Coolidge (R)
Preceded by John W. Davis
Succeeded by Franklin D. Roosevelt
Born December 30, 1873(1873-12-30)
New York City, New York
Died October 4, 1944 (aged 70)
New York City, New York
Political party Democratic
Religion Roman Catholicism

Alfred Emanuel Smith, Jr. The Governor of New York is the head of the Executive branch of New York 's government and the Commander-in-chief of the state's military New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar The Lieutenant Governor of New York is the second highest ranking official in the government of New York. Harry Clay Walker ( March 18, 1873 Binghamton, Broome County New York - November 2, 1932) was an American Charles S Whitman ( September 29, 1868 – March 29, 1947) served as Republican Governor of New York from January Nathan Lewis Miller ( October 10, 1868 Solon, Cortland County New York – June 26, 1953) was an American lawyer and New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. George Richard Lunn ( June 23, 1873 near Lenox, Taylor County Iowa – November 27, 1948 Schenectady New York Seymour Lowman ( October 7, 1868 Chemung, Chemung County New York - March 13, 1940) was an American lawyer and Edwin Corning ( September 30, 1883 Albany New York - August 7, 1934 Bar Harbor, Hancock County Maine) was an Nathan Lewis Miller ( October 10, 1868 Solon, Cortland County New York – June 26, 1953) was an American lawyer and The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The United States presidential election of 1928 pitted Republican Herbert Hoover against Democrat Al Smith. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Joseph Taylor Robinson ( August 26, 1872 - July 14, 1937) was an American politician from Arkansas, of the Democratic Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 John Calvin Coolidge Jr (July 4 1872 January 5 1933 was the thirtieth President of the United States (1923–1929 John William Davis ( April 13 1873 &ndash March 24 1955) was an American politician, diplomat and lawyer Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. , known in private and public life as Al Smith, (December 30, 1873 New York City - October 4, 1944 New York City) was elected Governor of New York four times, and was the Democratic U.S. presidential candidate in 1928. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The City of New York Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City of New York The Governor of New York is the head of the Executive branch of New York 's government and the Commander-in-chief of the state's military The History of the United States Democratic Party is an account of the oldest Political party in the United States and arguably TalkDemocratic The United States presidential election of 1928 pitted Republican Herbert Hoover against Democrat Al Smith. He was the first Roman Catholic and Irish-American to run for President as a major party nominee. Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. He lost the election to Herbert Hoover. Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 He then became president of the Empire State, Inc. and was instrumental in getting the Empire State Building built during the Great Depression. The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco Skyscraper in New York City at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street

Contents

Early life

Smith was born to Alfred Emanuel Smith and Catherine Mulvihill and initially grew up in the multiethnic Lower East Side of Manhattan, on Oliver Street, New York City, within sight of the Brooklyn Bridge which was then under construction. The Lower East Side is a Neighborhood in the southeastern part of the New York City borough of Manhattan. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York The City of New York The Brooklyn Bridge, one of the oldest Suspension bridges in the United States, stretches 5989 feet (1825 m over the East River connecting the His four grandparents were Irish, German, Italian, and English, but Smith identified with the Irish American community and became its leading spokesman in the 1920s. Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry An Italian American is an American of Italian descent and/or dual citizenship English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo -Americans although this may have a wider cultural meaning are Citizens of the United States whose ancestry Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. He was thirteen when his father Alfred, a Civil War veteran who owned a small trucking firm, died. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South At fourteen he had to drop out of parochial school, St. James School in Manhattan located at 37 James Street, to help support the family. He never attended high school or college, and claimed that he learned about people by studying them at the Fulton Fish Market, a job for which he was paid $12 per week to support his family. The Fulton Fish Market is a Fish market in New York, United States. An accomplished amateur actor, he became a notable speaker. On May 6, 1900, Alfred Smith married Catherine A. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Dunn, with whom he had five children. [1]

Political career

In his political career, he traded on his working-class beginnings, identified himself with immigrants, and campaigned as a man of the people. Although indebted to the Tammany Hall political machine, particularly to its boss, "Silent" Charlie Murphy, he remained untarnished by corruption and worked for the passage of progressive legislation. Tammany Hall was the Democratic Party Political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City politics and helping immigrants (most notably A political machine is an unofficial system of a political organization based on Patronage, the Spoils system, "behind-the-scenes" control and longstanding Charles Francis Murphy (1858 - 1924 was a US Political figure, head of New York City 's Tammany Hall. [2]

Smith's first political job was as a clerk in the office of the Commissioner of Jurors in 1895. In 1903 he was elected to the New York State Assembly. The New York State Assembly is the Lower house of the New York Legislature, the state legislature of the U He served as vice chairman of the commission appointed to investigate factory conditions after a hundred workers died in the disastrous Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in 1911. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City on March 25, 1911, was the largest Industrial disaster in the history of the city of New Smith crusaded against dangerous and unhealthy workplace conditions and championed corrective legislation.

In 1911, the Democrats obtained a majority of seats in the State Assembly, and Smith became chairman of the powerful Ways and Means Committee. In 1912, following the loss of the majority, he became the minority leader. When the Democrats reclaimed the majority in the next election, he was elected Speaker for the 1913 session. The Speaker of the New York State Assembly is the highest official in the New York State Assembly, customarily elected from the ranks of the Majority party. He became minority leader again in 1914 when the Republicans won the majority again, and remained in that position until his election as sheriff of New York County in 1915. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York By now he was a leader of the Progressive movement in New York City and state. The Progressive Era in the United States was a period of reform which lasted from the 1890s to the 1920s His campaign manager and top aide was Belle Moskowitz, daughter of Prussian-Jewish immigrants. Belle Moskowitz ( October 5, 1877 &ndash January 2, 1933) was the political advisor to New York Governor and 1928 presidential candidate [3]

Al Smith with his wife.
Al Smith with his wife.

After serving in the patronage-rich job of sheriff of New York County beginning in 1916, Smith was elected governor of New York in 1918 with the help of Tammany Boss Charles F. Murphy and James A. Farley, who brought Smith the upstate vote. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Charles Francis Murphy (1858 - 1924 was a US Political figure, head of New York City 's Tammany Hall. James Aloysius "Jim" Farley ( May 30, 1888 &ndash June 9, 1976) was an American Politician, business executive He was the first Irish-American to be elected governor of a state, though Martin H. Glynn was New York's first Catholic governor, serving in 1913-1914 when he succeeded Governor William Sulzer, who had been impeached. Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. Martin Henry Glynn ( September 27, 1871 Valatie, Columbia County New York - December 14, 1924 Albany, William Sulzer ( March 18, 1863 Elizabeth, Union County New Jersey – November 6, 1941 New York City)

In 1919, Smith gave the famous speech, "A man as low and mean as I can picture", making an irreparable break with William Randolph Hearst. For other people named William Randolph Hearst see William Randolph Hearst (disambiguation William Randolph Hearst I (April 29 1863 &ndash Newspaperman Hearst was the leader of the left-wing of the Democratic Party in the city, and had combined with Tammany Hall in electing the local administration. Hearst had attacked Smith for "starving children" by not reducing the cost of milk.

Smith lost his bid for re-election in 1920, but was reelected as governor in 1922, 1924 and 1926 with James A. Farley serving as his campaign manager. James Aloysius "Jim" Farley ( May 30, 1888 &ndash June 9, 1976) was an American Politician, business executive As Governor Smith became known nationally as a progressive who sought to make government more efficient and more effective in meeting social needs. His young assistant Robert Moses constructed the nation's first state park system and reformed the civil service system; later he was elected Secretary of State of New York. Robert Moses ( December 18 1888 – July 29 1981) was the "master builder" of mid-20th century New York City, Long The Secretary of State of New York is a cabinet officer in the government of the U During his term New York strengthened laws governing workers' compensation, women's pensions, and child and women's labor with the help of Frances Perkins, soon to be President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Labor Secretary, and ahead of many states. Frances Coralie Perkins (born Fanny Coralie Perkins lived April 10 1882 &ndash May 14 1965) was the U "Secretary of Labor" redirects here See also Secretary of Labor (Mexico. At the 1924 Democratic National Convention, Smith unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president, advancing the cause of civil liberty by decrying lynching and racial violence. The 1924 Democratic National Convention, also called the Klanbake, held at the Madison Square Garden in New York City from June The United States presidential election of 1924 was won by incumbent President Calvin Coolidge, the Republican candidate Lynching is an Extrajudicial punishment meted out by a mob Lynching an enumerated Felony in some states in the United States, is defined by some Roosevelt made the nominating speech in which he saluted Smith as "the Happy Warrior of the political battlefield". [4]

The 1928 election

Main article: United States presidential election, 1928

It was reporter Frederick William Wile who made the oft-repeated observation that Smith was defeated by "the three P's: Prohibition, Prejudice and Prosperity" [5]. The United States presidential election of 1928 pitted Republican Herbert Hoover against Democrat Al Smith.

Al Smith giving a speech.
Al Smith giving a speech.

The Republican Party was riding high on the economic boom of the 1920s, which their presidential candidate Herbert Hoover pledged to continue. Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 Historians agree that the prosperity along with anti-Catholic sentiment made Hoover's election inevitable, although he had never run for office. He defeated Smith by a landslide in the 1928 election. The United States presidential election of 1928 pitted Republican Herbert Hoover against Democrat Al Smith.

Smith was the first Catholic to win a major-party presidential nomination. [6] (See also John F. Kennedy, the first Catholic elected U. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of S. President. ) A major controversial issue was the continuation of Prohibition. Prohibition of alcohol, often referred to simply as prohibition, also known as Noble Experiment, refers to a Sumptuary law which prohibits Alcohol Smith was personally in favor of relaxation or repeal of Prohibition laws despite its status as part of the nation's Constitution, but the Democratic Party split north and south on the issue. During the campaign Smith tried to duck the issue with noncommittal statements. [7]

Smith was an articulate exponent of good government and efficiency as was Hoover. But as Smith became known for saying in his campaign, "Let's look at the record. " Smith swept the entire Catholic vote, which had been split in 1920 and 1924, and brought millions of Catholic ethnics to the polls for the first time, especially women. He lost important Democratic constituencies in the rural north and in southern cities and suburbs. He did carry the Deep South, thanks in part to his running mate, Senator Joseph Robinson from Arkansas, and he carried the ten most populous cities in the United States. Joseph Robinson may refer to Joseph Taylor Robinson (1872&ndash1937 Democratic United States Senator Senate Majority Leader member of the United States Arkansas ( is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Part of Smith's losses can be attributed to fear that as president, Smith would answer to the Pope rather than to the Constitution, to fears of the power of New York City, to distaste for the long history of corruption associated with Tammany Hall, as well as to Smith's own mediocre campaigning. Tammany Hall was the Democratic Party Political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City politics and helping immigrants (most notably Smith's campaign theme song, "The Sidewalks of New York", was not likely to appeal to rural folks, and his city accent on the "raddio" seemed a bit foreign. " The Sidewalks of New York " is a Popular song about life in New York City during the 1890s Although Smith lost New York state, his fellow-Democrat Roosevelt was elected to replace him as governor of New York. [8] Ironically it was James A. Farley who left Smith's camp to run Franklin D. James Aloysius "Jim" Farley ( May 30, 1888 &ndash June 9, 1976) was an American Politician, business executive Roosevelt's successful campaign for Governor, and later Roosevelt's successful campaigns for the Presidency in 1932 and 1936.

Voter realignment

In long-term perspective Al Smith started a voter realignment. He helped launch the end of classless politics that ushered in the New Deal coalition of Franklin D. The New Deal coalition was the alignment of interest groups and voting blocs that supported the New Deal and voted for Democratic presidential candidates from 1932 Roosevelt. [9] As one political scientist explains, ". . . not until 1928, with the nomination of Al Smith, a northeastern reformer, did Democrats make gains among the urban, blue-collar, and Catholic voters who were later to become core components of the New Deal coalition and break the pattern of minimal class polarization that had characterized the Fourth Party System. The Fourth Party System is the term used in political science and history for the period in American political history from about 1896 to 1932 that was dominated by the Republican "[10] Finan (2003) says Smith is an underestimated symbol of the changing nature of American politics in the first half of the century. He represented the rising ambitions of urban, industrial America at a time when the hegemony of rural, agrarian America was in decline. He was connected to the hopes and aspirations of immigrants, especially Catholics and Jews. Smith was a devout Catholic, but his struggles against religious bigotry were often misinterpreted when he fought the religiously inspired Protestant morality imposed by prohibitionists.

Opposition to Roosevelt

Smith felt slighted by Roosevelt during Roosevelt's governorship. They became rivals for the 1932 Democratic presidential nomination. The United States presidential election of 1932 took place as the effects of the 1929 Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression were being felt intensely across the country After losing the nomination, Smith begrudgingly campaigned for Roosevelt in 1932. When President Roosevelt began pursuing the liberal policies of his New Deal, Smith began to work with the opposition. The New Deal was the name that United States President Franklin D Smith believed the New Deal was a betrayal of good-government Progressive ideals, and ran counter to the goal of close cooperation with business. Along with other prominent conservative Democrats, in 1934 he became a leader of the American Liberty League, the focus of political opposition to Roosevelt's New Deal. The American Liberty League was a US organization formed in 1934 by conservative Democrats such as Al Smith (the 1928 Democratic presidential nominee The New Deal was the name that United States President Franklin D Smith supported the Republican presidential candidates Alfred M. Landon in the 1936 election and Wendell Willkie in the 1940 election. Alfred "Alf" Mossman Landon ( September 9, 1887 – October 12, 1987) was an American Republican Politician The United States presidential election of 1936 took place as the Great Depression entered its eighth year Wendell Lewis Willkie ( February 18 1892 &ndash October 8 1944) was a corporate lawyer in the United States and the Republican The United States presidential election of 1940 was fought in the shadow of World War II as the United States was emerging from the Great Depression. [11]

Although personal resentment was a motivating factor in Smith's break with Roosevelt and the New Deal, Smith was consistent in his beliefs and politics. Finan (2003) argues Smith always believed in social mobility, economic opportunity, religious tolerance, and individualism.

Civilian life

Smith golfing with baseball great Babe Ruth in Coral Gables, Florida (1930) – State Archive of Florida
Smith golfing with baseball great Babe Ruth in Coral Gables, Florida (1930) – State Archive of Florida

After the 1928 election, he became the president of Empire State, Inc. George Herman Ruth Jr (February 6 1895 &ndash August 16 1948 also popularly known as " Babe " " The Bambino " and " The Sultan of Coral Gables (sometimes referred to as The Gables) is a City in Miami-Dade County, Florida, southwest of Miami, in the United , the corporation which built and operated the Empire State Building. The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco Skyscraper in New York City at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street Construction for the building was commenced symbolically on March 17, 1930, per Smith's instructions, as president of the corporation. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Smith's grandchildren cut the ribbon when the world's tallest skyscraper opened on May 1, 1931--May Day--built in only 13 months. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. As with the Brooklyn Bridge, which Smith witnessed being built from his Lower East Side boyhood home, the Empire State Building was a vision and an achievement constructed by combining the interests of all rather than being divided by interests of a few. Smith, like most New York City businessmen, enthusiastically supported World War II, but was not asked by Roosevelt to play any role in the war effort. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including [12]

In 1939 he was appointed a Papal Chamberlain, one of the highest honors the Papacy bestows on a layman. The Papal Gentlemen, also called the Gentlemen of His Holiness, are the attendants of the Pope and his papal household in Vatican City.

Smith died at the Rockefeller Institute Hospital on October 4, 1944, at the age of 70, broken-hearted over the death of his wife from cancer five months earlier. The Rockefeller University is a private University which focuses primarily on basic research in the biomedical fields and offers graduate and postgraduate education Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He is interred at Calvary Cemetery, Queens, New York. Calvary Cemetery is located at 49-02 Laurel Hill Blvd in Woodside in the New York City borough of Queens, New York.

Namesake

Electoral history

1928 United States Presidential Election

Herbert Hoover (R) 58. Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 2%
Al Smith (D) 40. 8%
Norman Thomas (Socialist) 0. Norman Mattoon Thomas ( November 20, 1884 &ndash December 19, 1968) was a leading American socialist, pacifist 7%
William Zebulon Foster (Communist) 0. William Zebulon Foster ( February 25, 1881 - September 1, 1961) born in Taunton, Massachusetts, was the long-time 1%

In fiction

In Harry Turtledove's alternate history series Timeline 191, in which the Confederate States of America wins the American Civil War, Al Smith becomes the third Socialist President of the United States in 1936. Harry Norman Turtledove (born June 14 1949) is an American historian and novelist who has written Historical fiction, Fantasy, and Alternate history or alternative history is a subgenre of Speculative fiction (or Science fiction) and Historical fiction Timeline-191 is a fan name given to a series of Harry Turtledove alternate history Novels including How Few Remain as well as The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by In 1941, during his second term, the Confederacy invades the US, starting World War II. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. An analog to the real-life World War II, this second global war is the backdrop to Harry Turtledove 's Settling Accounts tetralogy of the Timeline-191 Smith is killed by a Confederate bomber in 1942 in his bunker in Philadelphia. A military bunker is a hardened shelter often buried partly or fully underground designed to protect the inhabitants from falling bombs or other attacks Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə

References

  1. ^ Slayton 2001
  2. ^ Slayton 2001
  3. ^ Slayton 2001
  4. ^ Slayton 2001
  5. ^ reprinted 1977, John A. Ryan, "Religion in the Election of 1928," Current History, December 1928; reprinted in Ryan, Questions of the Day (Ayer Publishing, 1977) p. 91
  6. ^ Hostetler, (1998).
  7. ^ Lichtman (1979)
  8. ^ Slayton 2001; Lichtman (1979)
  9. ^ Degler (1964)
  10. ^ Lawrence (1996) p 34.
  11. ^ Slayton 2001
  12. ^ Slayton 2001

Bibliography

Primary sources

External links


Political offices
Preceded by
?		 New York State Assembly, New York County 2nd District
1904–1915		 Succeeded by
?
Preceded by
Edwin A. Merritt		 Minority Leader of the New York State Assembly
1912		 Succeeded by
Harold Hinman
Preceded by
Edwin A. Merritt		 Speaker of the New York State Assembly
1913		 Succeeded by
Thaddeus C. Sweet
Preceded by
Harold Hinman		 Minority Leader of the New York State Assembly
1914–1915		 Succeeded by
Joseph Callahan
Preceded by
Charles S. Whitman		 Governor of New York
1919 – 1920		 Succeeded by
Nathan L. Miller
Preceded by
Nathan L. Miller		 Governor of New York
1923 – 1928		 Succeeded by
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Party political offices
Preceded by
John W. Davis		 Democratic Party presidential candidate
1928		 Succeeded by
Franklin D. Roosevelt
The New York State Assembly is the Lower house of the New York Legislature, the state legislature of the U Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Edwin Albert Merritt ( July 25, 1860 Pierrepont, St Lawrence County New York - December 4, 1914 Potsdam, The New York State Assembly is the Lower house of the New York Legislature, the state legislature of the U Edwin Albert Merritt ( July 25, 1860 Pierrepont, St Lawrence County New York - December 4, 1914 Potsdam, The Speaker of the New York State Assembly is the highest official in the New York State Assembly, customarily elected from the ranks of the Majority party. Thaddeus Campbell Sweet ( November 16, 1872 Phoenix, Oswego County New York - May 1, 1928 Whitney Point, The New York State Assembly is the Lower house of the New York Legislature, the state legislature of the U Charles S Whitman ( September 29, 1868 – March 29, 1947) served as Republican Governor of New York from January The Governor of New York is the head of the Executive branch of New York 's government and the Commander-in-chief of the state's military Nathan Lewis Miller ( October 10, 1868 Solon, Cortland County New York – June 26, 1953) was an American lawyer and Nathan Lewis Miller ( October 10, 1868 Solon, Cortland County New York – June 26, 1953) was an American lawyer and The Governor of New York is the head of the Executive branch of New York 's government and the Commander-in-chief of the state's military John William Davis ( April 13 1873 &ndash March 24 1955) was an American politician, diplomat and lawyer This is a list of the candidates for the offices of President of the United States and Vice President of the United States of the modern Democratic Party of the United The United States presidential election of 1928 pitted Republican Herbert Hoover against Democrat Al Smith.
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