In France, the agrégation is a civil service competitive examination for some positions in the public education system. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The French Civil Service (fonction publique française is the set of civil servants ( fonctionnaires) working for the French government. A competitive examination is an Examination where candidates are ranked according to their grades Public education is education mandated for or offered to the children of the general public by the Government, whether national regional or local provided by an institution The laureates are known as agrégés. A similar system exists in other countries.
There are actually two different agrégations:
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Secondary education
The main one and the better known is for secondary education, leading to the position of professeur agrégé. Australia See also Education Its difficulty and selectivity varies greatly between disciplines: there are about 300 such positions open each year in mathematics, but a few dozen in philosophy, and perhaps one in some rarely taught foreign languages such as Japanese. Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language A foreign language is a Language not spoken by the people of a certain place for example English is a foreign language in Japan. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities The professeurs agrégés are a higher category of teachers compared to the professeurs certifiés, recruited through the CAPES. In theory, the agrégés should teach in high schools (lycées) and even in university-level classes, while the certifiés should teach in junior high schools (collèges), though there is significant overlap.
In addition to those teaching in normal sections of lycées (the vast majority), some agrégés teach in the preparatory classes to the grandes écoles. The Grandes écoles ("Graduate schools" literally in French "Grand Schools" or "Elite Schools" of France are higher Finally some agrégés teach in normal universities, but do not, nominally, do scientific research as normal university academics do ; these positions are known as PRAG. Scientific method refers to bodies of Techniques for investigating phenomena Some similar positions (agrégé préparateur, AGPR), including research, exists in the écoles normales supérieures, though these are obviously very few and very hard to obtain. École Normale de Musique de ParisThe École normale supérieure (also known as Normale Sup’, Normale, ENS, ENS-Paris, ENS-Ulm or
The agrégation is normally open only to holders of a 4-year college education (formerly, maîtrise) or above. Its preparation often takes a full additional year at the university, for the so-called external agrégation. There also exists an internal agrégation for professeurs certifiés, though it lacks the prestige of the external one. The following discusses the external one.
The exam generally consists in a written part (admissibility) where most candidates are eliminated, followed by an oral part (admission) where the candidate must demonstrate his ability to prepare and give lessons on about any topic within the scope of his discipline.
In most disciplines, the lessons expected extend well above the secondary education level; the candidate may, in effect, have to present a lesson appropriate for the 2nd, 3rd or even 4th years of specialized studies at a university. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects One reason for that is that the agrégés should be able to teach in special undergraduate sections of high schools known as preparatory classes to the grandes écoles, where the level is above the normal level of 1st or 2nd year college education – though the vast majority of agrégés teach in ordinary secondary education. The Grandes écoles ("Graduate schools" literally in French "Grand Schools" or "Elite Schools" of France are higher
The agrégation is also used as a kind of national ranking system for students, giving a fair comparison between students of different universities. This is especially true in the humanities, where the agrégation is highly selective and serves as a test on the culture of the candidate. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative The students of the écoles normales supérieures often give up an entire year of their adult life to prepare for any potential question. École Normale de Musique de ParisThe École normale supérieure (also known as Normale Sup’, Normale, ENS, ENS-Paris, ENS-Ulm or
Higher education
In some disciplines of higher education such as law and economics, there exists an agrégation for the professorship positions. Higher education is Education that is provided by universities, vocational universities, Community colleges Liberal arts colleges Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. In this competitive exam, the candidate also has to give a lesson in front of a committee. However, the candidate has a full day to prepare for the examination, may use several libraries as well as a team of "helpers".
Some sociologists like Pierre Bourdieu have argued that this exam measures a candidate's social connections as much their ability to present a lesson — consider, for example, that a candidate for a Law professorship may be helped by first-class attorneys if he happens to know them. Pierre Bourdieu ( August 1, 1930 – January 23, 2002) was an acclaimed French Sociologist and writer known for his
See also
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Habilitation is the highest academic qualification a person can achieve by their own pursuit in certain European and Asian countriesDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic