Agrarianism is a social and political philosophy which stresses the viewpoint that the cultivation of plants, or farming leads to a fuller and happier life. Social philosophy is the philosophical study of questions about social Behavior (typically of Humans. Political philosophy is the study of questions about the City, Government, Politics, Liberty, Justice, Property, Rights Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture

Contents 1 Philosophy 2 History 3 Similar social movements 4 Famous agrarians 5 See also 6 External links

Philosophy

In the introduction to his 1969 book Agrarianism in American Literature, M. Thomas Inge defines agrarianism by the following basic tenets:

• Cultivation of the soil provides direct contact with nature; through the contact with nature the agrarian is blessed with a closer relationship to God. M Thomas Inge is an American Writer, who is an authority on popular culture and the history of the comic arts Farming has within it a positive spiritual good; the farmer acquires the virtues of "honor, manliness, self-reliance, courage, moral integrity, and hospitality" and follows the example of God when creating order out of chaos. Self-sufficiency refers to the state of not requiring any outside aid support or interaction for survival it is therefore a type of personal or collective autonomy.

• The farmer "has a sense of identity, a sense of historical and religious tradition, a feeling of belonging to a concrete family, place, and region, which are psychologically and culturally beneficial. " The harmony of this life checks the encroachments of a fragmented, alienated modern society which has grown to inhuman scale.

• In contrast, farming offers total independence and self-sufficiency. Self-sufficiency refers to the state of not requiring any outside aid support or interaction for survival it is therefore a type of personal or collective autonomy. It has a solid, stable position in the world order. But urban life, capitalism, and technology destroy our independence and dignity while fostering vice and weakness within us. Capitalism is the Economic system in which the Means of production are owned by private Persons and operated for Profit and where The agricultural community can provide checks and balances against the imbalances of modern society by its fellowship of labor and cooperation with other agrarians, while obeying the rhythms of nature. The agrarian community is the model society for mankind.

History

In the 1910s and 1920s, agrarianism garnered significant popular attention, but was eclipsed in the postwar period. It has been revived somewhat in conjunction with the environmental movement, and has been drawing an increasing number of adherents. Environmentalism is a broad philosophy and Social movement centered on a concern for the conservation and improvement of the environment.

Recent agrarian thinkers are sometimes referred to as neo-Agrarian and include the likes of Wendell Berry and Gene Logsdon. Wendell Berry (born August 5, 1934, Henry County Kentucky) is an American Man of letters, academic cultural and Gene Logsdon is an American Man of letters, cultural and Economic critic and Farmer. They are characterized by seeing the world through an agricultural lens. Although much of Inge's principals, above, still apply to the New Agrarianism, the affiliation with a particular religion and patriarchal tendency have subsided to some degree.

Similar social movements

Agrarianism is not identical with the back-to-the-land movement, but it can be helpful to think of it in those terms. The phrase " back-to-the-land movement " refers to a North American social phenomenon of the 1960s and 1970s The agrarian philosophy is not to get people to reject progress, but rather to concentrate on the fundamental goods of the earth, communities of more limited economic and political scale than in modern society, and on simple living--even when this shift involves questioning the "progressive" character of some recent social and economic developments. Thus agrarianism is not industrial farming, with its specialization on products and industrial scale. Industrial agriculture is a form of modern farming that refers to the industrialized production of Livestock, Poultry, Fish, and

Famous agrarians

The name "agrarian" is properly applied to figures from Horace and Virgil through Thomas Jefferson, Transcendentalists like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, the Southern Agrarians movement of the 1920s and 1930s (also known as the Vanderbilt Agrarians) and present-day authors Wendell Berry, Gene Logsdon, Allan Carlson, Victor Davis Hanson, and Michael Bunker. Quintus Horatius Flaccus, ( Venosa, December 8, 65 BC - Rome, November 27, 8 BC known in the English-speaking world as Horace Publius Vergilius Maro ( October 15, 70 BCE &ndash September 21, 19 BCE later called Virgilius, and known in English as Virgil or Thomas Jefferson (April 13 1743 – July 4 1826 was the third President of the United States (1801–1809 the principal author of the Declaration of Independence Transcendentalism was a group of new ideas in Literature, Religion, Culture, and Philosophy that emerged in New England in the Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25 1803 &ndash April 27 1882 was an American essayist philosopher poet and leader of the Transcendentalist movement in the early 19th century The Southern Agrarians (also known as the Vanderbilt Agrarians or Nashville Agrarians) were a group of twelve American writers and poets with roots in the Vanderbilt University is a private, Nonsectarian, Coeducational Research University in Nashville, Tennessee, Wendell Berry (born August 5, 1934, Henry County Kentucky) is an American Man of letters, academic cultural and Gene Logsdon is an American Man of letters, cultural and Economic critic and Farmer. Allan C Carlson (born Des Moines Iowa, 1949 is a scholar of the family and is the president of the Howard Center, a director of the Family in America Studies Victor Davis Hanson (born 1953 in Fowler California) is a Military historian, Columnist, political essayist and former Classics professor notable

The leader of the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union, Aleksandar Stamboliyski, is the only president of an Agrarian Party to have been the prime minister of a one-party agrarian government, from 1920-1923. The Bulgarian Agrarian National Union ( BANU) (Българският земеделски народен съюз БЗНС) is a Political party devoted Aleksandar Stamboliyski (Александър Стамболийски variously transliterated ( March 1, 1879 - June 14, 1923) was the Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

See also

• Agrarian society
• The Amish and Mennonites
• Localism (politics)
• Nordic Agrarian parties
• Physiocrats
• United Farmers

External links

• "Agrarianism" in American Conservatism: An Encyclopedia
• "Agrarian Valhalla: The Vanderbilt 12 and Beyond" by Joseph Scotchie, Southern Events. An agrarian society is one that is based on Agriculture as its prime means for support and sustenance The Amish (ˈɑːmɪʃ are members of an Anabaptist Christian denomination best known for Simple living, Plain dress and resisting modern conveniences The Mennonites are a group of Christian Anabaptist denominations named after Menno Simons (1496&ndash1561 though his teachings were a relatively Localism describes a range of political philosophies which prioritise the Local. The Nordic Agrarian parties, or Nordic Centre parties, is a class of post- agrarian political parties on the Nordic countries. The physiocrats were a group of Economists who believed that the wealth of nations was derived solely from the value of land Agriculture or land development
• Writings of a Deliberate Agrarian.
• Biblical Agrarianism.
• The New Agrarian.
• The Agrarian Foundation.
• Agraripedia.
• [1]

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic