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For the sayings of Jesus that are not found in the canonical Gospels, see Agrapha
Agrafa
Άγραφα
Location
Agrafa (Greece)
Agrafa
Coordinates 39°8′N 21°39′E / 39.133, 21.65Coordinates: 39°8′N 21°39′E / 39.133, 21.65
Time zone: EET/EEST (UTC+2/3)
Elevation (center): 800 m (2,625 ft)
Government
Country: Greece
Periphery: Central Greece
Prefecture: Evrytania
Population statistics (as of 2001[1])
City Proper
 - Population: 3,691
Codes
Postal: 360 73
Area: 22370
Auto: ΚΗ

Agrafa (Greek: Άγραφα) is a mountainous region in Eurytania and Karditsa prefectures in mainland Greece. For the region in Evrytania Greece see Agrafa Agrapha (Greek for "non written" singular agraphon) are sayings of A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Eastern European Time ( EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Eastern European Summer Time ( EEST) is one of the names of UTC+3 Time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time UTC+3 is used in the following locations Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time West Asian Summer Time The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The peripheries ( Περιφέρειες) are the official regional Administrative divisions of Greece. Continental Greece ( Στερεά Ελλάδα - Stereá Elláda, earlier Χέρσος Ελλάς) or Central Greece ( Κεντρική Ελλάδα Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 3 super-prefectures and 54 prefectures or nomes Evrytania ( Greek: Ευρυτανία alternative romanization Evritania, Latin: Eurytania) is one of the Prefectures of Greece In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The Greek Postal code system is is administered by ELTA (Ελληνικά Ταχυδρομεία Hellenic Post) This is a list of dialing codes in Greece. The first digit represents type of service Greek Vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e Evrytania ( Greek: Ευρυτανία alternative romanization Evritania, Latin: Eurytania) is one of the Prefectures of Greece Karditsa is one of the Prefectures of Greece. Located in the south-western Thessaly, it is primarily an agricultural prefecture Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία It is mainly comprised of small villages, including Krioneri, Morfovouni (Vounesi), and others. Kryoneri or Krioneri (Greek Modern Κρυονέρι Katharevoussa -ον meaning "cold water" older forms Kryonerion and Krionerion may The Agrafa is famous for its complete autonomy throughout the entire 400 years of Ottoman Turkish occupation of Greece and the Balkans. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The word agrafa literally translates to "unwritten" or uncharted. Because the Turks were unable to conquer this region, the area and its population were not recorded in the Sultan's tax register. Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings As a result the people were free to conduct their business and their customs as they pleased without Ottoman influence. [2]

Agrafa is the third largest community in Evrytania (evrytania. gr) after Domnitsa and Karpenisi. Karpenisi ( Greek: Καρπενήσι - Karpenísi) also Karpenissi, older forms Karpenisio, Karpenissio, Karpenision Agrafa is accessed with the road linking with GR-38 and the northern villages with a poor road to the Karditsa Prefecture. Greek National Road 38 is a highway linking the cities of Agrinio, Karpenisi and Lamia. Karditsa is one of the Prefectures of Greece. Located in the south-western Thessaly, it is primarily an agricultural prefecture Agrafa located WNW east of Karpenisi, ENE of Agrinio, south of Karditsa and ESE of Arta. Karpenisi ( Greek: Καρπενήσι - Karpenísi) also Karpenissi, older forms Karpenisio, Karpenissio, Karpenision Agrinion ( Greek, Modern Αγρίνιο Ancient/ Katharevousa: -on older form Agrinion, Latin: Agrinium) is the largest city Karditsa (Καρδίτσα is a city in western Thessaly in mainland Greece. The Agrafiotis River flows to the west and further east is the Megdova River. The Agrafioti River (Greek Potamos Agrafiotis) is a river that flows entirely in the Evrytania prefecture The Megdova River (Ποταμός Μέγδοβας is a river that flows through the Karditsa and the Evrytania prefectures Agrafa are part of the Pindus Mts (pindostrek. net) which is the Greek extension of the Alps. Today, many ski resorts are being planned for the region.

The Agrafa region has been populated for approximately 2,500 years. The fiercely independent spirit of its people, known as Agrafiotes, is matched by a harsh and forbidding landscape. The central Agrafiotis River valley is surrounded on three sides by a steep 2,000-meter wall of mountains, and on its south side the river drains via a series of narrow and often impassable gorges into the man-made Lake Plastiras. Municipal districts Kerasea Nevropoli Lampero Agios Athanasios

Most of the surrounding forests in the region were controlled by Greek Orthodox monasteries for many hundreds of years and throughout the Turkish occupation of the Balkans. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world This article concerns the buildings occupied by monastics. For the life inside monasteries and its historical roots see Monasticism. The residents of the Agrafa purchased tracts of land from the monasteries hundreds of years ago and these forests remain in the communal hands of the current inhabitants. Agrafa was a center of literacy during the 400 years of domination and slavery by the Turks. Since the monasteries were independent from the Sultan, it was here that the Greek language was kept alive; reading and writing were taught in secrecy, generation after generation as the Turks forbade the general population from learning how to read and write their own language. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Unlike the majority of Greeks, many Agrafiotes can trace their family histories back for generations since they were free to read, write, and record births, baptisms, and deaths.

Contents

Subdivisions

Municipal districts

Historical population

Year Population Change Municipal district population Municipal population Change
1981 399 - - - -
1991 184 -215/-53. This article is about the weapon For the villages in Romania see Vălari. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. 88% - 1,012 -
2001 616 +432/+234. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. 78% 1,065 3,691 +127/+1. 24%%

Modernization

Before modernization, most people's occupations in the Agrafa involved harvesting nuts and fruits from orchards, farming, shepherding, and textile manufacturing. Most of the produce from the Agrafa are traditional cold weather crops or crops which can survive in poor soil. The beans grown in the Agrafa are second to none for flavor and quality. The proceeds of the timber sales from the forests purchased from the Greek Orthodox monasteries continue to benefit the community as a whole.

Spring in Agrafa
Spring in Agrafa

The most famous person from the Agrafa and the driving force behind modernization was General Nikolaos Plastiras. Nikolaos Plastiras ( Νικόλαος Πλαστήρας) ( November 4, 1883 - July 26, 1953) was a General of the It was General Plastiras' vision to create a hydroelectric dam in the region so that nearly all of mainland Greece, excluding the Peloponese, would be supplied with electricity, particularly the many fractured villages and rural communities. Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by Hydropower, ie the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling water A dam is a barrier that divides waters. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water while other structures such as Floodgates, Levees The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula A spin-off from this project was the mass irrigation system developed to supply the farmers in the plains of Thessaly with water and increase the yields of cash crops such as cotton. Construction began during the peaceful era of the 1950s after World War II and the Greek Civil War. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Greek Civil War (ο Eμφύλιος, "the Civil War" fought from 1946 to 1949 by the Governmental forces receiving logistical support by the United Kingdom Once completed General Plastiras' hydroelectric dam propelled the Greek nation into the modern era. The majority of the workers on this project were Agrafiotes themselves. As a result of their years of dedication and sacrifice to the project, the residents of the region enjoy free water up until this day. The Agrafa, originally one of the poorest and most isolated regions of Greece, is quickly becoming a hot tourist destination, as the area's beauty is reminiscent of the Alps of Austria and Switzerland.

Many Agrafiotes left their villages and settled in the major metropolitan cities in Greece as well as in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Germany, seeking an escape from the abject poverty and lack of opportunities which once haunted the area. The migration from the region first began in the 1920s and has nearly ceased after the military junta which had ruled Greece from 1967-1974 was toppled. A military dictatorship is a Form of government wherein the political power resides with the Military; it is similar but not identical to a Stratocracy, Recently in the 1990s, the population like the rest of the prefecture boomed rapidly and was much above and nearly tripled and it restored a part of the population that was in the early 20th century, it was the fastest in the prefecture and one in Greece that it became the third largest community in Greece. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 The twentieth century of the Common Era began on

Other

Agrafa has a school, a lyceum or a middle school, a gymnasium or a secondary school, churches, a post office, banks, and a few squares (plateies). Plateia or platia ( πλατεία) is the Greek word for Town square.

External links

See also

References

  1. ^ PDF (875 KB) 2001 Census (Greek). This is a list of settlements of the Evrytania prefecture, Greece. National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΣΥΕ). www. statistics. gr. Retrieved on 2007-10-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge.
  2. ^ Paul D. Hellander (2006). Greece. Lonely Planet, 248. ISBN 1740597508.  
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